Kaarlo Edvard Kivekäs

Kaarlo Kivekäs.

Kaarlo Edvard Kivekäs (6 December 1866, in Valkeala – 19 February 1940, in Hämeenlinna; original name Karl Edvard Backman until 1880[1]) was a Finnish general. Educated at Hamina Cadet School[2][3][4] (1886–1890[2]), he served in the Russian army from 1890 on, in the Pamir area,[5] under the command of, M.E. Ionova, the leader of a Russian Expedition in 1893,[5][4] he was fluent in Shughni,[5][6] Tajik,[5][6] Uzbek,[5][6] and Kyrgyz,[6] and reportedly understanding of the traditions and cultures of the people of the Pamir area,[5] who purportedly held him in high regard,[5][6] ending his service there as a Lieutenant Colonel on October 13, 1908,[6][5][4] and later Kivekäs served in World War I, becoming a Major General on September 23, 1916.[7] After the Finnish Civil War, he returned to Finland, being accepted as a Major General sometime around 1918.[7][6][4] He also was the Chief of Defence of the Finnish Defence Forces in 1919.[7] Kivekäs is the recipient of the Latvian military Order of Lāčplēsis, 2nd class.[8]

References

  1. ^ "Kaarlo Edvard Kivekäs (1866-1940) - Find a Grave..." www.findagrave.com. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  2. ^ a b Kuka kukin on: Who's who in Finland (in Finnish). Kustannusosakeyhtiö Otava. 1920.
  3. ^ Harjula, Mirko (2020-07-21). Suuri peli ja suomalaiset: Keski-Aasian jako ja suomalaistaustaiset upseerit 1835-1885 (in Finnish). BoD - Books on Demand. ISBN 978-952-80-2534-4.
  4. ^ a b c d "Русская армия в Великой войне: Картотека проекта. Кивекэс Карл-Эдуард Карлович". www.grwar.ru. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Вестник архивиста - ПОИСК ДОКУМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ СВЕДЕНИЙ ОБ УЧАСТИИ ГЕНЕРАЛА Э.К. КИВЕКЭСА В ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЕ 1914-1918 гг" (PDF). www.vestarchive.ru. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g "Эдуард Кивекэс – спаситель Памира | Новости Таджикистана ASIA-Plus". asiaplustj.info. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  7. ^ a b c "Etusivu". kansallisbiografia.fi. Retrieved 2022-07-17.
  8. ^ Priedītis, Ērichs Ēriks (1996). Latvijas Valsts apbalvojumi un Lāčplēši (in Latvian). Riga: Junda. ISBN 9984-01-020-1. OCLC 38884671.

Further reading

  • Loikkanen, Jarmo & Harjula, Mirko (2017). Kaarlo Kivekäs: Kolmen armeijan kenraali (in Finnish). Jyväskylä: Docendo. ISBN 978-952-291-410-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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