On November 20, 1824, the southern portion of Sussex County was set off to create Warren County. The northern portions of both Hardwick and Independence townships, remained in Sussex County and were incorporated as Green Township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on December 27, 1824.[19]
In 1829, part of Green Township were transferred to Byram Township, and in 1853 Green Township was expanded to include a section of the old Newtown Township. On February 24, 1904, Fredon Township was incorporated from a portion of the township.[19] In 1881, the area was listed as 19.65 square miles (50.9 km2); and today Green encompasses 16.5 square miles (43 km2). The township was named after Ephraim Green, who settled near Greendell in 1770.[20] Many sections of Green retain their own unique identity, such as Tranquility, Huntsville, Greendell and Yellow Frame.[21]
Tranquility was originally known as Kennedytown, named for Amos Kennedy who settled here. When the location for the Tranquility Methodist Church was being chosen, a disagreement arose over erecting it in Allamuchy Township or Kennedytown. A compromise was affected, with the church being erected halfway between the two points. To memorialize the agreement, the church was named Tranquility. Later, Kennedytown took the church's name as its own.[21][22]
The westbound Lackawanna Limited coming off the Pequest Fill on the Lackawanna Cut-off in Tranquility, about 1-mile (1.6 km) east of the station in Greendell. This 1912 photo was the basis for a Phoebe Snow poster advertising how the Cut-Off cut off 11 miles (18 km) from the trip to Buffalo, New York. The so-called "borrow pits" that provided fill for the Pequest Fill can be seen to the right. The original Tranquility schoolhouse stood not far from this location, but was torn down to make way for the Pequest Fill. The Lackawanna Railroad paid for a new schoolhouse.
In 1911, the Lackawanna Cut-off rail line opened through Green Township, with a stop at Greendell station. The Cut-Off was part of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad's mainline from Hoboken to Buffalo. The line was abandoned in 1980 and the tracks were removed four years later.[23] New Jersey Transit is considering reactivating passenger service on the line extending to Scranton, Pennsylvania, with a proposed maintenance-of-way facility at Greendell that would incorporate the surviving station building.[24]
In August 2006, a documentary titled The History of Green Township was produced by Kelsey Falkowski. The video includes historical landmarks, interviews with lifelong citizens of Green Township, and leads up to the contemporary view of the township. Copies can be obtained through the Green Township Historical Society.[25]
Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Green township had a total area of 16.30 square miles (42.21 km2), including 16.03 square miles (41.53 km2) of land and 0.27 square miles (0.69 km2) of water (1.63%).[1][2]
Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Brighton Lakes, Buckmire Pond, Greendell, Huntsburg, Huntsville, Lincoln, Tranquility, Whitehall and Yellow Frame.[26]
Of the 1,181 households, 43.0% had children under the age of 18; 76.0% were married couples living together; 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present and 15.6% were non-families. Of all households, 11.2% were made up of individuals and 4.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04 and the average family size was 3.31.[16]
28.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 21.5% from 25 to 44, 33.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.9 years. For every 100 females, the population had 100.7 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 98.9 males.[16]
The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $103,693 (with a margin of error of +/− $15,229) and the median family income was $113,971 (+/− $20,140). Males had a median income of $85,591 (+/− $9,018) versus $50,583 (+/− $7,305) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $37,546 (+/− $3,396). About 1.3% of families and 2.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.[40]
2000 census
As of the 2000 United States census[13] there were 3,220 people, 1,046 households, and 890 families residing in the township. The population density was 199.0 inhabitants per square mile (76.8/km2). There were 1,069 housing units at an average density of 66.1 per square mile (25.5/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 96.49% White, 0.93% African American, 0.03% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 1.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.20% of the population.[38][39]
There were 1,046 households, out of which 45.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 78.9% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.9% were non-families. 11.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.07 and the average family size was 3.34.[38][39]
In the township the population was spread out, with 30.8% under the age of 18, 5.0% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 6.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.3 males.[38][39]
The median income for a household in the township was $84,847, and the median income for a family was $89,788. Males had a median income of $61,576 versus $33,393 for females. The per capita income for the township was $34,127. About 0.9% of families and 1.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.7% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.[38][39]
Government
Local government
Green Township is governed under the Township form of New Jersey municipal government, one of 141 municipalities (of the 564) statewide that use this form, the second-most commonly used form of government in the state.[41] The Township Committee is comprised of five members, who are elected directly by the voters at-large in partisan elections to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election in a three-year cycle.[6][42] At an annual reorganization meeting held during the first week of January, the Township Committee selects one of its members to serve as Mayor and another as Deputy Mayor.
