Horní Police

Horní Police
Municipality
Horní Police Castle
Flag Coat of arms
Horní Police Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 50°42′15″N 14°24′15″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Liberec
District	Česká Lípa
First mentioned	1273
Area
• Total	6.03 km^2 (2.33 sq mi)
Elevation	252 m (827 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	726
• Density	120/km^2 (310/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	471 06
Website	www.hornipolice.cz

Horní Police (German: Oberpolitz) is a municipality and village in Česká Lípa District in the Liberec Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The villages and hamlets of Dvorsko, Na Výšině, Pod Školou, and Podlesí are administrative parts of Horní Police.

Etymology

The word police means 'shelf', 'board' in Czech. The name refers to the settlement's location in a flat place compared to the surrounding landscape. The attribute horní ('upper') serves to distinguish it from Dolní ('lower') Police (today part of Žandov).[2]

Geography

General view

Horní Police is located about 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Česká Lípa and 25 km (16 mi) east of Ústí nad Labem. It lies in the Central Bohemian Uplands. The highest point is on the slopes of the hill Dvorský kopec at 507 m (1,663 ft) above sea level. The village of Horní Police is situated in a valley along the Ploučnice River.

History

The first written mention of Horní Police is in a deed of Pope Gregory X from 15 May 1273, confirming its ownership by the Doksany monastery. During the Hussite Wars, Horní Police was acquired by the Berka of Dubá family. They owned the estate until 1612, when they had to sell it due to debts. It was bought by the Novohradský branch of the Kolowrat family. After 1628, Horní Police was inherited by Anna Magdalena of Lobkowicz and subsequently acquired by Julius Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg, who married her in 1632.[3]

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 1,232 —     1880 1,265 +2.7% 1890 1,147 −9.3% 1900 1,058 −7.8% 1910 1,087 +2.7%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 1,117 +2.8% 1930 1,260 +12.8% 1950 893 −29.1% 1961 861 −3.6% 1970 804 −6.6%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 692 −13.9% 1991 606 −12.4% 2001 645 +6.4% 2011 668 +3.6% 2021 712 +6.6%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Transport

Horní Police is located on the railway line Liberec–Děčín.

Sights

Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary

The first written mention of a church in Horní Police is from 1291, but it was destroyed during the Hussite Wars. A new small church became a well-known pilgrimage destination and had to be expanded. The current Church of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary was built in the Baroque style by Giulio Broggio on the site of the older church in 1688–1701.[6]

Horní Police Castle was built after 1680 on the site of a former fortress by its owner, Duke Julius Francis of Saxe-Lauenburg.[6]

The stone arch bridge which connects the church and the castle is one of the three most valuable buildings in Horní Police. It was built in 1840 and it is the third oldest bridge over the river Ploučnice, and the oldest original one.[6]

Notable people

• Julius Vincenz von Krombholz (1782–1843), physician, mycologist and rector of the University of Prague

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
2. Profous, Antonín (1951). Místní jména v Čechách III: M–Ř (in Czech). pp. 425–426.
3. "Historie obce" (in Czech). Obec Horní Police. Retrieved 2022-10-27.
4. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
5. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
6. "Dominanty obce" (in Czech). Obec Horní Police. Retrieved 2021-07-28.

External links

• Official website