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John Longley
Major General Sir John Raynsford Longley KCMG CB (7 March 1867 – 13 February 1953) was a British Army officer who reached high command during World War I. Military career Educated at Cheltenham College,[2] Longley was commissioned into the 4th (Militia) Battalion, East Surrey Regiment in April 1885[3] before transferring over to the Regular Army two years later.[4] He later served in South Africa in 1902, towards the end of the Second Boer War.[5] He was promoted to major in July 1904.[6] In 1911 he was appointed commanding officer of the 1st East Surreys and went to France in August 1914 at the start of World War I, fighting in the battles of Mons, Le Cateau, the Marne, the Aisne, La Bassée and Armentières.[2] In January 1915, after being promoted to the temporary rank of brigadier general,[7] he was appointed commander of the 82nd Infantry Brigade in succession to Brigadier General Lionel Stopford. In June his substantive rank was advanced from brevet colonel to colonel but with seniority dating back to December 1914.[8] The brigade formed part of the 27th Division which, towards the end of the year, was sent to the Macedonian front. In December, after being promoted to the temporary rank of major general,[9] he became the general officer commanding (GOC) of the 10th (Irish) Division,[10] which, like the 27th, was also serving in Macedonia as part of the British Salonika Army. He retained command of this division until 1919, serving in Salonika, before moving to Egypt in September 1917 where the division was part of XX Corps in its advance into Palestine.[11] He was awarded the Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in June 1918.[12] In 1919, and with the war now over, Longley became GOC 44th (Home Counties) Division before retiring from the army in 1923.[5] From 1920 to 1939 Longley, whose rank of major general became substantive in January 1918,[13] held the colonelcy of the East Surrey Regiment.[14] Recalled at the start of the Second World War in 1939, he was re-employed as a brigadier in the Dover Garrison.[2] He died on 13 February 1953, at the age of 85.[11] The East Surrey Regimental chapel in All Saints Church, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, has a memorial plaque to Longley and a stained glass window to the memory of both Longley and his son, killed in 1916 at the Battle of Jutland.[15] Honours and awards
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