As of 2024[update], members of the Green Township Committee are Mayor Margaret H. "Peg" Phillips (R, term on committee ends December 31, 2026; term as mayor ends 2024), Deputy Mayor Virginia "Ginny" Raffay (R, term on committee ends 2026; term as deputy mayor ends 2024), James DeYoung (R, 2024; elected to serve an unexpired term), Bader G. Qarmout (R, 2025) and Michael Rose (R, 2025).[3][43][44][45][46]
The Township Committee chose James DeYoung in March 2022 from the list of candidates submitted by the Republican municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2024 that became vacant following the death of Daniel Conkling the previous month.[47]
In March 2016, the Township Committee selected Bader Qarmout from a list of three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2016 that had been held by Jason Joseph Reinbold until his resignation; Qarmout served on an interim basis until the November 2016 general election, when he was selected to serve the balance of the term.[48]
Federal, state, and county representation
Green Township is located in the 7th Congressional District[49] and is part of New Jersey's 24th state legislative district.[50][51][52]
Sussex County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners whose five members are elected at-large in partisan elections on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year. At an annual reorganization meeting held in the beginning of January, the board selects a Commissioner Director and Deputy Director from among its members, with day-to-day supervision of the operation of the county delegated to a County Administrator.[57] As of 2025[update], Sussex County's Commissioners are
Director Jill Space (R, Wantage Township, 2025),[58]
Deputy Director Chris Carney (R, Frankford Township, 2027),[59]
Jack DeGroot (R, Sussex, 2026),[60]
William Hayden (R, Branchville, 2025)[61] and
Alan Henderson (R, Lafayette Township, 2027).[62][63]
Constitutional officers elected on a countywide basis are
Clerk Jeffrey M. Parrott (R, Wantage Township, 2026),[64]
Sheriff Michael F. Strada (R, Hampton Township, 2025)[65] and
Surrogate Gary R. Chiusano (R, Frankford Township, 2028).[66]
Politics
As of March 2011, there were a total of 2,449 registered voters in Green Township, of which 337 (13.8% vs. 16.5% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 1,015 (41.4% vs. 39.3%) were registered as Republicans and 1,096 (44.8% vs. 44.1%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There was one voter registered to another party.[67] Among the township's 2010 Census population, 68.0% (vs. 65.8% in Sussex County) were registered to vote, including 94.9% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 86.5% countywide).[67][68]
In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 1,206 votes (68.4% vs. 59.4% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 525 votes (29.8% vs. 38.2%) and other candidates with 28 votes (1.6% vs. 2.1%), among the 1,762 ballots cast by the township's 2,507 registered voters, for a turnout of 70.3% (vs. 68.3% in Sussex County).[69] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 1,271 votes (66.0% vs. 59.2% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 629 votes (32.7% vs. 38.7%) and other candidates with 19 votes (1.0% vs. 1.5%), among the 1,925 ballots cast by the township's 2,417 registered voters, for a turnout of 79.6% (vs. 76.9% in Sussex County).[70] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 1,270 votes (70.4% vs. 63.9% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 515 votes (28.5% vs. 34.4%) and other candidates with 15 votes (0.8% vs. 1.3%), among the 1,805 ballots cast by the township's 2,230 registered voters, for a turnout of 80.9% (vs. 77.7% in the whole county).[71]
In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 77.9% of the vote (802 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 19.1% (197 votes), and other candidates with 2.9% (30 votes), among the 1,045 ballots cast by the township's 2,576 registered voters (16 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 40.6%.[72][73] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 925 votes (70.1% vs. 63.3% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 257 votes (19.5% vs. 25.7%), Independent Chris Daggett with 116 votes (8.8% vs. 9.1%) and other candidates with 16 votes (1.2% vs. 1.3%), among the 1,320 ballots cast by the township's 2,404 registered voters, yielding a 54.9% turnout (vs. 52.3% in the county).[74]
Education
Students in public school for kindergarten through eighth grade attend the Green Township School District at Green Hills School.[75][76] As of the 2020–21 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 380 students and 39.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 9.5:1.[77] Green Hills began participating in New Jersey's Interdistrict Public School Choice Program beginning with the 2013–14 school year, under which students from outside Green Township may attend Green Hills as long as they live within a radius of 20 miles (32 km).[78]
As of May 2010[update], the township had a total of 49.28 miles (79.31 km) of roadways, of which 33.44 miles (53.82 km) were maintained by the municipality and 15.84 miles (25.49 km) by Sussex County.[82]
No Interstate, U.S. or state highways directly serve Green Township. The most prominent roadways are county routes, including County Route 517 and County Route 519.
