Meitei astronomy

Meetei Mayek
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Meitei astronomy
(Meitei: Khenchonglon/Khenchanglon)
Classical Meitei relief arts depicting the mythological creation of celestial and heavenly bodies, displayed inside the Kangla Fort in Imphal
Cultural originsMeitei culture

The astronomy of Meitei civilisation deals with celestial objects, space, and the physical universe as a whole.

Meitei language term “Khenchanglon” (Meitei: ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯪꯂꯣꯟ / ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯡꯂꯣꯟ) is derived from its ancient Meitei equivalent “Khenchonglon” (Meitei: ꯈꯦꯟꯆꯣꯡꯂꯣꯟ), literally meaning "the growing up, evolving or emergence of natural / celestial body(ies) and energy(ies)" and colloquially meaning "astronomy or astronomical bodies, like stars, constellations, planets, satellites, comets, meteors, etc." The Meitei astronomy was also related to the tradition of astrology.[1]

Subika, a Classical Meitei language illustrated manuscript text, in traditional Meetei Mayek writing system, about the Meitei astronomy & cosmology of Kangleipak

Constellations

Constellations Romanisation English names[2][3][4] Indo-Aryan/Sanskrit equivalents[5][6][7] Number of stars[8]
ꯁꯖꯤꯛ Sajik Arietis Ashini Consisting of 3 stars
ꯊꯕꯥ Thaba II Arietis or Musca Barni Consisting of 3 stars
ꯈꯣꯡꯖꯣꯝꯅꯨꯕꯤ Khongjomnubi Tauri or Pleiades[9] Ktitika Consisting of 6 stars
ꯑꯄꯛꯉꯥ Apaknga 4th Lunar Masion Pauri II Ruhini Consisting of 5 stars
ꯁꯥꯆꯨꯡ ꯇꯦꯜꯍꯩꯕ Sachungtelheiba Orionis Mrigisera Consisting of 3 stars
ꯂꯤꯛꯂꯥ ꯁꯥꯐꯕ Likla Saphaba Orion Adra Consisting of 1 star
ꯆꯤꯡꯆꯥꯂꯣꯢꯄꯤ Chingroibi Geminorum Punbarsu Consisting of 2/4 stars
ꯆꯨꯡꯁꯦꯟꯅꯨꯕꯤ Chungsenubi Cancri Pursha Consisting of 3 stars
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯅꯥꯒ Ningthounaga Hydae or Hydai Aslesha Consisting of 5 stars
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯇꯨꯔꯦꯜ Ningthouturel Leonis or Regulus Magha Consisting of 5 stars
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧ ꯁꯃꯨ Ningthousamu Leonis Parbaphalguni Consisting of 2 stars
ꯁꯃꯨꯄꯤꯆꯥ Samupicha Leonis II Utarphalguni Consisting of 2 stars
ꯎꯐꯣꯡ ꯉꯥꯇꯨ Uphongngatu Carvi Hasta Consisting of 5 stars
ꯃꯣꯀꯥꯡ ꯁꯜꯀ Mokang Virginis or Spica Chitra Consisting of 1 star
ꯂꯨꯋꯥꯡ ꯁꯜꯀ Luwang Bootis or Arcturus Swati Consisting of 1 star
Nanap Librae or Libra Bisaka Consisting of 2 stars
ꯑꯣꯛꯄꯨꯔꯣꯢ Okpuroi Scorpii or Scorpionis Anuradha Consisting of 4 stars
ꯇꯥꯎꯍꯨꯢꯔꯦꯡ Taohuireng Scorpii or Scorpionis Antares Zestha Consisting of 3 stars
ꯇꯣꯟꯖꯦꯡꯅꯨꯕꯤ Tongjengnubi Scorpii or Scorpionis Mula Consisting of 11 stars
ꯊꯥꯌꯥꯢ Thayai Sagittarii Parbasera Consisting of 2 stars
ꯊꯥꯇꯣꯟ Thaton Sagittari Utrasara Consisting of 3 stars
ꯃꯅꯤ ꯃꯃꯧ ꯁꯤꯟꯇꯥꯛꯅꯕꯤ Mani-Mamou Acquilae or Aquilee Sarbana Consisting of 3 stars
ꯍꯥꯔꯩ ꯃꯥꯌꯦ Hareimaye Delphini Dhanistha Consisting of 4 stars
ꯀꯣꯔꯧꯅꯨ Korounu Aquarrii Satbisa Consisting of 100 stars
ꯈꯥꯕ ꯂꯩꯅꯤꯡ Khabaliteng Pegasi Purbadrabad Consisting of 2 stars
ꯁꯤꯜꯄ ꯂꯩꯅꯤꯡ Silpaleining Pegasi or Andromedae Utarbabrabad Consisting of 2 stars
ꯌꯥꯋꯥ ꯈꯨꯔꯣ Yawakhuro Lunar Mansion Rebati Consisting of 32 stars

