This is a list of Russian ships of the line from the period 1668–1860:
The format is: Name, number of guns (rank/real amount), launch year (A = built in Arkhangelsk), fate (service = combat service, BU = broken up)
Russian-built battleships
Early Russian Ships of the Line
Oryol 22 guns ("Орёл", launched May 1668, Caspian Sea) – Captured and badly burnt by Razin's rebels 1670, thereafter left to rot. Considered as the first Russian European-type large ship of war and by tradition related to the line-of-battleships.
Mars 30 ("Марс", 1692, training vessel on Lake Pleshcheyevo) – Discarded 1723, burnt 1783
The first two vessels, while the first major warships of the Sea of Azov fleet (built at Voronezh), were in effect frigates, with their single battery of guns on the upper deck. They were designed for both sailing and rowing, and each had 15 pairs of oarports on the lower deck. They participated in the second Azov campaign (1696) but by 1710 they were derelict.
Apostol Piotr 36 ("Апостол Пётр", April 1696) (sailing & rowing) – Abandoned at Azov to Turkey 1711
Apostol Pavel 36 ("Апостол Павел", April 1696) (sailing & rowing) – Abandoned at Azov to Turkey 1711
Kolokol (Klok – "Колокол", "Клок") 46 (1697) – BU 1710
Liliya 36 ("Лилия", 1699) – BU 1710
Bababan (Trummel – "Барабан", "Трумель") 36 (1699) – BU 1710
Tri Riumki (Drie Rumor – "Три рюмки", "Дри рюмор") 36 (1699) – BU 1710
Stul 36 ("Стул", 1699) – BU 1710
Vesy 36 ("Весы", 1699) – BU 1710
Yiozh (Igel – "Ёж", "Игель") 40 (1700) – BU 1710
6 anonymous 6-gun ships (1699) – Converted to provision vessels 1701, BU 1710
Merkurii (Mercurius – "Меркурий", "Меркуриус") 22 (1699) – BU 1716
Lev (Lev s sableyu – "Лев", "Лев с саблею") 44 (1699) – BU after 1710
Yedinorog (Ein horn – "Единорог", "Ейн-горн") 44 (1699) – BU after 1710
Gerkules 52 ("Геркулес", 1699) – BU 1710
Vinogradnaya Vetv‘ (Wijn stok – "Виноградная ветвь", "Вейн-шток") 58 (1702) – BU after 1710
Miach (Bal – "Мяч", "Бал") 54 (1702) – BU after 1710
Krepost‘ (Zamok, Kastel‘, Citadel‘, Stargeit – "Крепость", "Замок", "Кастель", "Ситадель", "Старгейт") 52 (1699) – Sailed to Constantinople in 1699–1700 with ambassador Emelian Ukraintsev who managed the Treaty of Constantinople (1700), delivered to Turkey 1711
Skorpion 52 ("Скорпион", 1699) – Flagship of admiral Fyodor Alexeyevich Golovin during Kerch Expediniton 1699, last mentioned 1700
Flag 52 ("Флаг", 1699) – Burnt 1709
Zvezda (Starn, Zolotaya Zvezda, De Goude Starn – "Звезда", "Штарн", "Золотая Звезда", "Дегоудестарн") 52 (1699) – BU 1709
Shtandart 28 ("Штандарт", 1703) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU 1730
Shlissel‘burg-class (7 units)
All built at Olonetskaya Shipyard.
