Hermacha

Hermacha
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Chelicerata
Class:	Arachnida
Order:	Araneae
Infraorder:	Mygalomorphae
Family:	Entypesidae
Genus:	Hermacha Simon, 1889[1]
Type species
H. caudata Simon, 1889
Species
17, see text
Synonyms[1]
Damarchodes Simon, 1903[2] Hermachola Hewitt, 1915[2]

Hermacha is a genus of mygalomorphae spiders in the family Entypesidae. It was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1889.[3] Originally placed with the Ctenizidae,[3] it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985,[2] then to the Entypesidae in 2020.[4] It is a senior synonym of Damarchodes and Hermachola.[2]

Species

As of January 2023^[update] it contains 17 species, found in Africa, Colombia, and Brazil:[1]

• Hermacha anomala (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil
• Hermacha brevicauda Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
• Hermacha caudata Simon, 1889 (type) – Mozambique
• Hermacha conspersa Mello-Leitão, 1941 – Colombia
• Hermacha evanescens Purcell, 1903 – South Africa
• Hermacha fossor (Bertkau, 1880) – Brazil
• Hermacha fulva Tucker, 1917 – South Africa
• Hermacha itatiayae Mello-Leitão, 1923 – Brazil
• Hermacha lanata Purcell, 1902 – South Africa
• Hermacha maraisae Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
• Hermacha mazoena Hewitt, 1915 – South Africa
• Hermacha montana Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
• Hermacha nigrispinosa Tucker, 1917 – South Africa
• Hermacha purcelli (Simon, 1903) – South Africa
• Hermacha septemtrionalis Ríos-Tamayo, Engelbrecht & Goloboff, 2021 – South Africa
• Hermacha sericea Purcell, 1902 – South Africa
• Hermacha tuckeri Raven, 1985 – South Africa

Formerly included:

• H. bicolor (Pocock, 1897) (Transferred to Brachytheliscus)
• H. capensis (Ausserer, 1871) (Transferred to Hermachola)
• H. crudeni Hewitt, 1913 (Transferred to Hermachola)
• H. grahami (Hewitt, 1915) (Transferred to Hermachola)
• H. iricolor Mello-Leitão, 1923 (Transferred to Rachias)
• H. leporina Simon, 1891 (Transferred to Stenoterommata)
• H. curvipes Purcell, 1902 (Transferred to Ekapa)
• H. nigra Tucker, 1917 (Transferred to Ekapa)'

Nomen dubium

• H. nigromarginata Strand, 1907

See also

• List of Entypesidae species

References

1. Gloor, Daniel; Nentwig, Wolfgang; Blick, Theo; Kropf, Christian (2020). "Gen. Hermacha Simon, 1889". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
2. Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 85.
3. Simon, E. (1889). "Descriptions d'espèces africaines nouvelles de la famille des Aviculariidae". Actes de la Société Linnéenne de Bordeaux. 42: 405–415.
4. Opatova, V.; et al. (2020). "Phylogenetic systematics and evolution of the spider infraorder Mygalomorphae using genomic scale data" (PDF). Systematic Biology. 69 (4): 701–702. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syz064. PMID 31841157.

Further reading

• Tucker, R. W. E. (1917). "On some South African Aviculariidae (Arachnida). Families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Diplotheleae and Dipluridae". Annals of the South African Museum. 17: 79–138.
• Raven, R. J. (1985). "The spider infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): Cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182: 1–180.
• Purcell, W. F. (1902). "New South African trap-door spiders of the family Ctenizidae in the collection of the South African Museum". Transactions of the South African Philosophical Society. 11: 348–382. doi:10.1080/21560382.1900.9525972.
• Hewitt, J. (1915). "New South African Arachnida". Annals of the Natal Museum. 3: 289–327. doi:10.5962/bhl.part.7433.
• Purcell, W. F. (1903). "New South African spiders of the families Migidae, Ctenizidae, Barychelidae Dipluridae, and Lycosidae". Annals of the South African Museum. 3: 69–142.