Inner kins (Chinese)

Inner kins
Traditional Chinese	1. 堂親 2. 内親 3. 宗亲 4. 族亲 5. 同宗
Simplified Chinese	1. 堂亲 2. 内亲 3. 宗亲 4. 族亲 5. 同宗
Literal meaning	1. hall kin 2. inner kin 3. lineage kin 4. clan/ethnicity kin 5. same lineage
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin 1. tángqīn 2. nèiqīn 3. zōngqīn 4. zúqīn 5. tóngzōng Bopomofo 1. ㄊㄤˊ ㄑㄧㄣ 2. ㄋㄟˋ ㄑㄧㄣ 3. ㄗㄨㄥ ㄑㄧㄣ 4. ㄗㄨˊ ㄑㄧㄣ Wade–Giles 1. t'ang^2-ch'in^1 2. nei^4-ch'in^1 3. tsung^1-ch'in^1 Tongyong Pinyin 1. táng-chīn 2. nèi-chīn 3. zōng-chīn 4. zú-chīn 5. tóng-zōng IPA 1. [tʰǎŋ.tɕʰín] 2. [nêɪ.tɕʰín] 3. [tsʊ́ŋ.tɕʰín] other Mandarin Sichuanese Pinyin 3. zong^1 qin^1 Wu Romanization 1. don qin Gan Romanization 1. dong chin Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization 1. tòhng chān 2. noih chān 3. jūng chān Jyutping 1. tong4 can1 2. noi6 can1 3. zung1 can1 IPA [tʰɔŋ˩.tsʰɐn˥] Southern Min Hokkien POJ 1. tông-chhin 2. lāi-chhin

Inner kins (simplified Chinese: 宗亲; traditional Chinese: 宗親; pinyin: zōngqīn) is the kinship clan in Chinese patriarchy. This term usually referred to the paternal family. Since the Zhou Dynasty, traditional Chinese society has been structured around networks of male kins who controlled rituals and the traditions of warfare, while maternal cousins had no right to intervene.[1][2][3]

Besides women who were married into the clan, inner kins share the same surname. They are not allowed to marry each other.[4]

Members

• Father and mother (Chinese: 父母; pinyin: fùmǔ) ― the mother is "transplanted" (Chinese: 嫁; pinyin: jià) to father by her family of origin (Chinese: 原生家庭; pinyin: yuánshēng jiātíng).

• Paternal grandfather (Chinese: 祖父、爷爷; pinyin: zǔfù, yéye) and paternal grandmother (Chinese: 祖母、奶奶; pinyin: zǔmǔ, nǎinai).

• Paternal uncles (Chinese: 叔、伯; pinyin: shū, bó) and aunts (Chinese: 姑; pinyin: gū).

• Paternal cousins (Chinese: 堂兄弟姐妹; pinyin: táng xiōngdì jiěmèi).

• Sons (Chinese: 儿子; pinyin: érzi), their wives (daughters-in-law) (Chinese: 儿媳; pinyin: érxí).

See also

• Outer kins
• Chinese kin
• Patriarchal clan system

References

1. 观念历险记. "妈妈的爸爸叫爷爷". 微信公众平台. Retrieved 2024-12-04.
2. Shi, Jinbo; Li, Hansong (2020). Tangut language and manuscripts: an introduction. Languages of Asia. Leiden ; Boston: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-41454-9.
3. Wu, Ching-Chao (1927). "The Chinese Family: Organization, Names, and Kinship Terms". American Anthropologist. 29 (3): 316–325. doi:10.1525/aa.1927.29.3.02a00100. ISSN 0002-7294. JSTOR 661154.
4. 王跃生 (2012). "从同姓不婚, 同宗不婚到近亲不婚". 社会科学 (in Chinese): 57–68.