The state designated M-140 in the early 1930s over a previous alignment of US 31 when that highway rerouted through the area. M-140 was extended from Watervliet to Niles a few years later. Changes were made to the routing of the trunkline in the 1950s and 1960s. The last change was made in 1972, resulting in the modern course for the highway.
Route description
M-140 starts at an intersection with M-139 near the St. Joseph River north of Niles and runs due north through farm fields. The trunkline jogs to the west near Steinbauer Lake before returning to the northerly course. There is another westerly jog along Pokagon Road around Riggins Lake. M-140 turns back northward and runs through the community of Berrien Center. Near Eau Claire, the highway turns bends along Maple Grove Road for about 1,000 feet (300 m) before going north on Watervliet Road. East of town, the trunkline follows Main Street eastward toward the Berrien–Cass county line. M-140 intersects the northern terminus of M-62 and curves north.[4][5]
In northern Berrien County, M-140 follows Watervliet Road to an interchange with Interstate 94 (I-94). The highway continues northward along Main Street into Watervliet, running through the middle of town and intersecting Red Arrow Highway, the former US 12. North of downtown, the trunkline curves through residential neighborhoods to the northeast around the east end of Paw Paw Lake. M-140 crosses into western Van Buren County about five miles (8.0 km) north of Watervliet. The highway crosses, and parallels, the Van Buren Trail in Covert. In South Haven Township, M-140 connects the South Haven Area Regional Airport with the I-196/US 31 freeway; north of this interchange, the highway continues as Business Loop I-196.[4][5]
M-140 is maintained by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) like other state highways in Michigan. MDOT's surveys in 2010 showed that the highest traffic levels along M-140 were the 10,176 vehicles daily near in Watervliet; the lowest count was 1,536 vehicles per day along Pokagon Road, on average.[6] All of M-140 is a two-lane, undivided highway, except sections in cities like Watervliet which may have up to four lanes.[4][5] No section of the trunkline has not been listed on the National Highway System,[7] a network of roads important to the country's economy, defense, and mobility.[8]
In 1931, the state transferred US 31 to a new routing between the St. Joseph and South Haven areas; in the process, the former route of US 31 between Watervliet and South Haven was redesignated as M-140.[14][2][3] The highway was extended southward from Watervliet to the Niles area in late 1934 due to heavy traffic on that section.[15][16][17] The concurrency between M-62 and M-140 was eliminated around the end of 1957 when the former highway was truncated to terminate east of Eau Claire instead of continuing west into town.[18][19] In 1958, the route north of Watervliet to the county line was realigned, smoothing several sharp curves.[20]
The construction of the I-196/US 31 freeway around the South Haven area impacted the northern terminus of M-140 in the 1960s. When it opened in 1963, BL I-196 was shown on maps as continuing north along M-140 into town to a junction with M-43.[21][22] In 1972, the business loop was rerouted, and M-140 was truncated to end at the freeway interchange south of town.[23][24]
^The Michigan State Highway Department was reorganized into the Michigan Department of State Highways and Transportation on August 23, 1973. The name was shortened to its current form in 1978.[10]
^ abMichigan State Highway Department & Rand McNally (April 1, 1932). Official Michigan Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:840,000]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § M8. OCLC12701053.
^ abcMichigan Department of Transportation (2014). Pure Michigan: State Transportation Map (Map). c. 1:975,000. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. §§ M8–N8. OCLC42778335, 900162490.
^Michigan Department of Transportation (April 23, 2006). National Highway System, Michigan(PDF) (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original(PDF) on October 4, 2012. Retrieved October 7, 2008.
^Michigan State Highway Department (July 1, 1919). State of Michigan (Map). Scale not given. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. Lower Peninsula sheet. OCLC15607244. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
^Michigan State Highway Department & Rand McNally (September 1, 1934). Official Michigan Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:850,000]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. §§ M8–N8. OCLC12701143.
^Michigan State Highway Department & Rand McNally (May 15, 1935). Official Michigan Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:850,000]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. §§ M8–N8. OCLC12701143.
^Michigan State Highway Department (October 1, 1957). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. §§ M7–M8. OCLC12701120, 367386492.
^Michigan State Highway Department (1958). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. §§ M7–M8. OCLC12701120, 51856742. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center. (Includes all changes through July 1, 1958)
^Michigan State Highway Department (1963). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § M7. OCLC12701120. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.
^Michigan State Highway Department (1964). Official Highway Map (Map). [c. 1:918,720]. Lansing: Michigan State Highway Department. § M7. OCLC12701120, 81213707. Retrieved October 17, 2019 – via Michigan History Center.