Dorothy Blum

Dorothy Toplitzky Blum
Born(1924-02-21)February 21, 1924
New York City, US
Alma materBrooklyn College
Occupation(s)Computer scientist, cryptanalyst
Employer(s)National Security Agency, US Army

Dorothy Toplitzky Blum (February 21, 1924 – October 1980)[1] was an American computer scientist and cryptanalyst. She worked for the National Security Agency and its predecessors from 1944 until her death in 1980.

Early life

Dorothy Toplitzky was born in 1924 in New York City to Austro-Hungarian immigrant parents.[2]

Career

After graduating from Brooklyn College in 1944, she joined the cryptologic unit of the U.S. Army.[3] This unit focused on cryptanalysis, the study of analyzing information systems to gain access to hidden aspects of systems,[4] in this case, the Axis powers' encrypted messages. After World War II, she worked for the United States Armed Forces Security Agency and later the National Security Agency (NSA).[3]

During her time at the NSA in the 1950s, Blum was tasked with "keep[ing] abreast of the latest advances in the field of computing" and recommended computer technologies that could be adapted for cryptanalysis and communications intelligence.[3] This included her use of the FORTRAN programing language[5] beginning three years before its public release in 1957.[3] She wrote computer software for the NSA and spearheaded the effort to teach NSA employees to write cryptanalytic programs.[3]

Throughout the 1960s and 1970s, Blum continued to work in the field of computer science, helping to design the NSA's computer systems and automate processes. In 1972, she became the chief of the NSA Computer Operations Organization (C7), the only woman at the time in the organization's management hierarchy.[3] She was appointed chief of Plans and Project Development Organization (T4) in the Telecommunications and Computer Services Organization in 1977.[3] She was also involved in the Women in NSA (WIN) group.[6]

Legacy

Blum died from cancer in October 1980, aged 56.[7] An internal award at the NSA - the Dorothy T Blum Award for excellence in employee personal and professional development - was named after her.[3] In 2004, she was inducted into the NSA Hall of Honor.[6] An official NSA biography states that, in her 36-year career, Blum "significantly changed the way NSA did cryptanalysis."[3] She was also elected one of the top 100 "most outstanding women in the federal government."[8]

Personal life

In 1950, she married NSA mathematician Joseph Blum,[9] and they later had a son, David Blum.[10]

References

  1. ^ "Die Lady von der NSA" (in German). Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum. January 22, 2016. Retrieved April 13, 2016.
  2. ^ "Die Lady von der NSA HNF Blog". blog.hnf.de. Archived from the original on 2016-04-01. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Dorothy T. Blum". www.nsa.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-09-18. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  4. ^ "Cryptanalysis", Wikipedia, 2021-08-04, retrieved 2021-08-30
  5. ^ "Fortran", Wikipedia, 2021-08-22, retrieved 2021-08-30
  6. ^ a b "Dorothy T. Blum (1924–1980)". National Security Agency. January 15, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2016.
  7. ^ "Cryptologic Almanac 50th Anniversary Series – Dorothy Toplitzky Blum: A Pioneer Computer Scientist" (PDF) (Press release). National Security Agency. March 5, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 26, 2015. Retrieved April 13, 2016.
  8. ^ "Dorothy Blum". National Security Agency. January 15, 2009. Retrieved April 13, 2016.
  9. ^ "Joseph Blum Papers". American University. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  10. ^ "Obituaries". The Washington Post.