Horní Pěna

Horní Pěna
Municipality
View towards the Church of Saint Michael
Flag Coat of arms
Horní Pěna Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°6′16″N 15°2′32″E
Country	Czech Republic
Region	South Bohemian
District	Jindřichův Hradec
First mentioned	1354
Area
• Total	14.85 km^2 (5.73 sq mi)
Elevation	496 m (1,627 ft)
Population  (2024-01-01)[1]
• Total	589
• Density	40/km^2 (100/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal codes	377 01, 378 31
Website	www.hornipena.cz

Horní Pěna (German: Oberbaumgarten) is a municipality and village in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 600 inhabitants. The village of Malíkov nad Nežárkou within the municipality is well preserved and is protected by law as a village monument zone.

Administrative parts

The village of Malíkov nad Nežárkou is an administrative part of Horní Pěna.

Geography

Horní Pěna is located about 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Jindřichův Hradec and 42 km (26 mi) northeast of České Budějovice. It lies in the Javořice Highlands. The highest point is at 596 metres (1,955 ft) above sea level. In addition to several small fishponds, there is Pěněnský Pond with an area of 75 ha (190 acres).[2]

History

The first written mention of Horní Pěna is from 1354. It was an agricultural village, later weaving and brick production developed. At the time of its establishment, the village was ethnically Czech, but gradually became predominantly German-speaking. From 1938 to 1945, Horní Pěna was annexed by Nazi Germany and administered as part of the Reichsgau Niederdonau. After World War II, the German population was expelled and the village was repopulated by Czechs.[3]

Demographics

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 1,034 —     1880 997 −3.6% 1890 941 −5.6% 1900 848 −9.9% 1910 836 −1.4%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 782 −6.5% 1930 720 −7.9% 1950 614 −14.7% 1961 608 −1.0% 1970 534 −12.2%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 508 −4.9% 1991 456 −10.2% 2001 474 +3.9% 2011 568 +19.8% 2021 545 −4.0%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Transport

The I/34 road (part of the European route E551; the section from České Budějovice to Jindřichův Hradec) briefly crosses the municipality in the west.

Sights

Malíkov nad Nežárkou

The main landmark of Horní Pěna is the Church of Saint Michael. It was built in the Gothic style in the first quarter of the 14th century and modified in the Baroque style in the 17th and 18th centuries. The tower was added in 1709.[6]

In Horní Pěna is the Zoo Na Hrádečku, a small zoo with more than 100 species on an area of 10 hectares (25 acres).[7]

Malíkov nad Nežárkou is a village with well-preserved typical south Bohemian folk architecture, protected as a village monument zone.[8] In the centre of the village is the Chapel of Our Lady of Loreto. It was built in 1849.[9]

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
2. "Ohlasy od Dřeva 3/2011" (in Czech). Obec Horní Pěna. p. 2. Retrieved 2022-08-29.
3. "Horní Pěna" (in Czech). Obec Horní Pěna. Retrieved 2021-09-03.
4. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
5. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
6. "Kostel sv. Michaela se hřbitovem" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
7. "Zoo Na Hrádečku" (in Czech). Zoo Na Hrádečku. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
8. "Malíkov nad Nežárkou" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-07-16.
9. "Návesní kaple Panny Marie Loretánské" (in Czech). National Heritage Institute. Retrieved 2023-07-16.

External links

• Official website