^"大阪市営地下鉄が公営初の民営化、18年4月 市議会が可決" [Osaka Municipal Subway becomes the first public privatization, passed by the city council in April 2018]. Nihon Keizai Shimbun Online (in Japanese). 28 March 2017. Archived from the original on 12 August 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
^路線別乗降人員 [Passenger boarding and alighting by route] (PDF) (in Japanese). Japan: Osaka Metro. 2020. Retrieved 11 August 2021.