List of treaties by number of parties

This article contains a list of treaties by number of parties to the treaty. A "party" to a treaty is a state or other entity that ratifies, accedes to, approves, or succeeds to the treaty.[a]

General principles of ratification

In general, multilateral treaties are open to ratification by any state. Some treaties may also be ratified by supranational bodies, such as the European Union, and by other international organizations.

In practice, the depositary of a treaty will usually only recognise ratifications of the treaty that are performed by a state that is recognised as a state at international law. A state can be formally recognised as such by becoming a member of the United Nations; there are currently 193 member states of the United Nations. The only non-UN states that undoubtedly meet the standard of statehood are the Cook Islands and Niue, who have had their "full treaty-making capacity" recognised by the United Nations Secretariat.[1][2] The Holy See (Vatican City) is also widely recognised as being able to legitimately ratify treaties, and has been granted non-member observer state status by the UN General Assembly.[3][b] Following the UNGA passing a resolution granting non-member observer state status to the State of Palestine, the UNSG has begun to recognize its right to ratify treaties. Ratifications performed by other states with more limited recognition—such as Abkhazia, the Republic of Artsakh (Nagorno-Karabakh), the Republic of China (Taiwan), Kosovo, Northern Cyprus, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara), Somaliland, South Ossetia, and Transnistria—have usually not been recognised by treaty depositaries as states that can ratify treaties, although there are some exceptions to this general rule.

If a state party to a treaty denounces the treaty, the state (often after a certain period before the denunciation takes effect) is no longer a party to the treaty, although in some cases certain parts of the treaty may continue to apply.

Ratifications by defunct states

States change over time, and often a state that ratified a treaty will cease to exist. International law deals with this issue in two ways. First, it is possible for a state to be declared the successor state to the defunct state. In this situation, any ratifications performed by the defunct state are transferred to and attributed to the successor state. Examples of successor states are the Russian Federation (successor to the Soviet Union), People's Republic of China (successor to the mainland Republic of China), Serbia (successor to Serbia and Montenegro), Belarus (successor to the Byelorussian SSR), Ukraine (successor to the Ukrainian SSR), and Tanzania (successor to Tanganyika). It is possible for a single state to be the successor state of multiple states, as with Yemen being the successor state of both North Yemen and South Yemen.

Second, some states have no legal successor state but cease to exist; in such cases, the ratifications performed by the state are disregarded. In some cases, such states are subsumed into an existing state, as when East Germany merged into the Federal Republic of Germany, and when Zanzibar merged into Tanzania (at first United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar). In other cases, the defunct state is divided into two or more states, with none of the states being designated as the formal successor state. Examples of the latter situation include SFR Yugoslavia (now six independent states) and Czechoslovakia (now two independent states). In this situation, the new states usually declare which treaties the defunct state ratified continue to have force for the new state. Such a declaration is regarded as a "ratification" by the new state.[c]

For purposes of the numbers in this list, only ratifications, accessions, or successions of currently existing states are considered. No regard is given to ratifications by defunct states that have no current successor state.

Maximum limits to ratification numbers

Due to these limitations, in 2021, the maximum number of state ratifications that a multilateral treaty can have is 198; this total consists of all 193 UN member states; both UN observer states, the Holy See (Vatican City) and the State of Palestine; as well as the Cook Islands, Niue, and Kosovo (member states of eight, five, and two UN specialized agencies respectively). If supranational or other international organizations ratify the treaty, the total number of ratifications may exceed 198.

When a treaty is ratified by nearly all recognized states in the world, the legal principles contained in the treaty may become customary international law. Customary international law applies to all states, whether or not the state has ratified a treaty that enshrines the principle. There is no set number of ratifications that are required to convert a treaty's principles into customary international law, and states and experts often disagree on what principles have and have not attained the status.

List of treaties by number of parties

Below is the list of treaties by number of parties. Only treaties with a minimum of 170 parties are included.

