After graduating, Gordon taught and researched at Yale. In the 70's, she became an associate professor of anatomy at State University of New York. From 1981 until her death on August 23, 1993, Gordon was a professorial lecturer of biology and anatomy at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York.[2] She was a professor at School of Biomedical Education of City University Medical School for the last 13 years of her working life. Her work assisted in the development of in vitro fertilization (IVF). She also receives credit for what is known about how calcium influences the spermocyte.
Gordon, Mildred; Kohorn, Ernest I.; Rice, Susan I.; Hemperly, Susan (February 1972). "The relation of the structure of progestational steroids to nuclear differentiation in human endometrium". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 34 (2): 257–264. doi:10.1210/jcem-34-2-257.