Shlissel‘burg 28/24 ("Шлиссельбург", 1704) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU after 1710
Kronshlot 28/24 ("Кроншлот", 1704) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU after 1710
Peterburg 28/24 ("Петербург", 1704) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU after 1710
Triumf 28/24 ("Триумф", 1704) – Converted to fire-ship 1710
Dorpat 28/24 ("Дерпт", 1704) – Converted to fire-ship 1710
Narva 28/24 ("Нарва", 1704) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU after 1710
Fligel‘-de-Fam 28/24 ("Флигель-де-Фам", 1704) – Flagship of vice-admiral Cornelius Cruys at the Kronstadt defence 1705 during the Great Northern War, converted to fire-ship 1710
Mikhail Arkhangel-class (2 units)
Both built at Syass'kaya Shipyard
Mikhail Arkhangel 28 ("Михаил Архангел", 1704) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU after 1710
Ivan-gorod 28 ("Иван-город", 1705) – Reclassified to 28-gun frigate 1710, BU after 1710
Olifant 32 ("Олифант", 1705) – Reclassified to 36-gun frigate 1710, BU 1712
Dumkrakht 32 ("Думкрат", 1707) – Reclassified to 36-gun frigate 1710, BU 1713
Riga-class (4 units)
Riga 50 ("Рига", 1710) – BU 1721
Vyborg 50 ("Выборг", 1710) – Wrecked and burnt to prevent capture 1713
Pernov 50 ("Пернов", 1711) – BU 1721
anonymous 50 (1711) – Wrecked 1712
Poltava 54 ("Полтава", 1712) – BU 1732
Gavriil-class (3 units)
Gavriil 52 ("Гаврил", 1713, A) – BU 1721
Rafail 52 ("Рафаил", 1713, A) – BU 1724
Arkhangel Mikhail 54 ("Архангел Михаил", 1713, A) – BU 1722
Shlissel‘burg 60 ("Шлиссельбург", 1714) – BU after 1736
Narva 60 ("Нарва", 1714) – Lightning 1715 (lost 318 men)
Ingermanland 64 ("Ингерманланд", 1715) – memorial ship 1724, BU after 1739. Ingermanland is a Russian tsar sailing battleship. It marks the beginning of Russia's great plan for ship construction. It was constructed in 1712, launched in 1715 and became the flagship of Peter the Great in the campaigns of 1716 and 1721 during the Great Northern War. It has a 46.02 meter and 12.8 meter wide deck and 5.56 meter hull height.
Uriil-class (4 units)
Uriil 52 ("Уриил", 1715, A) – Sold for BU in Amsterdam 1722
Varakhail 52 ("Варахаил", 1715, A) – BU 1724
Selafail 52 ("Селафаил", 1715, A) – BU 1724
Yagudiil 52 ("Ягудиил", 1715, A) – Sold for BU in Amsterdam 1722
Sviatoi Aleksandr 70/76 ("Святой Александр", 1717) – Flagship of admiral Zakhar Mishukov at Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743) in 1742, BU after 1746
Revel‘ 68 ("Ревель", 1717) – BU 1732
Neptunus 70/78 ("Нептунус", 1718) – BU 1732
Lesnoye 90 ("Лесное", 1718) – Damaged at the storm and BU 1741
Gangut 90/92 ("Гангут", 1719) – BU 1736
Isaak-Viktoriya-class (2 units)
Isaak-Viktoriya 66 ("Исаак-Виктория", 1719) – BU after 1739
Astrakhan‘ 66 ("Астрахань", 1720) – BU 1736
Nord-Adler-class (2 units)
Nord-Adler 80/88 ("Норд-Адлер", 1720) – BU after 1740
Sviatoi Andrei 80/88 ("Святой Андрей", 1721) – BU after 1740
Friedrichstadt 90/96 ("Фридрихштадт", 1720) – BU 1736
Sviatoi Piotr 80/88 ("Святой Пётр", 1720) – BU 1736
Fridemaker 80/88 ("Фридемакер", 1721) – BU 1736
Sviataya Ekaterina 66/70 ("Святая Екатерина", 1721) – BU 1736
Panteleimon-Viktoriya 66 ("Пантелеймон-Виктория", 1721) – BU 1736
Sankt-Mikhail-class (4 units)
All four built at St Petersburg.