Treaty[4] Year concluded Topic UN[d] Non-UN[e] States[f] Other[g] Total[h] Non-parties[i]
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer[5] 1985 Environment (ozone depletion) 193 4
 197 1
(EU) 		198 —
Montreal Protocol[6] 1987 Environment (ozone depletion) 193 4
 197 1
(EU) 		198[j] —
UN Framework Convention on Climate Change[7] 1992 Environment (climate change) 193 4
 197 1
(EU) 		198 —
UN Convention to Combat Desertification[8] 1994 Environment (desertification) 193 3
 196 1
(EU) 		197 VAT
Geneva Conventions: First,[9] Second,[10] Third,[11] Fourth[12] 1949 International humanitarian law 193 3
 196 0 196 NIU[k]
Convention on the Rights of the Child[13] 1989 Human rights 192 4
 196 0 196 USA
Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage[14] 1972 Cultural and natural heritage 192 4
 196 0 196 LIE
Convention on Biological Diversity[15] 1992 Environment (species preservation; sustainable development) 192 3
 195 1
(EU) 		196 VAT, USA
Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation[16] 1945 Organizational (UNESCO); education; science; culture 192 3
 195 0 195[l] VAT, LIE
Constitution of the Food and Agriculture Organization[17][18] 1945 Organizational (FAO); agriculture; food 192 2
 194 1
(EU) 		195 VAT, LIE, PSE
Paris Agreement[19] 2015 Environment (climate change) 190 4
 194 1
(EU) 		195 IRN, LBY, YEM
Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union[20] 1865/1992[21] Organizational (ITU); telecommunications 193 1
(VAT) 		194 0 194 COK, NIU, PSE
Constitution of the World Health Organization[22] 1946 Organizational (WHO); health 192 2
 194 0 194 VAT, LIE, PSE
United Nations Charter[23] 1945 Organizational (UN); pacific settlement of disputes 193 0 193 0 193 COK, VAT, NIU, PSE
Chemical Weapons Convention[24] 1992 Organizational (OPCW); international humanitarian law; arms control 189 4
 193 0 193 EGY, ISR, PRK, SSD
Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation[25] 1944 Organizational (ICAO); air transport 192 1
(COK) 		193 0 193 VAT, LIE,[m] NIU, PSE
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations[26] 1961 Privileges and immunities; diplomatic relations 191 2
 193 0 193 COK, NIU, PLW, SSD
WIPO Convention[27] 1967 Organizational (WIPO); intellectual property 190 3
 193 0 193 FSM, PLW, PSE, SSD
Constitution of the International Criminal Police Organization[28] 1923/1956[n] Organizational (Interpol); law enforcement cooperation 191 2
 193 0 193[o] COK,[p] NIU, PRK, TUV
Kyoto Protocol[30] 1997 Environment (climate change) 189 2
 191 1
(EU) 		192 AND, CAN,[q] VAT, PSE, SSD, USA
UN Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances[31] 1988 Drug control 187 4
 191 1
(EU) 		192 GNQ, KIR, PNG, SLB, SOM, TUV
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime[32] 2000 Organized crime; international criminal law 187 4
 191 1
(EU) 		192 COG, IRN, PNG, SLB, SOM, TUV
International Convention Against Doping in Sport[33] 2005 Doping in sport 190 2
 192 0 192 AFG, GNB, LIE, NIU, VAT
Basel Convention[34] 1992 Environmental (hazardous waste disposal) 188 2
 190 1
(EU) 		191 TLS, FJI, HTI, VAT, NIU, SSD, USA
United Nations Convention against Corruption[35] 2003 International criminal law 186 4
 190 1
(EU) 		191 AND, ERI, MCO, PRK, VCT, SMR, SYR
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities[36] 2006 Human rights 188 2
 190 1
(EU) 		191 ERI, VAT, LBN, NIU, TJK, TON, USA
Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund[37] 1944 Organizational (IMF); international development 190 1
(UNK) 		191 0 191 COK, CUB,[q] VAT, MCO, NIU, PRK, PSE
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons[38] 1968 Arms control 188[r] 2
 190[r] 0 190[r] COK, IND, ISR, NIU, PRK,[r] PAK, SSD
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism[40] 1999 Terrorism 187 3
 190 0 190 BDI, TCD, ERI, IRN, PSE, SOM, TUV
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women[41] 1979 Human rights 187 2
 189 0 189 VAT, IRN, PLW, NIU, SOM, SDN, TON, USA
Articles of Agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development[42] 1944 Organizational (IBRD); international development 188 1
(UNK) 		189 0 189 AND, COK, CUB,[q] VAT, LIE, MCO, NIU, PRK, PSE
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation[43] 1971 Aviation; terrorism 186 2
 188 0 188 TLS, ERI, VAT, KIR, PSE, SMR, SOM, SSD, TUV
Constitution of the Universal Postal Union[44] 1964 Organizational (UPU); postal 186[s] 1
(VAT) 		187[s] 0 187[s] AND, DOM, HND, MHL, FSM, PLW, PSE, SDN
Constitution of the International Labour Organization[51] 1919/1945[t] Organizational (ILO); labour 186 1 (COK) 187 0 187 AND, BHU, VAT, LIE, FSM, MCO, NIU, PRK, NRU, PSE
Convention of the World Meteorological Organization[52] 1950 Meteorology 185 2
 187 0 187[u] GNQ, GRD, LIE, MHL, PLW, KNA, VCN, SMR, PSE, VAT
Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention[54] 1999 Human rights; labour 186 1 (COK) 187 0 187
Tokyo Convention[55] 1969 Terrorism, air transport 185 2
 187 0 187 DMA, TLS, ERI, VAT, KIR, FSM, PSE, SOM, SSD, TUV
Biological Weapons Convention[56] 1972 International humanitarian law; arms control 183 4
 187 0 187 TCD, COM, DJI, ERI, EGY, HTI, ISR, KIR, SOM, SYR
Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs[57] 1961 Drug control 184 2
 186 0 186 TCD, COK, TLS, GNQ, KIR, NRU, WSM, SSD, TUV, VUT
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants[58] 2001 Environmental (persistent organic pollutants) 182 3
 185 1
(EU) 		186 AND, BTN, BRN, TLS, HTI, VAT, ISR, MYS, SMR, SSD, TKM, USA
Articles of Agreement of the International Finance Corporation[59] 1955 Organizational (IFC); international development 185 1
(UNK) 		186 0 186 AND,[v] COK,[v] CUB,[q][v] VAT,[v] LIE,[v] MCO,[v] NRU,[v] NIU,[v] PRK,[v] PSE, SMR, VCT
Hague Hijacking Convention[60] 1970 Terrorism, air transport 183 2
 185 0 185 BDI, TLS, ERI, VAT, KIR, FSM, PSE, SMR, SLB, SOM, SSD, TUV
International Plant Protection Convention[61] 1951 Agricultural (pest protection) 182 2
 184 1
(EU) 		185
Convention on Psychotropic Substances[62] 1971 Drug control 182 2
 184 0 184 COK, TLS, GNQ, HTI, KIR, LBR, NRU, WSM, SLB, SSD, TUV, VUT
CITES[63] 1973 Environmental (species preservation) 183 0 183 1
(EU) 		184 COK, HTI, KIR, MHL, FSM, NIU, NRU, PRK, PSE, SSD, TLS, TKM, TUV, VAT
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control[64] 2003 Health 180 2
 182 1
(EU) 		183
Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage[65] 2003 Cultural heritage 181 2
 183 0 183
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations[66] 1963 Privileges and immunities; diplomatic relations 180 2
 182 0 182
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination[67] 1969 Human rights 180 2
 182 0 182
Convention establishing the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency[68] 1985 Organizational (MIGA); international development 181 1
