The name of the city is derived from the Kurdish Javanrud tribe, which had formerly dominated the area, and which has now become almost fully urban.[6]
History
During its early history, Javanrud was part of the loosely defined Ardalan province, the previous name of the present-day Kurdistan province. In 1909, its vali (governor) Aman-Allah Khan Ardalan (r. 1799–1825) ordered the construction of a fortress named Qal'a-ye Javanrud on a small hill near the middle of the Javanrud. In the mid-1970s, Javanrud was added to the Kermanshah province, later receiving its own sub-province in 1989.[6]
Demographics
Language, ethnicity, and religion
The city is populated by Kurds, from various tribal backgrounds, who adhere to Sunni Islam. However, the Jaff tribe is the main tribe in the city. The two Sufi branches Naqshbandi and Qadiriyya have a strong presence in the city as well. The locals speak Gorani, Sorani and Persian.[6]
Population
At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 43,104 in 9,591 households.[7] The following census in 2011 counted 51,483 people in 13,043 households.[8] The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 54,354 people in 15,010 households.[2]
^Also romanized as Javānrūd; also known as Qal‘a Jūanrūd, Qal‘eh Jūānrūd, and Qal‘eh-ye Javānrūd (English: Fort Javanrud); also Ciwanro and Jūānrū (Kurdish: جوانڕۆ, romanized: Ciwanro)[3]
^Javanrud can be found at GEOnet Names Server, at this link, by opening the Advanced Search box, entering "-3797685" in the "Unique Feature Id" form, and clicking on "Search Database".