Sankt-Mikhail 54 ("Санкт-Михаил", 1723) – BU after 1739
Rafail 54 ("Рафаил", 1724) – BU after 1739
Ne Tron‘ Menia (also Noli me tangere – "Не тронь меня") 54 (1725) – BU after 1739
Riga 54 ("Рига", 1729) – Converted to hospital ship 1746
Derbent 64/66 ("Дербент", 1724) – BU after 1739
Narva 64/66 ("Нарва", 1725) – BU after 1739
Sviataya Natal'ya 66 ("Святая Наталья", 1727) – BU 1739
Novaya Nadezhda 54 ("Новая Надежда", 1730) – BU 1747
Gorod Arkhangel‘sk 54 ("Город Архангельск", 1735, A) – BU 1749
Severnaya Zvezda 54 ("Северная Звезда", 1735, A) – BU 1749
Neptunus 54 ("Нептунус", 1736, A) – BU after 1750
Azov 54 ("Азов", 1736) – BU 1752
Astrakhan‘ 54 ("Астрахань", 1736) – BU 1752
Sviatoi Andrei 54 ("Святой Андрей", 1737, A) – VU after 1752
Kronshtadt 54 ("Кронштадт", 1738, A) – BU 1755
Sviatoi Panteleimon 54 ("Святой Пантелеймон", 1740) – BU 1756
Sviatoi Isaakii 54 ("Святой Исаакий", 1740, A) – BU 1756
Sviatoi Nikolai 54 ("Святой Николай", 1748, A) – Renamed Sviatoy Nikolay vtotoy ("Святой Николай второй") 1754, BU after 1762
Varakhiil 54 ("Варахиил", 1749, A) – Wrecked 1749
Shlissel‘burg 54 ("Шлиссельбург", 1752, A) – BU 1765
Varakhiil 54 ("Варахиил", 1752, A) – BU 1763
Neptunus 54 ("Нептунус", 1758, A) – Discarded 1771
Gorod Arkhangel‘sk 54 ("Город Архангельск", 1761, A) – BU after 1774
Aziya 54 ("Азия", 1768, A) – Lost in Aegean Sea 1773 (lost 439 men)
Slava Rossii-class (59 units)
Slava Rossii 66 ("Слава России", 1733) – BU 1752
Severnyi Oryol 66 ("Северный Орёл", 1735) – BU 1763
Revel‘ 66 ("Ревель", 1735) – BU 1752
Ingermanland 66 ("Ингерманланд", 1735) – BU 1752
Osnovaniye Blagopoluchiya 66 ("Основание Благополучия", 1736) – BU 1752
Leferm 66 ("Леферм", 1739, A) – BU 1756
Schastiye 66 ("Счастие") (ex-Generalissimus Rossiyskiy ("Генералиссимус Российский") – renamed on slip) (1741, A) – BU 1756
Blagopoluchiye 66 ("Благополучие") (ex-Pravitel'nitsa Rossiyskaya ("Правительница Российская") – renamed on slip) (1741, A) – Converted to harbour lighter 1744, BU 1748
Sviatoi Piotr 66 ("Святой Пётр") (ex-Ioann ("Иоанн")- renamed on slip) (1741) – Flagship of admiral count Nikolai Golovin at Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743) in 1743, BU 1756
Sviataia Ekaterina 66 ("Святая Екатерина", 1742, A) – BU 1756
Fridemaker 66 ("Фридемакер", 1742, A) – BU 1756
Lesnoi 66 ("Лесной", 1743, A) – BU 1759
Poltava 66 ("Полтава", 1743, A) – BU 1756
Arkhangel Rafail 66 ("Архангел Рафаил", 1744, A) – BU 1758
Sviatoi Nikolai 80 ("Святой Николай", 1754) – Flagship of admiral Zakhar Mishukov in 1758 during the Seven Years' War, BU 1769
Sviatoi Pavel 80 ("Святой Павел", 1755) – Flagship of admiral Zakhar Mishukov in 1757 during the Seven Years' War, BU 1769
Sviatoi Andrei Pervozvannyi 80 ("Святой Андрей Первозванный", 1758) – BU 1785
Sviatoi Kliment Papa Rimskii 80 ("Святой Климент Папа Римский", 1758) – Flagship of admiral Andrey Polianskiy in 1760 during the Seven Years' War, BU 1780
Kir Ioann ("Кир Иоанн") (ex-Friedrich Rex ("Фридрих Карл") – renamed on slip) 80 (1762) – Discarded after 1769
Sviataya Ekaterina ("Святая Екатерина") (ex-Prinz Georg ("Принц Георг") – renamed on slip) 80 (1762) – Discarded after 1769
Sviatoslav 80 ("Святослав", 1769) – Cut down as 2-decker 72-gun battleship in England 1769, flagship (3rd flag) at the Battle of Chesma (1770), wrecked and scuttled to prevent capture 1770
