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^ abcdefghijJ.H. Newton; G.G. Nichols; A.G. Sprankle (1879). "Wheeling: Past and Present". History of the Pan-handle: Being Historical Collections of the Counties of Ohio, Brooke, Marshall and Hancock, West Virginia. Wheeling: J.A. Caldwell. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018.
^ abJohn J. Coniff, ed. (1901). "Mayors of the City of Wheeling". Laws and Ordinances for the Government of the City of Wheeling, West Virginia. Archived from the original on January 5, 2018 – via Google Books.
^J.B. Bowen (1839), "City Authorities of 1839", Wheeling Directory and Advertiser, Wheeling: John M. M'Creary, Printer, OCLC3456530 – via Internet Archive
^ abcThomas Condit Miller; Hu Maxwell (1913). West Virginia and Its People. New York: Lewis Historical Publishing Company. Archived from the original on April 11, 2016. Retrieved August 25, 2017.