General Defense Command

General Defense Command
Japanese: 防衛総司令部 Bōei Soshireibu
Active	July 5, 1941 – April 8, 1945
Country	Empire of Japan
Allegiance	Emperor of Japan
Branch	Imperial Japanese Army
Type	General Army
Garrison/HQ	Tokyo

The General Defense Command (防衛総司令部, Bōei Soshireibu) was a headquarters organization and general army of the Imperial Japanese Army, established to control all land and air units stationed within Japan proper, Korea and Taiwan during World War II.

History

The General Defense Command was established on July 5, 1941 under the direct command of the Emperor via the Imperial General Headquarters. For administrative, recruiting and accounting purposes, Japan was divided into six army districts, each with a garrison force equivalent to an army corps:

• Eastern District Army – HQ in Tokyo and responsible for the Kantō region and northern Honshū
• Western District Army – HQ in Fukuoka and responsible for southwestern Honshū, Shikoku and the Ryukyu Islands.
• Northern District Army – HQ in Sapporo and responsible for Hokkaidō and Karafuto.
• Central District Army – HQ in Osaka and responsible for central Honshū.
• Chosen Army – HQ in Keijo and responsible for Korea
• Taiwan Army – HQ in Taihoku and responsible for Taiwan.

The General Defense Command was also responsible for anti-aircraft defenses, and for organizing civil defense training.

On April 8, 1945, in preparation for Operation Downfall (or Operation Ketsugō (決号作戦, Ketsugō sakusen) in Japanese terminology), the General Defense Command was dissolved, and its duties assumed by the new First General Army and Second General Army.

List of Commanders

Commanding officer

	Name	From	To
1	General Otozō Yamada	7 July 1941	9 December 1941
2	Field Marshal Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko	9 December 1941	15 April 1945

Chief of Staff

	Name	From	To
1	Lieutenant General Torashirō Kawabe	31 July 1941	1 December 1941
2	Lieutenant General Asasaburo Kobayashi	1 December 1941	10 June 1943
3	Lieutenant General Tadayoshi Sano	10 June 1943	29 March 1944
4	Lieutenant General Asasaburo Kobayashi	28 March 1944	1 February 1945
5	Lieutenant General Einosuke Sudo	1 February 1945	6 April 1945

See also

• Armies of the Imperial Japanese Army

References

Books

• Drea, Edward J. (1998). "Japanese Preparations for the Defense of the Homeland & Intelligence Forecasting for the Invasion of Japan". In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army. University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-1708-0.
• Frank, Richard B (1999). Downfall: The End of the Imperial Japanese Empire. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-679-41424-X.
• Jowett, Bernard (1999). The Japanese Army 1931-45 (Volume 2, 1942-45). Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-354-3.
• Madej, Victor (1981). Japanese Armed Forces Order of Battle, 1937-1945. Game Publishing Company. ASIN: B000L4CYWW.
• Marston, Daniel (2005). The Pacific War Companion: From Pearl Harbor to Hiroshima. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-882-0.
• Skates, John Ray (1994). The Invasion of Japan: Alternative to the Bomb Downfall. New York: University of South Carolina Press. ISBN 0-87249-972-3.

External links

• Wendel, Marcus. "Axis History Factbook". General Defense Command.