Silver punch-marked coins[1] were minted as currency belonging to a period of intensive trade activity and urban development by the Mahajanapadas.[2][3]
1 AD
Indian subcontinent under the Gupta Empire united much of the subcontinent, contained 33.21% of the world’s population and contributed to around 33 to 35% of World's GDP[3] and generated an estimated average of $450 (1990 dollars) PPP per annum.
Middle Ages
1000
Indian subcontinent contained an estimated 28.05% of the world's population, and contributed to around 30 to 33% of world's GDP.[4] Individually generated an estimated average of $450 (1990 dollars) PPP per annum, and collectively produced $33,750 million.[4]
Indian subcontinent, mostly under the Mughal Empire (after the conquest of the Delhi Sultanate and Bengal Sultanate) became economically 10 times more powerful than the contemporary Kingdom of France,[7] contained an estimated 24.27% of the world's population, and who individually generated an estimated average of $550 (1990 dollars) PPP per annum, and collectively produced $4,250 million, of the world's $31,344 million (4.41%),[8]
China was the world's largest economy followed by the UK and India. Industrial revolution in the UK catapulted the nation to the top league of Europe for the first time ever. During this period, British foreign and economic policies began treating India as an unequal partner for the first time.[16]
1850
The gross domestic product of India in 1850 dropped to 5–10% and was estimated at about 40 per cent that of China. British cotton exports reach 30 per cent of the Indian market by 1850.[17]
India's economy had a 9.2% share of world income under the British Empire.[18]
1900
Under the British Empire, India's share of manufacturing declined to 2% of global industrial output.[12]
1913
India's economy had a 5.4% share of world income under the British Empire.[18]
1930
Indian subcontinent contained an estimated 336.4 of the world's 2,070 million people (16.25%), and who individually generated an estimated average of $726 (1990 dollars) per annum, and collectively produced $244,097 million, of the world's $3,800,000 million (6.42%)
Beginning of short-lived coalition govts. India's economy is $1.560 trillion (purchasing power parity) accounting for a 3.9% share of world GDP, the fifth largest in the world.[20]
2004
First NDA govt ends, inflation is 3.8%. India's economy is $2.870 trillion (purchasing power parity) accounting for a 4.7%[21] share of world GDP, the fourth largest.[20]
2010
India's economy is $4.002 trillion (purchasing power parity) which accounts for a 4.5%[21] share of world income, the fourth largest in the world in terms of real GDP (PPP).[22]
2012
Second half of UPA-2 and Inflation 10%.[23] India's economy is $4.825 trillion (purchasing power parity), the third largest in the world in terms of real GDP (PPP).[24]
NDA-2 and inflation is 3.8%.[23] India's economy is $9.448 trillion (purchasing power parity)[20] and accounts for a 6.8% share of world GDP (PPP).[25]
2021
As of 2021, India's economy is $10.207 trillion (purchasing power parity)[26] and accounts for a 7.19% share of world GDP (PPP).[27]
^Bowen, H. V. Business of Empire: The East India Company and Imperial Britain, 1756–1833 (2006), 304pp
^ abMao Peiqi (2006). The Seventeen Emperors of the Ming Dynasty. 光明日报出版社. ISBN978-7-80206-237-5.
^ abParthasarathi, Prasannan (2011), Why Europe Grew Rich and Asia Did Not: Global Economic Divergence, 1600–1850, Cambridge University Press, p. 2, ISBN978-1-139-49889-0
^Kumar, Dharma and Meghnad Desai, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of India: Volume 2, c.1751-c.1970 (1983).
^Om Prakash, "Empire, Mughal", History of World Trade Since 1450, edited by John J. McCusker, vol. 1, Macmillan Reference USA, 2006, pp. 237–240, World History in Context. Retrieved 3 August 2017
Maddison, Angus (2007). Contours of the world economy, 1–2030 AD : essays in macro-economic history. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0199227204.
