Jidu

For a temple in Jiyuan, Henan, China, see Jidu Temple.
For an electric automaker, see Jidu Auto.
In this Manchu name, the given name is Jidu. In accordance with Manchu custom, it should be used alone or with titles but not with the clan name Aisin Gioro.
Jidu
Prince Jian of the First Rank
和碩簡親王
Prince Jian of the First Rank
Tenure1657–1660
PredecessorJirgalang (as Prince Zheng)
SuccessorDese
Born1633
Died1660(1660-00-00) (aged 26–27)
SpouseLady Borjigit
IssueDesai
Labu
Yabu
Names
Jidu
Posthumous name
Prince Jianchun of the First Rank (簡純親王)
HouseAisin Gioro
FatherJirgalang
MotherLady Gurhas

Jidu (Chinese: 濟度; 1633–1660) was Qing dynasty imperial prince as the second son of Jirgalang, Nurhaci's nephew. Jidu was the second holder of Prince Zheng title under the name "Prince Jian of the First Rank". The previous name was restored only in 1778.

Life

Jidu was born to lady Gurhas, third primary princess consort Zhengxian of the First Rank.[1]

Political career

Jidu's active political career started after the death of Dorgon in 1651. It was said that Shunzhi Emperor deeply despised Dorgon for breaking ancestor's rules and wanted to dismiss the regents. Jidu opposed the idea by claiming that he is faithful and could attend to the affairs as prince regent.[2]

His father largely contributed to purging the court of Dorgon's supporters, including Ajige,[3] who might have succeeded his brother as prince regent.[4] Jidu was appointed as one of the regents upon the underage Shunzhi Emperor together with Ledu, Duoni (Dodo's son and successor), Yolo (Abatai's son), Dulan (Sahaliyan's son), Shangshan (Feiyangwu's son) and Du'erhu (Cuyen's grandson). At that time, he became an heir apparent to Prince Zheng peerage.[5] In 1655, Jidu was instated as a Dingyuan general, leading Manchu forces to defeat Koxinga.[6] In 1656, Jidu's army suffered a defeat near Kinmen due to storm, losing most of naval forces.Koxinga was finally defeated in Nanjing.[7] In 1657, when Jidu triumphally returned to the capital, he was informed about the funeral of his father and promoted to the prince of the first rank.[8]

Death and legacy

Jidu died in 1660 and was succeeded by his third son, Desai.[9] Jidu's military achievements were acknowledged by the Shunzhi Emperor, who did not only honour him with the title Prince Jianchun of the First Rank (简纯亲王),[10] but had his memorial tablet placed in the adjacent shrine to the mausoleum of Hong Taiji.[11] Jidu's legacy was continued by Labu, who was one of the Ming defectors in the early Kangxi era.

Tomb

Jidu is interred in the separate tomb on the western side of Prince Min mausoleum. Both mausoleums lay next to Jirhalang's tomb.[12]

Family

Jidu was married to lady Borjigin, daughter of Chorji and biological sister of Empress Xiaohuizhang (Alatan Qiqige).[13]

  • Primary consort, of the Khorchin Borjigin clan (嫡福晋科尔沁博尔济吉特氏)
    • Desai, Prince Jianhui of the First Rank (简惠亲王德赛,1654-1670), third son
    • Princess Duanmin of the First Rank (端敏固伦公主, 1653–1729), first daughter
      • Married Bandi (班第) of the Khorchin Borjigin clan in 1670 and had issue (two sons)
  • Secondary consort, of the Oirat Borjigin clan (侧福晋吴鲁特博尔济吉特氏)
  • Secondary consort, of the Borjigin clan (侧福晋博尔济吉特氏)
  • Mistress, of the Esaili clan (庶福晋额赛礼氏)
    • Bulwark General Momei (墨美,1652-1691), first son
    • Mujina (穆济纳,1657-1660), fourth son
  • Mistress, of the Hang clan (庶福晋杭氏)
  • Mistress, of the Tong clan (庶福晋佟氏)[14]

References

  1. ^ "详细资料介绍_爱新觉罗宗谱网". www.axjlzp.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
  2. ^ Ling (凌), Li (力) (2005). "Young Son of Heaven". Beijing Book Co. Inc.
  3. ^ Oxnam, Robert B. (1975). Ruling from Horseback.Manchu politics in the Oboi Regency,1661-1669. London and Chicago: University of Chicago Press. pp. 47–49.
  4. ^ Wakeman, Frederic (1985). "The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-Century China". Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 895.
  5. ^ "卷五 本纪五_清史稿 赵尔巽_国学导航". www.guoxue123.com. Retrieved 2021-01-14.
  6. ^ Struve, Lynn A. (1984). The Southern Ming 1644–1662. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 160–166.
  7. ^ Wakeman, Frederic (1985). "The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China". University of California Press. p. 1048.
  8. ^ Zhao, Erxun (1928). "Draft History of Qing".Biographies 2.Princes 1.
  9. ^ Li, Xueqin (1995). Exploring Tibetan literature. 海南国际新闻出版中心. p. 1641.
  10. ^ 北京傳統文化便覽/Situation of cultural education in Beijing. Beijing: Yanshan Press. 1992. p. 637.
  11. ^ Li, Munan (2015). Politics in the Harem. Henan University Press.
  12. ^ Song, Dachuan (2007). "Qing dynasty tombs". 文物出版社. p. 288.
  13. ^ 故宮博物院院刊. Vol. 67–70. 文物出版社. 1995. p. 69.
  14. ^ "详细资料介绍_爱新觉罗宗谱网". www.axjlzp.com. Retrieved 2021-01-15.

Further reading