Indigenous cattle breeds of India
Of the more than 800 cattle breeds recognized worldwide, India had 27 acknowledged indigenous breeds of cattle and 7 breeds of buffaloes. As of 2018[update] the ICAR recognized 50 breeds that are indigenous in India,[ 1] [ 2] of which two cattle breeds and three buffalo breeds were added in 2018.[ 3] Local conservation programs are endeavouring to maintain the purity of breeds such as Tharparkar,[ 4] dwarf cattle such as Kasaragod , and Kankrej , Amrit Mahal and Kangayam .[ 5] On the basis of main uses Indigenous cattle breeds are classified in to milch (cow and buffalloes for milk), draft (load carrying such as ox), and dual purpose (i.e. milk and draft).[ 6] [ 7]
All India livestock census (in thousands)
Exotic/Crossbred
2007
2012
% change
Male
6,844
5,971
-12.75
Female
26,216
33,760
28.78
Total
33,060
39,732
20.18
Indigenous[ 8]
2007
2012
% change
Male
76,779
61,949
-19.32
Female
89,236
89,224
-0.01
Total
1,66,015
1,51,172
-8.94
Indigenous cattle breeds of India
Total population and breeds of indigenous cattle of India are as follows:[ 9] [ 10] [ 11]
S No
Breed
Image
Region of origin
Type
Related cattle breed
Description
1
Alambadi
Alambadi, Dharmapuri district , Tamil Nadu
draught
2
Amritmahal [ 12]
Hassan, Chikmagalur and Chitradurga district, Karnataka.
draught
3
Gir
Gir forest region and surrounding districts, Saurashtra region, Gujarat
milch
Bhadawari, Desan, Gujarati, Kathiawari, Sorthi, and Surati.
Gyr[ 13] - Brazil,
4
Red Sindhi [ 14]
Karachi and Hyderabad (Pakistan) regions of undivided India
milch
Red Karachi, Sindhi and Mahi
5
Sahiwal [ 15] [ 16]
Montgomery District of undivided India
milch
Lola (loose skin), Lambi Bar, Montgomery, Multani, Teli.
Australian Milking Zebu , Australian Friesian Sahiwal .
Best indigenous dairy breed.
6
Bargur
Bargur forest hills, Anthiyur Taluk, Erode District , Western Tamil Nadu
draught
7
Hallikar [ 17]
Mysore , Mandya , Hassan and Tumkur districts, South Karnataka
draught
8
Kangayam [ 18] [ 19]
Kangeyam , Tiruppur district , Tamil Nadu
draught
9
Pulikulam [ 20] [ 21]
Cumbum valley , Madurai district , Tamil Nadu.
draught
10
Khillari cattle [ 22]
Satara , Kolhapur and Sangli regions, Maharashtra and Bijapur , Dharwad and Belgaum districts, Karnataka
draught
11
Umblachery
Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu
draught
12
Deoni [ 23]
Bidar district , Karnataka and Latur district , Maharashtra
milch, draught
13
Hariana [ 24]
Rohtak , Karnal , Jind , Hissar , and Gurgaon districts, Haryana and eastern Punjab
milch, draught
14
Kankrej [ 25]
Banaskantha , Gujarat
milch, draught
Guzerat ,[ 26] Brazil
15
Krishna Valley [ 27]
Southern border of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh
milch, draught
16
Ongole [ 28]
Prakasam District , Andhra Pradesh
milch, draught
Nelore,[ 29] Brazil
17
Tharparkar [ 30] [ 31]
Tharparkar District in Sindh province in Pakistan .
milch, draught
Karan Fries[ 4]
18
Bachaur[ 32]
Madhubani , Darbhanga and Sitamarhi , north Bihar
draught
19
Dangi[ 33]
Nasik and Ahmednagar districts , Maharashtra
draught
20
Kasaragod [ 34] [ 5]
Kasaragod district , Kerala
21
Kenkatha [ 35] / Kenwariya
Bundelkhand , Uttar Pradesh and banks of river Ken and Vindhyas hilly range, Madhya Pradesh
draught
22
Kherigarh [ 36] [ 37]
Lakhimpur Kheri district, Uttar Pradesh
draught
23
Malenadu Gidda [ 38] [ 39]
Coastal and hilly areas of Karnataka
24
Malvi [ 40]
Malwa plateau, Western Madhya Pradesh
draught
25
Mewati / Kosi[ 41]
Mewat , Haryana
milch
26
Nagori [ 42] [ 43]
Nagaur district , Rajasthan
draught
appreciated for fast road work.
