"Do not stand by my grave and weep" is the first line and popular title of the bereavement poem "Immortality", written by Clare Harner in 1934. Often now used is a slight variant: "Do not stand at my grave and weep".
Origins
Kansas native Clare Harner (1909–1977) first published "Immortality" in the December 1934 issue of poetry magazine The Gypsy[1] and was reprinted in their February 1935 issue. It was written shortly after the sudden death of her brother. Harner's poem quickly gained traction as a eulogy and was read at funerals in Kansas and Missouri. It was soon reprinted in the Kansas City Times and the Kansas City Bar Bulletin.[1]: 426 [2]
Harner earned a degree in industrial journalism and clothing design at Kansas State University.[3] Several of her other poems were published and anthologized. She married a Marine named David Lyon, and appended his last name to hers. They moved to San Francisco where she continued to work as a journalist for Fairchild Fashion Media.[1]: 425
Plagiarism
The poem is often attributed to anonymous or incorrect sources, such as the Hopi and Navajo tribes.[1]: 423 The most notable claimant was Mary Elizabeth Frye (1905–2004), who often handed out xeroxed copies of the poem with her name attached. She was first wrongly cited as the author of the poem in 1983.[4] In her obituary, it was asserted that her authorship was "undisputed" and confirmed by Dear Abby.[5] However, Pauline Phillips and her daughter Jeanne Phillips, writing as Abigail van Buren, repeatedly confessed to their readers that they could not confirm who had written the popular poem.[1]: 427–8 [6]
Original version
Below is the version published in The Gypsy of December 1934 (page 16), under the title "Immortality" and followed by the author's name and location: "CLARE HARNER, Topeka, Kan."[1]: 424 The indentation and line breaks are as given there.
Do not stand
By my grave, and weep.
I am not there,
I do not sleep—
I am the thousand winds that blow
I am the diamond glints in snow
I am the sunlight on ripened grain,
I am the gentle, autumn rain.
As you awake with morning’s hush,
I am the swift, up-flinging rush
Of quiet birds in circling flight,
I am the day transcending night.
Do not stand
By my grave, and cry—
I am not there,
I did not die.
— Clare Harner, The Gypsy, December 1934
Other versions
The poem on a gravestone in Mount Jerome, Dublin, IrelandThe poem, on a plaque at the Albin Memorial Gardens, Culling Road, London SE16
Other versions of the poem appeared later, usually without attribution, such as the one below.[7] Differing words are shown in italics.
Do not stand at my grave and weep,
I am not there, I do not sleep.
I am a thousand winds that blow;
I am the diamond glints on the snow.
I am the sunlight on ripened grain;
I am the gentle autumn's rain. When you awaken in the morning's hush,
I am the swift uplifting rush
Of quiet birds in circled flight.
I am the soft star that shines at night.
Do not stand at my grave and cry.
I am not there; I did not die.
The poem is twelve lines long, rhyming in couplets. Each line is in iambic tetrameter, except for lines five and seven, the fifth having an extra syllable, the seventh, two extra.[8][9][10]
In popular culture
It is one of the poems recited by the children in an Irish reform school in the film Song for a Raggy Boy.
It provides the lyric in the popular choir anthem "In Remembrance", with music by Eleanor Daey and lyrics attributed to "anonymous". Copyright 1995 by Gordon V. Thompson Music, Toronto, Canada.
A common reading at funerals and remembrance ceremonies, the poem was introduced to many in the United Kingdom when it was read by the father of a soldier killed by a bomb in Northern Ireland. The soldier's father read the poem on BBC radio in 1995 in remembrance of his son, who had left the poem among his personal effects in an envelope addressed 'To all my loved ones'.
The poem's first four lines are engraved on one of the stones of the Everest Memorial, Chukpi Lhara, in Dhugla Valley, near Everest. Reference to the wind and snow and the general theme of the poem, the absence of the departed, particularly resonate with the loved ones of those who "disappeared" in the mountain range to whom the memorial is dedicated.
The poem is read by Lisa (played by Kerry Godliman), the dying wife of lead character Tony (played by Ricky Gervais) in the final episode of the Netflix series After Life.
The poem is sung in Season 5 Episode 2 of the NBC TV series Third Watch.
The poem is recited at the funeral of Sir Freddy Butler (played by Joss Ackland) by Lady Annabel Butler (played by Siân Phillips) in the Episode 3 of Season 9 of Midsomer Murders ("Vixen's Run").
The poem was recited on live broadcast at the funeral of Michael Hutchence, the founding member and lead singer of rock band INXS, by his sister Tina Hutchence on 27 November 1997[15]
A Japanese translation of the poem, entitled Sen no Kaze ni Natte, was put to music by Masafumi Akikawa and became a number one single. Others have also covered the song.
A variation of the poem is part of the lyrics of "Requiem for Frenchcore", a hardstyle song by the artist Sefa
BBC poll
To coincide with National Poetry Day 1995, the British television programme The Bookworm conducted a poll to discover the nation's favourite poems, and subsequently published the winning poems in book form.[16] The book's preface stated that "Do Not Stand at My Grave and Weep" was "the unexpected poetry success of the year from Bookworm's point of view"; the poem had "provoked an extraordinary response... the requests started coming in almost immediately and over the following weeks the demand rose to a total of some thirty thousand. In some respects it became the nation's favourite poem by proxy... despite it being outside the competition."[17] This was all the more remarkable, since the name and nationality of the American poet did not become known until several years later. In 2004 The Times wrote: "The verse demonstrated a remarkable power to soothe loss. It became popular, crossing national boundaries for use on bereavement cards and at funerals regardless of race, religion or social status".[5]
^Peterson, Bettelou (15 November 1981). "Spotty Reception". Detroit Free Press. page 158 of issue at newspapers.com; page 4 of The TV Book section. Retrieved 18 December 2020 – via Newspapers.com. [T]he poem that was used[...] in the NBC movie Better Late Than Never[...] The graveside eulogy, read by Harold Gould in the 1979 movie, caught many ears the first time around too. John Carpenter, one of the co-authors of the script, said he heard 'Immortality,' credited to the late Clara Harner Lyon, of California, read by John Wayne at the 1977 funeral of director Howard Hawks.