(UNK) 		182 0 182
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children[69] 2000 Human rights; international criminal law (human trafficking) 180 1 (PSE) 181 1
(EU) 		182
Convention establishing a Customs Co-operation Council[70] 1950 Organizational (WCO); customs 180 (UNK|PSE) 182 0[w] 182[x]
Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works[72] 1886 Intellectual property (copyright) 178 3
 181 0 181
Forced Labour Convention[73] 1930 Human rights; labour 180 1
(COK) 		181 0 181
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents[74] 1973 Anti-terrorism; privileges and immunities; diplomatic relations 177 3
 180 0 180
Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property[75] 1883 Intellectual property 179 1
(VAT) 		180 0 180
Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency[76] 1956 Peaceful use of nuclear energy 178 2
 180 0 180 [y]
Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development[77] 1976 Organizational (IFAD); development 178 2
 180 0 180
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography[78] 2000 Human rights 176 2
 178 0 178
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty[79] 1996 (not in force) Arms control 175 3
 178 0 178[z] [aa]
Abolition of Forced Labour Convention[80] 1957 Human rights; labour 175 1
(COK) 		176 0 176 [ab]
International Convention against the Taking of Hostages[81] 1979 Terrorism 175 1
(NIU) 		176 0 176
Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation[82] 1988 aviation; terrorism 174 2
 176 0 176
Minimum Age Convention, 1973[83] 1973 Human rights; labour 176 0 176 0 176
Convention on the International Maritime Organization[84][85] 1948 Organizational (IMO); admiralty law; law of the sea 175 1
(COK) 		176 0 176
Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention[86] 1958 Human rights; labour 175 0 175 0 175
Constitution of the International Organization for Migration[87] 1953 Migration 173 2
 175 0 175[ac]
Articles of Agreement of the International Development Association[89] 1960 Organizational (IDA); international development 174 1
(UNK) 		175 0 175
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment[90] 1984 Human rights 173 2
 175 0 175
Protocol I[91] 1977 International humanitarian law 171 3
 174 0 174
Equal Remuneration Convention[92] 1951 Human rights; labour 174 0 174 0 174
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights[93] 1966 Human rights 173 1
(PSE) 		174 0 174
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety[94] 2000 Environment (species preservation; biological technology) 170 2
 172 1
(EU) 		173
Optional Protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict[95] 2000 Human rights 171 2
 173 0 173
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights[96] 1976 Human rights 172 1
(PSE) 		173 0 173
Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat[97] 1971 Environment (species preservation; waterfowl; wetlands) 172 0 172 0 172
Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards[98] 1958 International arbitration 169 3
 172 0 172
Constitution of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization[99] 1979 Organizational (UNIDO); international development 171 1
(PSE) 		172 0 172[ad]
International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings[101] 1997 Terrorism 169 1
(NIU) 		170 0 170
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea[102] 1982 law of the sea 166 3
 169 1
(EU) 		170

