List of mothers of the Ottoman sultans

This is a list of the biological mothers of Ottoman sultans. There were thirty-six sultans of the Ottoman Empire in twenty-one generations (during early days the title Bey or Ghazi was used instead of Sultan). Throughout the six-century history the sultans were the members of the same house, namely the House of Osman (Turkish: Osmanlı Hanedanı).

Mothers of the Ottoman Sultans

This list is distinct from the list of Valide Sultans of the Ottoman Empire. Valide Sultan was the title of the mother of the reigning sultan. The mothers who died before their sons' accession to throne, never assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Hürrem, Muazzez, Mihrişah,[1][2] and Şermi.[3] On the other hand, step mothers who were not the biological mothers but raised the princes whose mothers had died assumed the title of Valide Sultan like Perestu. So there were Valide Sultans who were not the mothers, and there were mothers who were not the Valide Sultans.

The detailed list of the mothers

Name Titles Maiden Name Origin Years of life Son(s)
Halime Hatun

(Tradition)[4]

Hatun Halime Turkish[5] died after 1282, Söğüt Osman I
Malhun Hatun Hatun[6] Kameriye Malhun Turkish Anatolia — Bursa, after 1326 Orhan I


Nilüfer Valide Hatun
(1362 – 1363) 		Unknown Greek died c. 1363, Bursa, Ottoman Sultanate Murad I
Gülçiçek Hatun unknown Greek 1335, Bithynia, Ottoman Empire Bayezid I
Devlet Valide Hatun
(5 July 1413 - 26 May 1421) 		unknown unknown died c. 1422, Bursa, Ottoman Empire Mehmed I
Emine Valide Hatun
(1421 – 1449) 		Emine Oghuz Turkic born in Elbistan, Beylik of Dulkadir —1449, Ottoman Empire Murad II
Hüma Valide Hatun
(1444 – 1446) 		unknown[7][8] Greek or Slavic [9][7][8] 1446 — September 1449, Bursa, Ottoman Empire Mehmed II
Emine Gülbahar Mükrime Valide Hatun
(1481 – 1492) 		unknown Pontic Greek from Trabzon,[9] Albanian,[10] Slavic[11] or Turkish[12] died c. 1492, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Bayezid II
Ayşe Gülbahar Hatun Unknown Pontic Greek c. 1453, Vayvara, — 1505, Trabzon, Ottoman Empire Selim I
Ayşe Hafsa Valide Sultan
(1520 – 19 Mar 1534) 		Unknown European[13] or Circassian[12][14] c. 1472 — 19 March 1534, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Suleiman I
Hürrem Haseki Sultan
 Alexandra Anastazja Lisowska Ruthenian c. 1504, Ruthenia, Kingdom of Poland — 15 April 1558, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Selim II
Nurbanu Haseki Sultan
(7 Sep 1566 – 15 Dec 1574)
Valide Sultan
(15 Dec 1574 – 7 Dec 1583) 		Cecilia Venier-Baffo or Rachel or Kalē Kartanou Venecian or Jewish or Greek c. 1525-1527, Paros, Cyclades Islands, or Corfu, Republic of Venice — 7 December 1583, Topkapi Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Murad III
Safiye Haseki Sultan
Valide Sultan
(15 Jan 1595 – 22 Dec 1603) 		unknown Albanian[15] c. 1550, Dukagjin highlands, Albania — after 1619, Eski Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mehmed III
Handan Valide Sultan
(22 Dec 1603 – 9 Nov 1605) 		unknown Greek[16] or Bosnian c. 1568, Ottoman Bosnia or Ottoman Greece — 9 November 1605, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Ahmed I
Halime Valide Sultan
(22 Nov 1617 – 26 Feb 1618) and
(19 May 1622 – 10 Sep 1623) 		unknown Abkhaz[17]
c. 1570, Abkhazia, Ottoman Empire — after 1623, Eski Palace, Beyazıt Square, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mustafa I
Mahfiruz Hatun unknown unknown c. 1590 — c. 1610, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Osman II
Kösem Haseki Sultan
(26 Nov 1605 – 22 Nov 1617)
Valide Sultan
(10 Sep 1623 – 8 Aug 1648)
Regent "Naib-i-Sultanat"
(10 Sep 1623 – 1632) and
(8 Aug 1648 – 3 Sep 1651) 		Anastasia Greek c. 1590, Tinos, Republic of Venice or Bosnia — 2 September 1651, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Murad IV
Ibrahim I
Turhan BaşHaseki Sultan
(until 8 Aug 1648)
Valide Sultan
(8 Aug 1648 – 4 Aug 1683)
Regent "Naib-i-Sultanat"
(3 Sep 1651 – 1656) 		Russian[18][19] c. 1627/1628, Ruthenia — 4 August 1683, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mehmed IV
Saliha Dilaşub Haseki Sultan
(until 12 Aug 1648)
Valide Sultan
(8 Nov 1687 – 4 Dec 1689) 		unknown[20][21] c. 1627 — 4 December 1689, Edirne Palace, Edirne, Ottoman Empire Suleiman II
Muazzez Haseki Sultan
(until 12 Aug 1648) 		unknown unknown[20]
Unknown — 12 September 1687, Old Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Ahmed II
Emetullah Rabia Gülnuş Haseki Sultan
(until 8 Nov 1687)
Valide Sultan
(6 Feb 1695 - 6 Nov 1715) 		Evmania Voria Greek[22] or Venetian from the island of Crete[23][24][22][25] c. 1642, Rethymno, Republic of Venice — 6 November 1715, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mustafa II
Ahmed III
Saliha Valide Sultan
(20 Sep 1730 – 21 Sep 1739) 		Unknown Serbian [22] or Greek[26] c. 1680, — 21 September 1739, Tırnakçı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mahmud I
Şehsuvar Valide Sultân
(13 Dec 1754 – 16 Apr 1756) 		Unknown Russian[20] c. 1682, Tsardom of Russia — 27 April 1756, Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Osman III
Emine Mihrişah[27] Kadın unknown unknown[20] unknown — April 1732, Eski Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mustafa III
Rabia Şermi[3] Kadın unknown unknown[20] unknown — c. 1732, Eski Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid I
Mihrişah Valide Sultan
(7 Apr 1789 – 16 Oct 1805) 		Agnes Georgian[28] c. 1745, Georgia — 16 October 1805, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Selim III
Ayşe Sineperver Valide Sultan
(29 May 1807 – 28 July 1808) 		Unknown Circassian or Georgian[29] c. 1759/1760 — 11 December 1828, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mustafa IV
Nakşidil Valide Sultan
(28 July 1808 – 22 August 1817) 		Georgian c. 1761 — 22 August 1817, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mahmud II
Bezmiâlem Valide Sultan
(2 Jul 1839 – 2 May 1853) 		unknown Georgian[20] c. 1807, Georgia, Russian Empire — 2 May 1853, Beşiktaş Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Abdulmejid I
Pertevniyal Valide Sultan
(25 Jun 1861 – 30 May 1876) 		Besime Romanian[30] or Circassian c. 1812 — 5 February 1883, Ortaköy Palace, Ortaköy, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Abdülaziz
Şevkefza Valide Sultan
(30 May 1876 – 31 Aug 1876) 		Unknown Georgian 12 December 1820 — 17 September 1889, Çırağan Palace, Ortaköy, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Murad V
Tirimüjgan[31][32]
Kadin

