|
Jazep Hermanovich
Jazep Hiermanovich (also Yazep Germanovich, Belarusian Latin alphabet: Jazep Hermanovič; Belarusian: Язэп Германовіч; Polish: Józef Hermanowicz, 4 March 1890 - 26 December 1978) was a Belarusian Greek Catholic priest, poet and Gulag survivor. Early lifeHermanovich was born in Halshany into a Belarusian Roman Catholic peasant family. He studied at schools in Halshany and Ashmiany. In 1913, he graduated from a Catholic seminary in Vilnius and was ordained priest. Work in West BelarusIn 1921, he became a member of the Society of the Belarusian School, an organization promoting Belarusian-language education in West Belarus which was then part of the Second Polish Republic and where ethnic Belarusians and other speakers of minority languages faced coercive polonization by the Polish state. For some time, he preached Belarusian language sermons at the Church of St. Nicholas in Vilnius (then Wilno).[1] In 1924, Hermanovich joined the Congregation of Marian Fathers. He moved to the town of Druja where he was part of the community of Belarusian Marian Priests which was influential among Belarusian Catholics in interwar Poland. While in Druja, Hermanovich started publishing his literary works under the pseudonym Vincuk Advažny (Vincuk the Brave). Missionary work in Harbin, Gulag captivityIn 1932, Hermanovich was sent to Harbin, China, to do missionary work to spread the Russian Greek Catholic Church among the community of Harbin Russians with the Russian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Harbin.[2] He was head of the Catholic Lyceum of St Nicolas in Harbin, taking care of Russian orphans who lost their parents in the Russian Civil War.[3] In 1936, Hermanovich returned to Poland because of health reasons.[3] In 1938, he and other Belarusian Marian fathers were deported from Druja to central Poland as part of a wave of repressions by the Polish Government against Belarusian nationalists and language revival activists.[3] After this, Hermanovich returned to Harbin.[3] In 1948, Hermanovich was arrested by the communist Chinese authorities and handed over to the Soviet NKVD. After several months of interrogations and tortures, Hermanovich and other teachers of the Marian lyceum of Harbin were sentenced to 25 years of incarceration and labour in the Gulag concentration camps. Hermanovich was deported to concentration camps near Tayshet and then near Bratsk.[4] While in the Gulag, Hermanovich held secret religious services among other inmates.[4] Emigration to the United KingdomAfter Stalin's death in 1953, Hermanovich was released and as a former Polish citizen deported to communist Poland in 1955.[5] From there he was able to move to the Vatican and then to London where he joined the community of Belarusian Catholic priests (Ceslaus Sipovic, Leo Haroshka, Alexander Nadson and others) who had settled there after the Second World War. Since 1960, Father Hermanovich resided at the Marian House in North Finchley, London, until his death on 26 December 1978. He is buried at St. Pancras and Islington Cemetery along with his Marian confreres.[6] While living in London, Hermanovich was teaching at St Cyril of Turau Belarusian school and was also an editor-in-chief of the Belarusian emigre Catholic journal Božym šlacham, sent to subscribers all over the world. In London he published a number of literary works as well as translated the Book of Psalms. See also
External links
Literary works
References
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
.jpg)