Notes

  1. ^ For simplicity, this article uses "ratify" to mean "ratify, accedes to, approves, or succeeds to".
  2. ^ For simplicity, this article treats the Holy See as a state rather than as a non-state organization.
  3. ^ Similar declarations may be made by states that result from the division of a defunct state when there is a formal successor state. For instance, when Serbia and Montenegro divided into Serbia and Montenegro, Serbia was designated as the successor state. Upon division, Montenegro made declarations as to which treaties ratified by Serbia and Montenegro remain in force for Montenegro.
  4. ^ Total number of UN member states that are party to the treaty.
  5. ^ Total number of non–UN member states that are party to the treaty.
  6. ^ Total number of states that are party to the treaty.
  7. ^ Total number of non-states, such as supranational or other international organizations, that are party to the treaty.
  8. ^ Total number of parties to the treaty.
  9. ^ Identity of the states that are not parties to the treaty that could become party to the treaty (including states that have denounced the treaty)
  10. ^ The London, Copenhagen, Montreal and Beijing Amendments have also been ratified by 197 parties (excluding Palestine).
  11. ^ By its Geneva Conventions Act 1958, Niue considers New Zealand's ratification of the Geneva Conventions to cover its territory.
  12. ^ However, Israel withdrew from UNESCO on 31 December 2018.
  13. ^ Switzerland made the following declaration upon ratification: "My Government has instructed me to notify you that the authorities in Switzerland have agreed with the authorities in the Principality of Liechtenstein that this Convention will be applicable to the territory of the Principality as well as to that of the Swiss Confederation, as long as the Treaty of 29 March 1923 integrating the whole territory of Liechtenstein with the Swiss customs territory will remain in force".
  14. ^ The International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC) was created in 1923. It became the International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO) with the new Constitution adopted in 1956.
  15. ^ In addition, Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten are full members of Interpol, making the total number of members 196.
  16. ^ The Cook Islands inquired about becoming a member in 1996. According to Interpol, this inquiry was turned down by the Secretary General of the organization because the territory didn't enjoy "full legal capacity".[29]
  17. ^ a b c d Ratified the treaty but has subsequently denounced it and withdrawn.
  18. ^ a b c d Not including North Korea, which ratified the treaty but subsequently denounced it. There is disagreement among the parties to the treaty whether North Korea's withdrawal was in conformity with the terms of the treaty.[39]
  19. ^ a b c The UPU recognises the membership of 192 parties.[45] From 1874 to 1964, membership in the Universal Postal Union was governed by the Treaty of Bern. On 10 July 1964, the UPU incorporated the Treaty of Bern into a new Constitution of the UPU, which is now the governing treaty that is ratified when a state joins the UPU. Included as UPU members are two "joint memberships" for dependent territories (one for the British Overseas Territories and one for the Caribbean constituent countries (Dutch: landen) of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten), originally as Netherlands Antilles). Dependent territories are not permitted to ratify the UPU Constitution, but because the Treaty of Bern allowed for dependencies to join the UPU,[46] listing these members separately as "Colonies, Protectorates, etc.",[47] the Constitution of the Universal Postal Union grandfathered them when membership was restricted to sovereign states.[48][49] However, neither the British nor the Dutch entities ratified the Treaty of Bern separate from the ratifications of the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of the Netherlands, respectively. Also included as members are three states which were party to the Treaty of Bern in 1964, and hence members of the UPU, and which have signed but never ratified the Constitution: the Dominican Republic, Honduras, and the Sudan.[50] These states are deemed to have "tacitly ratified" the agreement due to their continued participation in the UPU.[46]
  20. ^ The Constitution of the ILO was originally part of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. Since 1919, the Constitution has been amended a number of times, most significantly in 1945–46, when the ILO became a specialized agency of the United Nations.
  21. ^ In addition, six dependent territories or groups of territories (the "British Caribbean Territories" (joint membership), French Polynesia, Hong Kong, Macau, Curaçao and Sint Maarten (joint membership) and New Caledonia) are full members of the WMO. The article 3 of its Convention allows territories or groups of territories to become members of the WMO if they maintain their own meteorological service.[53]
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i Prior to ratifying this treaty, the state would have to ratify the Articles of Agreement of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, since only IBRD member states may ratify this agreement.
  23. ^ An amendment allowing accession by regional organizations and customs territories has not entered into force
  24. ^ The depositary (Government of Belgium) has registered 4 more parties, as it includes the dependent territories of Bermuda, Netherlands Antilles, Hong Kong, and Macau.[71]
  25. ^ North Korea ratified the IAEA Statute in 1974, but denounced it in 1994.[76]
  26. ^ Treaty has not entered into force.
  27. ^ Russia ratified the treaty, but withdrew prior to its entry into force.
  28. ^ Malaysia and Singapore ratified the Convention, but denounced it subsequently.
  29. ^ Moreover, Bahrain, Bhutan, Indonesia, Kuwait, Malaysia, Qatar, San Marino and Saudi Arabia are Observer States.[88]
  30. ^ However, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Greece, Lithuania, New Zealand, Portugal, Slovakia, the United Kingdom and the United States denounced the treaty.[100]