Ches‘ma (also Sviatoi Ioann Krestitel‘ – "Чесьма" or "Святой Иоанн Креститель") 80 (1770) – BU 1781
Zakharii i Elisavet 100 ("Захарий и Елисавет", 1748) – BU 1759
Sviatoi Dmitrii Rostovskii 100 ("Святой Дмитрий Ростовский", 1758) – Flagship of admiral Zakhar Mishukov in 1760 during the Seven Years' War, BU 1772
Sviatoi Velikomuchenik Isidor-class (2 units)
Sviatoi Velikomuchenik Isidor 74 ("Святой Великомученик Исидор") (ex-Chesma ("Чесма") – renamed on slip) (1772) – BU 1784
Rafail 80/82 ("Рафаил", 1800) – Interned by Britain 1808 and non released
Zachatiye Sviatoi Anny 74 ("Зачатие Святой Анны", 1800) – BU 1810
Arkhistratig Mikhail 72/64 ("Архистратиг Михаил", 1800) – Converted to transport vessel 1813, BU 1817
Gavriil 100 ("Гавриил", 1802) – BU 1819
Uriil 80 ("Уриил", 1802) – Sold to France in Trieste 1809
Selafail-class (23 units)
Selafail 74 ("Селафаил", 1803) – Flagship of vice-admiral Dmitry Senyavin during the Adriatic Sea Campaign (1806), interned by Britain 1808, released and sold to Britain 1813
Sil‘nyi 74 ("Сильный", 1804, A) – Interned by Britain 1808, released 1813, BU 1819
Oriol 74 ("Орёл", 1807, A) – BU 1833
Severnaya Zvezda 74 ("Северная Звезда", 1807, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), BU 1827
Borei 74 ("Борей", 1807, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), BU 1829
Ne Tron‘ Menia 74 ("Не тронь меня", 1809, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), BU 1828
Triokh Ierarkhov 74 ("Трёх Иерархов", 1809, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), hulked as depot 1827
Sviatoslav 74 ("Святослав", 1809, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), BU 1828
Nord-Adler 74 ("Норд-Адлер", 1811, A) – Sold to Spain 1818, renamed España, stricken 1821
Prints Gustav 74 ("Принц Густав", 1811, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), BU 1827
Berlin 74 ("Берлин", 1813, A) – Hulked as depot 1827
Gamburg 74 ("Гамбург", 1813, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), hulked as depot 1827
Drezden 74 ("Дрезден", 1813, A) – Sold to Spain 1818, renamed Alejandro I, stricken 1823
Liubek 74 ("Любек", 1813, A) – Sold to Spain 1818, renamed Numancia I, BU 1823
Arsis 74 ("Арсис", 1816, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), hulked as depot 1828
Katsbakh 74 ("Кацбах", 1816, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), hulked 1828
Retvizan 74 ("Ретвизан", 1818, A) – BU 1833
Triokh Sviatitelei 74 ("Трёх Святителей", 1819, A) – Damaged during flood in Kronstadt (1824), BU 1828
Sviatoi Andrei 74 ("Святой Андрей", 1821, A) – Sunk as target vessel by admiral Karl Sсhilder's submarine 1840
Sysoi Velikii 74 ("Сысой Великий", 1822, A) – BU 1837
Prokhor 74 ("Прохор", 1823, A) – BU 1846
Kniaz‘ Vladimir 74 ("Князь Владимир", 1824, A) – Hulked 1831
Tsar‘ Konstantin 74 ("Царь Константин", 1825, A) – BU 1831
Moschnyi 66 ("Мощный", 1805, A) – Interned by Britain 1808, released 1813, BU 1817
Skoryi 66 ("Скорый", 1805) – Interned by Britain 1808, released and sold to Britain 1813
All eight "new-invented" ("новоизобретённый") units were flat-bottomed, two-mast (except Khotin), one-deck ships. Built in middle stream of Don River. Designed capable to sail downstream and to overpass river's sand-bar.