Planets

Planets Romanisation English names[10][11] Indo-Aryan/Sanskrit equivalents[12][13] Literal meanings
ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯥꯏꯆꯤꯡ ꯊꯄꯤ Nongmaiching Sun Rabi Sunday planet
ꯅꯤꯡꯊꯧꯀꯥꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ Ningthoukaba Moon Chandra Monday planet
ꯂꯩꯄꯥꯛꯄꯣꯛꯄ ꯊꯄꯤ Leipakpokpa Mars Mangal Tuesday planet
ꯌꯨꯝꯁꯀꯩꯁ ꯊꯄꯤ Yumsakeisa Mercury Buddha Wednesday planet
ꯁꯀꯣꯜꯁꯦꯟ ꯊꯄꯤ Sagolshen Jupiter Brihaspati Thursday planet
ꯏꯂꯥꯢ ꯊꯄꯤ Irai Venus Sukra Friday planet
ꯊꯥꯡꯆ ꯊꯄꯤ Thangja Saturn Shani Saturday planet
ꯁꯥꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯄꯤ Shakok Urenus (Herschel) Rahu Head of Taoroinai celestial dragon[14]
ꯁꯥꯃꯩ ꯊꯄꯤ Shamei Neptune Ketu Tail of Taoroinai celestial dragon[15]

Star tracks

Star tracks Romanisation English names[16][17] Indo-Aryan/Sanskrit equivalents[18][19] Ref./Note(s)
ꯍꯥꯃꯦꯡ Hameng Aries Mesh
ꯇꯥꯟꯕ Tanba Taurus Brisha
ꯁꯥꯐꯨ Shaphu Gemini Mithun
ꯋꯥꯏꯈꯨ Waikhu Cancer Karkat
ꯅꯣꯡꯁꯥ Nongsha Leo Singha
ꯅꯨꯔꯥ Nura Virgo Keina
ꯄꯥꯕꯣꯠ ꯆꯪ Pabot Chang Libra Tula
ꯇꯤꯂꯥꯏꯈꯣꯝꯕꯤ Tilaikhombi Scorpion Brisik
ꯂꯤꯔꯤ ꯇꯦꯟ Liri Ten Sagittarius Dhanu
ꯆꯤꯡꯂꯥꯏ Chinglai Capricorn Makar
ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯟ Ishing Pun Aquarius Kumbha
ꯉꯥ ꯄꯔꯦꯡ Nga Pareng Pisces Mina

See also

References

  1. ^ "Final Newsletter 7" (PDF). namami.gov.in (in English, Manipuri, and Sanskrit). p. 15, 16, 17.
  2. ^ "Final Newsletter 7" (PDF). namami.gov.in (in English, Manipuri, and Sanskrit). pp. 15–17.
  3. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  4. ^ Khumukcham, Rinku (2019-01-22). "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". News from Manipur - Imphal Times. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
  5. ^ "Final Newsletter 7" (PDF). namami.gov.in (in English, Manipuri, and Sanskrit). pp. 15–17.
  6. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  7. ^ Khumukcham, Rinku (2019-01-22). "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". News from Manipur - Imphal Times. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
  8. ^ "Final Newsletter 7" (PDF). namami.gov.in (in English, Manipuri, and Sanskrit). pp. 15–17.
  9. ^ Singh, Tayenjam Bijoykumar (2005). "Khomjong-nubi Nongkaron: the Pleiades ascending heaven: MANIPUR". India International Centre Quarterly. 32 (2/3): 30–32. ISSN 0376-9771. JSTOR 23006004.
  10. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  11. ^ Khumukcham, Rinku (2019-01-22). "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". News from Manipur - Imphal Times. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
  12. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  13. ^ Khumukcham, Rinku (2019-01-22). "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". News from Manipur - Imphal Times. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
  14. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  15. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  16. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  17. ^ Khumukcham, Rinku (2019-01-22). "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". News from Manipur - Imphal Times. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
  18. ^ "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". EP. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  19. ^ Khumukcham, Rinku (2019-01-22). "Scientific Knowledge as Reflected in the Manipuri Manuscript". News from Manipur - Imphal Times. Retrieved 2024-04-22.
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