Description

For other uses, see Description (disambiguation).

"Describe" redirects here. For the musician, see DeScribe.

Description is any type of communication that aims to make vivid a place, object, person, group, or other physical entity.[1] It is one of four rhetorical modes (also known as modes of discourse), along with exposition, argumentation, and narration.[2]

Fiction writing

Fiction writing specifically has modes such as action, exposition, description, dialogue, summary, and transition.[3] Author Peter Selgin refers to methods, including action, dialogue, thoughts, summary, scenes, and description.[4]

Description is the mode for transmitting a mental image of the particulars of a story. Together with dialogue, narration, exposition, and summarization, it is one of the most widely recognized of the fiction-writing modes. As stated in Writing from A to Z, edited by Kirk Polking, it is more than the amassing of details; it is bringing something to life by carefully choosing and arranging words and phrases to produce the desired effect.[5]

Purple prose

Main article: Purple prose

A purple patch is an over-written passage in which the writer has strained too hard to achieve an impressive effect, by elaborate figures or other means. The phrase (Latin: "purpureus pannus") was first used by the Roman poet Horace in his Ars Poetica (c. 20 BC) to denote an irrelevant and excessively ornate passage; the sense of irrelevance is normally absent in modern usage, although such passages are usually incongruous. By extension, purple prose is lavishly figurative, rhythmic, or otherwise overwrought.[6]

Philosophy

In philosophy, the nature of description has been an important question since Bertrand Russell's classical texts.[7]

See also

• Anthropomorphism
• Cliché
• Diction
• Grammatical modifier
• Grammatical voice
• Metaphors
• Nouns
• Objectification
• Personification
• Referential density
• Relevance
• Rhetorical devices
• Simile
• Species description
• Verisimilitude

Notes

1. Crews (1977, p. 13)
2. Crews (1977, p. 13)
3. Morrell (2006), p. 127
4. Selgin (2007), p. 38
5. Polking (1990), p. 106
6. Baldick (2004)
7. Ludlow, Peter (2007), Descriptions, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

References

• Baldick, Chris (2004), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms, Oxford: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-860883-7
• Crews, Frederick (1977), The Random House Handbook (2nd ed.), New York: Random House, ISBN 0-394-31211-2
• Marshall, Evan (1998). The Marshall Plan for Novel Writing. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. pp. 143–165. ISBN 1-58297-062-9.
• Morrell, Jessica Page (2006). Between the Lines: Master the Subtle Elements of Fiction Writing. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. p. 127. ISBN 978-1-58297-393-7.
• Ogilvie, Brian W. (2006). The science of describing: Natural history in renaissance Europe. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0226620875.
• Polking, Kirk (1990). Writing A to Z. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. ISBN 0-89879-435-8.
• Rozakis, Laurie (2003). The Complete Idiot's Guide to Grammar and Style, 2nd Edition. Alpha. ISBN 978-1-59257-115-4
• Selgin, Peter (2007). By Cunning & Craft: Sound Advice and Practical Wisdom for fiction writers. Cincinnati, OH: Writer's Digest Books. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-58297-491-0.