27
Nimari
Narmada valley, Madhya Pradesh and Jalgaon district , Maharashtra
28
Ponwar
Pilbhit, Uttar Pradesh
29
Rathi [ 44]
Rajasthan
milch, draught
30
Red Kandhari [ 45]
Latur , Kandhar taluk in Nanded district and Parbhani district, Maharashtra and North Karnataka
31
Siri [ 46]
Parts of Sikkim , Darjeeling and Bhutan
draught
32
Vechur [ 47]
Kerala
33
Motu[ 48]
Orissa ,Chhattisgarh
and Andhra Pradesh
34
Ghumusari[ 48]
Orissa
35
Binjharpuri[ 48]
Orissa
36
Khariar[ 48]
Orissa
37
Pulikulam[ 48]
Tamilnadu
38
Kosali[ 48]
Chhattisgarh
39
Belahi[ 48]
Haryana and Chandigarh
40
Gangatiri[ 48]
Uttar Pradesh and Bihar
41
Badri[ 48]
Uttarakhand
42
Lakhimi[ 48]
Assam
43
Ladakhi[ 48]
Jammu and Kashmir
44
Konkan Kapila[ 48]
Maharashtra and Goa
Newly registered cattle breeds of India
ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal (NBAGR) is the nodal agency for the registration of newly identified germplasm of Cattle are:[ 49]
S No
Breed
Image
Region of origin
Type
Related cattle breed
Description
1
Poda Thurpu
Nagarkurnool of Telangana
Draught purpose
2
Nari
Sirohi and Pali districts of Rajasthan , Sabarkantha and Banaskantha districts Gujarat
Dual purpose (Milch and Draught)
3
Dagri
Dahod , Chhota Udaipur and parts of Mahisagar , Panchmahal and Narmada district Gujarat
Draught purpose
4
Thutho
Nagaland
Draught and Meat purpose
5
Shweta Kapila
North Goa and South Goa districts of Goa
6
Himachali Pahari
Kullu , Chamba , Mandi , Kangra , Sirmaur , Shimla , Kinnaur , Lahul & Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh
Draught purpose
7
Purnea
Araria , Purnea and Katihar districts; and the Adjoining areas of Kishanganj , Supaul and Madhepura districts of Bihar
Dual purpose (Milch and Draught)
Indigenous buffalo breeds of India
Total population and indigenous buffalo breed of India are as follows:[ 50] [ 51]
Buffalo Population in India (in million)
Total Buffalo Population in the country is 109.85 Million during 2019. Total Buffalo has increased by 1.1% over previous Livestock Census (2012). Female Buffalo Population increased by 8.61% whereas Male Buffalo is declined by 42.35% over previous census. About 20.5% of the total livestock is contributed by buffaloes.[ 52]
Buffalo
2007 [ 53]
2012 [ 54]
2019 [ 55]
Male
19.59
16.10
9.28
Female
85.74
92.60
100.57
Total
105.34
108.70
109.85
Registered Buffalo breed of india
There are 19 registered Buffalo breed in India under ICAR - NBAGR are as follows [ 56]
S No
Breed
Image
Region of origin
Type
Related cattle breed
Description
1
Banni [ 57]
2
Bhadawari [ 58]
Agra and Etawah districts,Uttar Pradesh and Gwalior district, Madhya Pradesh.
3
Jaffrabadi [ 59]
Gir forests, Kutch and Jamnagar districts, Gujarat.
known for its ability to fight lions in Gir forest
4
Mehsana [ 60]
Mehsana, Sabarkanda and Banaskanta districts, Gujarat and adjoining Maharashtra
evolved out of crossbreeding between the Surti and the Murrah.
5
Murrah [ 61]
Rohtak, Hisar and Sind of Haryana, Nabha and Patiala districts, Punjab and southern parts of Delhi
Delhi, Kundi and Kali.
6
Nagpuri [ 62]
Nagpur, Akola and Amrawati districts, Maharashtra.
Elitchpuri, Barari.
7
Nili Ravi [ 63]
Sutlej valley in Ferozpur district , Punjab and in the Sahiwal (Pakistan)
8
Surti
Kaira and Baroda district, Gujarat.
Deccani, Gujarati, Talabda, Charator and Nadiadi.
9
Toda [ 64]
Nilgiri Hills , South India
semi-wild breed.
10
Marathwadi[ 56]
Maharashtra
11
Pandharpuri[ 56]
Maharashtra
12
Chilika[ 56]
Orissa
13
Kalahandi[ 56]
Orissa
14
Luit (Swamp)[ 56]
Assam and Manipur
15
Bargur[ 56]
Tamil Nadu
16
Gojri[ 56]
Pathankot , Gurdaspur , Hoshiarpur , Rupnagar and SAS Nagar (Mohali ) districts of Punjab and Kangra and Chamba districts of Himachal Pradesh
Milk and draught purpose
Animals can travel long distances (seasonal migration) and can climb easily on hill tops for grazing. Used for both milk and draught power (ploughing and other agricultural operations).
17
Dharwad[ 56]
Bagalkot , Belagavi , Dharwad , Gadag , Ballari , Bidar , Vijayapura , Chitradurga , Kalaburgi , Haveri , Koppal , Raichur and Yadgir districts of Karnataka
Milk purpose
The milk this buffalo is used for preparation of famous Dharwad Peda with GI tag.
18
Manda[ 56]
Koraput , Malkangiri and Nawarangapur districts of Odisha
Draught, milk and manure
Manda buffaloes are reared mostly under extensive system, Both male and females are used for agriculture operations.
19
Chhattisgarhi[ 56]
Chhattisgarh
See also
References
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External links
These are the
cattle breeds considered in India to be wholly or partly of Indian origin. Inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively Indian.