Lucy Page Mercer Rutherfurd (1891–1948), interred in Green Township, she is considered by historians to have been a mistress of United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and was with him on the day he died in 1945[84]
^ abcTownship Committee General Information, Green Township. Accessed May 20, 2024. "The Township Committee members are elected officials whose three year terms of office begin on January 1 following their election at the November General Election. At the reorganization meeting during the first week of January, the Township Committee elects one of their members to be the Mayor and another to be the Deputy Mayor."
^Township Committee Meeting Minutes for March 15, 2022, Green Township. Accessed July 28, 2022. "Mayor Phillips reviewed the procedure for conducting the interviews and the selection of a candidate to temporarily fill the Township Committee's vacancy through December 31, 2022, due to the passing of Committeeman Daniel Conkling on February 25, 2022.... Mr. Qarmout nominated Mr. James DeYoung to fill the Township Committee Vacancy.... Swearing-in ceremony to be held at the March 21, 2022, Township Committee meeting."
^About County Government, Sussex County, New Jersey. Accessed May 20, 2024. "Sussex County is governed by five (5) Commissioners who are elected by the voters of Sussex County. Each serves on the county’s Board of County Commissioners for a term of three (3) years, after which time they can seek re‐election or retire.... The Commissioners are elected at‐large to serve three‐year staggered terms. The five Commissioners elect a director from among themselves to run their meetings and to serve as a spokesperson for the board."
^Green Township Board of Education District Policy 0110 -Identification, Green Township School District. Accessed July 29, 2022. "Purpose: The Board of Education exists for the purpose of providing a thorough and efficient system of free public education in grades Pre-Kindergarten through eight in the Green Township School District. Composition: The Green Township School District is comprised of all the area within the municipal boundaries of Green Township."
^Green Township School District 2016 Report Card NarrativeArchived October 24, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed July 13, 2017. "The Green Hills School provides a comprehensive education for the students of Green Township from grades Kindergarten through eighth grade, while sending its secondary students to Newton High School through a sending/receiving relationship. Green Hills is a Public School Choice district and can accept students from a 20-mile radius."
^Welcome, Newton Public School District. Accessed October 23, 2. "The Newton Public School District is a K-12 district with an enrollment over 1,500 students in our elementary, middle, and high schools. The high school is home to Newton residents as well as students from neighboring Andover Borough, Andover Township, and Green Township."
^Frisch, Gary. "Green Township 'Hunk' Among N.J.'s "Top 40 Under 40" in Business", Hopatcong-Sparta, NJ, Patch, August 25, 2014. Accessed April 21, 2023. "New Jersey entrepreneur Stephen Bienko, whose Montville company, 42 Holdings, LLC, is the largest owner of College Hunks Hauling Junk and Moving franchise territories, has been selected by NJBIZ Magazine as one of its 2014 '40 Under 40' top business people in the state. The 37-year-old, who lives in Allamuchy and grew up in Green Township, will be recognized along with his co-honorees at an awards banquet Sept. 29 at The Palace at Somerset Park, in Somerset."
^"Possible FDR affair has Green Twp. connection", KWWL, January 28, 2012. Accessed February 20, 2013. "Mercer is of particular interest to Sussex County residents as she and her husband Winthrop Rutherfurd maintained a home in Allamuchy and they are buried in the Tranquility Cemetery in Green."
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