Unknown Circassian 16 August 1819, Circassia — 3 October 1852, Feriye Palace, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Abdul Hamid II
Gülcemal Kadin Unknown Bosnian c. 1826, Sarajevo, Bosnia Eyalet, Ottoman Empire — 29 November 1851, Ortaköy Palace, Ortaköy, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mehmed V
Gülistü Dördüncü Kadın
(1860 – May 1861) 		Fatma Chachba Abkhazian 1830, born in Sukhumi, Principality of Abkhazia — 1861, Eyüp Palace, Eyüp, Constantinople, Ottoman Empire Mehmed VI

See also

References

  1. ^ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 355.
  2. ^ "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  3. ^ a b Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 363.
  4. ^ Lowry, Heath W. (2012-02-01). The Nature of the Early Ottoman State. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-8726-6.
  5. ^ Güler, Turgut. Mahzun Hududlar Çağlayan Sular (in Arabic). Ötüken Neşriyat A.Ş. ISBN 978-605-155-702-1.
  6. ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. ISBN 9789753296236.
  7. ^ a b Babinger 1992, p. 11.
  8. ^ a b Sakaoğlu 2015, p. 125.
  9. ^ a b Lowry 2012, p. 153.
  10. ^ Babinger 1992, p. 52.
  11. ^ Alderson 1956, table XXVII (note 9).
  12. ^ a b Alderson 1956, p. 83.
  13. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008.
  14. ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet [in Turkish] (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Publications. p. 148. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6. (Her name is given as "Hafsa bint-i Abdü'l-Muin" in Kitâbeler by İ. H. Uzunçarşılı. This shows that she was of non-Turkish origin, and later converted to Islam. The assertions that she was daughter of Meñli I Giray of the Crimean Khanate was never proven even though one of the wives of Selim I, namely Ayşe Hatun, was the real daughter of Meñli I Giray.)
  15. ^ Peirce 1993, p. 94.
  16. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 219.
  17. ^ "Mother Of Mustafa I". Osmanlı Araştırmaları Vakfı (Ottoman Research Foundation). Archived from the original on 2007-10-13.
  18. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 245; Baer 2011, p. 35; Cooke, Göknar & Parker 2008, p. 214; Carsten 1961, p. 505; Karaca 2012.
  19. ^ Ruth Barzilai-Lumbroso (2008). Turkish Men, Ottoman Women: Popular Turkish Historians and the Writing of Ottoman Women's History. ProQuest. ISBN 978-0-549-48355-7.
  20. ^ a b c d e f A.D. Alderson, The Structure of the Ottoman Dynasty, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1955, p.83
  21. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 253.
  22. ^ a b c Sakaoğlu 2015.
  23. ^ İpşirli 1996.
  24. ^ Uluçay 2011.
  25. ^ Alderson 1956.
  26. ^ Akyıldız 2009.
  27. ^ Sakaoğlu, Necdet [in Turkish] (2008). Bu mülkün kadın sultanları: Vâlide sultanlar, hâtunlar, hasekiler, kadınefendiler, sultanefendiler. Oğlak Yayıncılık. p. 303. ISBN 978-9-753-29623-6.
  28. ^ E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam 1913-1936. BRILL. 1987. pp. 1117–. ISBN 90-04-08265-4.
  29. ^ Sakaoğlu 2008, p. 354.
  30. ^ Alpgüvenç, Can (2013). "Pertevniyal Valide Sultan". Hayırda Yarışan Hanım Sultanlar (in Turkish) (1 ed.). Istanbul: Kaynak Kültür Yayınları. ISBN 9786054770151. Retrieved 24 Apr 2016.
  31. ^ "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Archived from the original on 2012-04-02. Retrieved 2009-02-06.
  32. ^ Bahadıroğlu 2009, p. 505.

Sources