Little England Chapel

Little England Chapel
Little England Chapel is located in Virginia
Little England Chapel
Little England Chapel is located in the United States
Little England Chapel
Location4100 Kecoughtan Rd., Hampton, Virginia
Coordinates37°0′47″N 76°21′11″W / 37.01306°N 76.35306°W / 37.01306; -76.35306
AreaNewtown Community
Built1878
ArchitectHampton Institute Students
Websitehttps://www.littleenglandchapel.org/
NRHP reference No.82004564
VLR No.114-0040
Significant dates
Added to NRHPJuly 08, 1982[2]
Designated VLRJune 16, 1981[1]

Little England Chapel (originally called The Ocean Cottage Sunday School) was founded by George C. Rowe. A printer at Hampton Institute, Rowe began the Sunday school with three Newtown children, in a small section of his home.[3] The Sunday school became so popular that they needed more space to hold the Bible sessions.[4][5]

History

In 1869, Daniel F. Cock set aside a triangular plot of thirty-five acres divided into thirty-three lots to be sold to black persons. This area was named "Cock's Newtown. In March 1870, the first six lots were sold at fifty dollars each. The last was sold in 1910. During this same period, blacks also purchased lots of comparable size at the same price from Charles Smith, Edward Whitehouse, and William N. Armstrong, brother of Samuel Armstrong, Principal of Hampton Institute.[2] These lots were close to "Cock's Newtown" or close to the area where the Little England Chapel now stands. Subsequently, "Newtown" was applied to the entire black community.[2][5]

In 1878, a large open arbor was built with ten rows of seating for academic and Sunday School classes on the property of Daniel Cock. The number of attendees grew to over 500 – too many to be accommodated in the open arbor.[2] During that same summer Rowe met with William N. Armstrong, who offered the use of a small piece of land along Ivy Home Road, if the residents in the neighborhood would contribute toward the support of a day school teacher. The money was raised and the chapel opened in 1879. Students from Hampton Institute not only designed but built the school house. The work was overseen by William Armstrong.[4][5]

By 1886, the chapel had become self-supporting and had grown from three to seventy children. The children of the chapel participated in missionary work for the community. As late as 1910, students from the institute rowed across the Hampton River to teach classes.[4] In later years, they would travel by horse and buggy and the "School Chariot", a black shiny carriage drawn by two white horses. The students would serve as missionaries of the chapel for over fifty years.[4][5]

In 1954, Captian Fred Cock gave the property to the Newtown Improvement Club and Civic Club "to be used by the Congregation of the Newtown Improvement Club for non-denominational religious purposes."[6] In 1939, the Progressive Church of Jesus began holding regular services at the chapel. This continued until 1989, when the congregation then known as the Church of Jesus vacated the property.[7]

Restoration of the chapel began in 1992. An addition was added to the north side of the chapel in 1993. The exterior was completely refurbished in 2008.[7]

References

  1. ^ "Virginia Landmarks Register". Virginia Department of Historic Resources. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d "Final Nomination" (PDF). Virginia Department of Historic Resources. 1982. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  3. ^ "Little England Chapel-originally known as the Ocean Cottage Sunday School-built about 1879". Historic Hampton Roads, Inc. 2010. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  4. ^ a b c d "Our History". Little England Chapel Foundation. 2010. Archived from the original on August 20, 2011. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  5. ^ a b c d Shull, Carol D.; Savage, Beth L. (1994). African American historic places. Washington, D.C.: Preservation Press. p. 503. ISBN 0-471-14345-6.
  6. ^ Brown, Chester. "Religion's Special Role," chapter 3 of Hampton From the Sea to the Stars, 1610-1986., ed. James T. Stensvaag. Norfolk, VA: The Donning Company, 1985), 80, 83.
  7. ^ a b "Little England Chapel - History". www.littleenglandchapel.org. Retrieved December 22, 2024.