Bolton was Assistant Chorus Master and staff conductor from 1982–84 for Glyndebourne Festival Opera. He made his operatic conducting debut in 1986 with Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress for Opera 80.[2] He later became music director of Glyndebourne Touring Opera (now Glyndebourne on Tour) from 1992–97. He was principal conductor of the Scottish Chamber Orchestra from 1994–96. He has also held leadership positions whilst he was musical director of St James's Church, Piccadilly in London from 1982 to 1990 with the St James's Baroque Players and The St James Singers (with whom he recorded J. S. Bach's harpsichord concertos BWV 1052–1058 in 1987, Charpentier's Te Deum H.146 and Missa Assumpta est Maria H.11 in 1996) and the Lufthansa Festival of Baroque Music. Other work with period ensembles has included collaboration with the Dresdner Festspielorchester (Dresden Festival Orchestra), which began in 2012.[3]
From 2004 to 2016,[4] Bolton was Chief Conductor of the Mozarteum Orchestra of Salzburg, with which he appeared at The Proms in 2006.[5] He took the title of Ehrendirigent (Honorary Conductor) with the Mozarteum Orchestra Salzburg as of the 2016–17 season. In February 2014, the Teatro Real in Madrid named Bolton its next music director, effective from the 2015–16 season, with an initial contract of five years.[6] Bolton is scheduled to conclude his tenure as music director of the Teatro Real at the close of the 2024–25 season.[7] In June 2015, the Sinfonieorchester Basel announced the appointment of Bolton as its next chief conductor, as of the 2016–17 season, with an initial contract of 4 years.[4] In March 2018, the orchestra announced the extension of Bolton's contract through the 2024–25 season.[8]
Bolton is married to the musicologist, critic, and broadcaster Tess Knighton, whom he met at Cambridge. The couple have a son, and reside in Barcelona.[6]