References

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  3. ^ "Non-member States". United Nations. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
  4. ^ "Treaties deposited with the Secretary-General close to universal participation" (PDF). United Nations. 2016-05-27. Retrieved 2016-09-08.
  5. ^ Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer: Treaty status.
  6. ^ Montreal Protocol: Treaty status.
  7. ^ UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: Treaty status.
  8. ^ UN Convention to Combat Desertification: Treaty status.
  9. ^ "Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention pour l'amélioration du sort des blessés et des malades dans les forces armées en campagne" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
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  11. ^ "Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention relative au traitement des prisonniers de guerre" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
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  13. ^ Convention on the Rights of the Child: Treaty status.
  14. ^ Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage: Treaty status.
  15. ^ Convention on Biological Diversity: Treaty status.
  16. ^ Constitution of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation: Treaty status.
  17. ^ Acte constitutif de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’Alimentation et l’Agriculture (FAO): Etats membres.
  18. ^ Membership of FAO.
  19. ^ Paris Agreement: Treaty status
  20. ^ ITU Member States.
  21. ^ In 1992, the Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union replaced and succeeded the 1865 International Telegraph Convention as the founding document of the ITU.
  22. ^ Constitution of the World Health Organization: Treaty status.
  23. ^ United Nations Charter: Treaty status.
  24. ^ Chemical Weapons Convention: Treaty status.
  25. ^ Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation: Treaty status.
  26. ^ Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations: Treaty status.
  27. ^ WIPO Convention: Treaty status.
  28. ^ Interpol Member countries .
  29. ^ Interpol Membership - Historical Perspective
  30. ^ Kyoto Protocol: Treaty status.
  31. ^ UN Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances: Treaty status.
  32. ^ United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime: Treaty status.
  33. ^ International Convention against Doping in Sport: Treaty status.
  34. ^ Basel Convention: Treaty status.
  35. ^ United Nations Convention against Corruption: Treaty status.
  36. ^ Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Treaty status.
  37. ^ International Monetary Fund: List of members.
  38. ^ Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons: Treaty status.
  39. ^ "Democratic People's Republic of Korea: Accession to Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT)". United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs. Retrieved 2013-03-01.
  40. ^ International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism: Treaty status.
  41. ^ Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Treaty status.
  42. ^ IBRD Members.
  43. ^ Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation: Treaty status.
  44. ^ List of member countries of the Universal Postal Union
  45. ^ Universal Postal Union: Member countries.
  46. ^ a b "Constitution General Regulations" (PDF). Universal Postal Union. 2010. pp. XII. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-05. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  47. ^ "Universal Postal Convention". Universal Postal Union. 1952-07-11. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
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  51. ^ International Labour Organization: Member States.
  52. ^ WMO Member States.
  53. ^ Basic Documents of the World Meteorological Organization.
  54. ^ Ratifications of C182 – Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182).
  55. ^ Tokyo Convention: Treaty status.
  56. ^ Biological Weapons Convention: Treaty status.
  57. ^ Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs: Treaty status.
  58. ^ Stockholm Convention: Treaty status.
  59. ^ International Finance Corporation: Members.
  60. ^ Hague Hijacking Convention: Treaty status.
  61. ^ International Plant Protection Convention: Treaty status.
  62. ^ Convention on Psychotropic Substances: Treaty status.
  63. ^ Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora: Member countries.
  64. ^ WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: Treaty status.
  65. ^ Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage: State Parties.
  66. ^ Vienna Convention on Consular Relations: Treaty status.
  67. ^ International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination: Treaty status.
  68. ^ Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency: Members.
  69. ^ Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children: Treaty status.
  70. ^ Convention establishing a Customs Co-operation Council: ratifications and accessions.
  71. ^ Convention portant création d'un conseil de coopération douanière et annexe, faites à Bruxelles le 15 décembre 1950.
  72. ^ Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works: Treaty status.
  73. ^ Ratifications of C029 – Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29).
  74. ^ Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents: Treaty status.
  75. ^ Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property: Treaty status.
  76. ^ a b "List of Member States". International Atomic Energy Agency. 2018-04-30. Retrieved 2018-05-22.
  77. ^ Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development: Treaty status.
  78. ^ Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography: Treaty status.
  79. ^ Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Treaty Status
  80. ^ Ratifications of C105 – Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105).
  81. ^ International Convention against the Taking of Hostages: Treaty status.
  82. ^ Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports serving International Civil Aviation: Treaty status.
  83. ^ Ratifications of C138 – Minimum Age Convention, 1973 (No. 138).
  84. ^ Convention on the International Maritime Organization: Treaty status.
  85. ^ International Maritime Organization: Member states.
  86. ^ Ratifications of C111 - Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111).
  87. ^ IOM Member States.
  88. ^ IOM Observer States.
  89. ^ International Development Association: Members.
  90. ^ Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment: Treaty status.
  91. ^ "Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés internationaux (Protocole I)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2022-10-02.
  92. ^ Ratifications of C100 - Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951 (No. 100).
  93. ^ International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Treaty Status
  94. ^ Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety: Treaty status.
  95. ^ Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict: Treaty status.
  96. ^ International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Treaty status
  97. ^ Ramsar Convention: Contracting Parties
  98. ^ Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards: Treaty status.
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