The following have been listed as variant names of the Potomac River throughout its history by the Geographic Names Information System. The Board on Geographic Names officially decided upon Potomac as its spelling in 1931.
Potomac River
- Cheneoow-quoquey
- Co-hon-go-roo-ta River
- Co-hon-go-ru-ta River
- Cohongaroota River
- Cohongoluta River
- Cohongoronta River
- Cohongoronto River
- Cohongoroota River
- Cohongorooto River
- Cohongoruton River
- Elisabeth River
- Elizabeth River
- Kahongoronton River
- Maryland River
- Pataromerke River
- Patawmack River
- Patawomeck River
- Patawomecke River
- Patawomek River
- Patawomeke River
- Patomack River
- Patomacke River
- Patomak River
- Patomake River
- Patomeck River
- Patomecke River
- Patomeke River
- Patoumak River
- Patowmack River
- Patowmacke River
- Patowmec River
- Patowmeck Flu
- Patowmeck River
- Patowomeck River
- Patowomek River
- Pawtomack River
- Pokomoach River
- Potamack River
- Potamak River
- Potawmack River
- Potomack River
- Potomacke River
- Potomak River
- Potomeack River
- Potomock River
- Potomoke River
- Potomuck River
- Potomucke River
- Potowmac River
- Potowmack River
- Potowmak River
- Potowomek River
- Pottomock River
- Powtowmac River
- Powtowmack River
- Quattaro
- Qui-o-riough River
- Quiriough River
- River Potowmack
- Saint Gregories River
- Saint Gregory River
- San Pedro River
- Satawomeck
- Turkey Bussard River
- Wappacomma River
North Branch Potomac River
- Cohongoronton
- Kahun-gulta
- North Branch
- North Branch Patamac River
- North Fork Potomac River
South Branch Potomac River
- South Branch of Potowmac River
- South Branch of the Potowmack River
- South Fork Potomac River
- Wapacomo River
- Wapocomo River
- Wappacoma River
- Wappatomaka River
- Wappatomica