Slava Ekateriny 66 ("Слава Екатерины") 1783) – Renamed Preobrazheniye Gospodne ("Преображение Господне") 1788, flagship of rear admiral count Mark Voynovich at the Battle of Fidonisi (1788), BU after 1791
Sviatoi Pavel 66 ("Святой Павел", 1784) – BU after 1794
Mariya Magdalina 66 ("Мария Магдалина", 1785) – Heavily damaged at the storm and captured by Turkey near Bosporus 1787
Tsar‘ Konstantin 50/46 ("Царь Константин", 1789) – Reclassified to 44-gun frigate 1793, wrecked 1799 (399 men lost including rear admiral I. T. Ovtsyn)
Fiodor Stratilat 50/46 ("Фёдор Стартилат", 1790) – Reclassified to 44-gun frigate 1793, wrecked 1799 (268 men lost)
Soshestviye Sviatogo Dukha ("Сошествие Святого Духа") (ex-Sviataya Troitsa ("Святая Троица") – renamed on slip) 50/46 (1791) -Reclassified to 44-gun frigate 1793, discarded after 1802
Kazanskaya Bogoroditsa 50/46 ("Казанская Богородица", 1791) – Reclassified to 44-gun frigate 1793, discarded after 1802
Maria Magdalina pervaya 66 ("Мария Магдалина первая", 1789) – BU 1803
Navarkhia (also Vozneseniye Gospodne — "Навархия" or "Вознесение Господне") 50/46 – Reclassified to 50-gun frigate 1793, discarded after 1802
Sviatoi Nikolai 50/44 ("Святой Николай", 1790) – Reclassified to 44-gun frigate 1793, sold for BU in Naples 1802
Bogoyavleniye Gospodne 66/72 ("Богоявление Господне", 1791) – BU 1804
Sviataya Troitsa 66/72 ("Святая Троица") (ex-Soshestviye Sviatogo Dukha ("Сошествие Святого Духа") – renamed on slip) (1791) – BU after 1806
Imperatritsa Mariya 84/96 ("Императрица Мария", 1827) – Hulked 1843
Ches‘ma 84/91 ("Чесьма", 1828) – Hulked 1841
Anapa 84/108 ("Анапа", 1829) – Converted to harbour vessel 1845, BU 1850
Pamiat‘ Evstafiya 84/108 ("Память Евстафия", 1830) – Flagship of rear admiral Mikhail Lazarev at the Bosporus Expedition (1833), converted to harbour vessel 1845, BU 1850
Adrianopol‘ 84/108 ("Адрианополь", 1830) – Converted to harbour vessel 1845, BU 1850
Imperatritsa Ekaterina II 84/96 ("Императрица Екатерина II", 1831) – Converted to harbour vessel 1845, hulked 1847
Varshava 120 ("Варшава", 1833) – BU 1850
Silistriya 84/88 ("Силистрия", 1835) – Hulked 1852, scuttled to protect the harbour in 1854 during the Siege of Sevastopol
Sultan Makhmut-class (8 units)
Sultan Makhmud 84 ("Султан Махмут", 1836) – Hulked 1852, BU 1854
Chesma 84 ("Чесьма", 1849) – Scuttled in 1855 at Sevastopol, when Russian troops abandoned the city
Tsearevitch
Tsesarevitch 135/115 ("Цесаревич", 1857) – Transferred to the Baltic Fleet 1858–59, converted to screw 1860, decommissioned 1874
Sinop
Sinop ("Синоп") (ex-Bosfor ("Босфор") – renamed on slip) 130 (1858) – Transferred to the Baltic Fleet 1858–59, converted to screw 1860, decommissioned 1874
Russian prizes (line-of-battle ships captured from opponents)
Vakhmeister 52 ("Вахмейстер", ex-Swedish HMS Wachtmeister 1681, captured in Battle of Osel Island 1719) – BU after 1728
Rodos 60 ("Родос", ex-Turkish ?, captured in Battle of Chesma 1770) – Wrecked 1770
Retvizan 64/66 ("Ретвизан", ex-Swedish HMS Rättvisan 1783, captured in Battle of Vyborg Bay 1790) – Interned by Britain 1808, released 1813 and sold to Britain
Sofiya-Magdalina 74 ("София-Магдалина", ex-Swedish HMS Sofia Magdalena 1774, captured in Battle of Vyborg Bay 1790) – BU after 1805
Finland 60 ("Финланд", ex-Swedish HMS Finland 1735, captured in Battle of Vyborg Bay 1790) – Non commissioned and BU after 1794
Uppland 54 ("Уппланд", ex-Swedish HMS Uppland 1750, captured in Battle of Vyborg Bay 1790) – Non commissioned and sculpted 1790
Ioann Predtecha 78/66 ("Иоанн Предтеча", ex-Turkish Melek-i Bahri, captured in Battle of Tendra 1790) – Converted to floating battery in Sevastopol 1800
Leander 50 (ex-British Leander 1780, ex-Frehch 1798, captured during Corfu assault (1799) by Admiral Fyodor Ushakov's Russo-Turkish Squadron) – Returned to Britain 1800, hospital ship 1813, sold for BU 1817
Bechermer 44 (ex-Dutch, captured by British-Russian Squadron near Texel Island (1799) during the War of the Second Coalition) – Delivered to Britain 1799
Washington 70 (ex-Dutch, captured by British-Russian Squadron near Texel Island (1799) during the War of the Second Coalition) – Delivered to Britain 1799
Sedel‘ Bakhr 84 ("Седель Бахр", ex-Turkish Sadd al-Bahr, captured in Battle of Athos 1807) – Sold to France in Trieste 1809
Purchased foreign-built battleships (for the Baltic Fleet)
These were purchased around 1711-21. Name in brackets indicates place or country of purchase. It is difficult to trace some origins.
Sviatoi Antonii 50 ("Святой Антоний", Hamburg, ex-Don Antonio di Padua) – Purchased 1711, wrecked 1716
Armont 50 ("Армонт", ex-British) – Purchased 1713, BU 1747
Arondel‘ 50 ("Арондель", ex-British Arundel) – Purchased 1713, BU 1747
Perl 50 ("Перл", c. 1706/13, ex-Dutch Groote Perel) – Purchased 1713, BU after 1734
Leferm 70 ("Леферм", ex-British, purchased 1713, ex-French le Ferme, captured 1702) – Purchased 1713, BU 1737
London 54 ("Лондон", ex-British) – Purchased 1714, wrecked 1719
Britaniya 50 ("Британия", ex-British Great Allen) – Purchased 1714, converted to praam 1728
Portsmut 54 ("Портсмут". 1714, Dutch-built for Russia) – Purchased 1714, flagship of captain Naum Senyavin at the Battle of Osel Island (1719), wrecked 1719
Devonshir 52 ("Девоншир", 1714, Dutch-built for Russia) – Purchased 1714, BU after 1737
Marl‘burg 60 ("Марльбург", 1714, Dutch-built for Russia) – Purchased 1714, BU 1747
Prints Evgenii 50 ("Принц Евгений", 1721, Dutch-built for Russia) – Purchased 1721, BU after 1739
anonymous 56 (c. 1710, ex-French Beau Parterre, ex-Dutch Schonauwen, captured 1711) – Captured by Sweden and renamed Kronskepp (never commissioned to the Russian Navy, known only by foreign sources)
Syurireis (=Surrey?) – Sold to Spain 1714 (as Real Macy 60)? (never commissioned to the Russian Navy, known only by foreign unreliable sources)
References
Veselago F. F. Spisok russkikh voyennykh sudov s 1668 po 1860 god. – Tipographia Morskogo Vedomstva, Saint Petersburg, 1872 (List of Russian naval ships from 1668 to 1860, in Russian)
Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905 – Conway Maritime Press
Naval Wars in the Baltic 1553–1850 (1910) – R. C. Anderson
Naval Wars in the Levant 1559–1853 (1952) – R. C. Anderson
Russian seapower and the Eastern question, 1827–41 (1991) – John C. K. Daly ISBN1-55750-726-0
Mariner's Mirror (various issues)
Russian Warships in the Age of Sail, 1696–1860: Design, Construction, Careers and Fates. John Tredrea and Eduard Sozaev. Seaforth Publishing, 2010. ISBN978-1-84832-058-1.