Extinct genus of spore-bearing plants
Cyclodendron was a genus of lycophytes dating from the Permian . Plants were vascularized with reproduction by spores .
Taxonomy and distribution
The type species, C. leslii , was originally described by Seward in 1903 under the name Bothrodendron leslii and based on specimens collected in Vereeniging , Atherstone Quarry and Port Alfred , South Africa . In 1928, Kräusel would reassign this species to his newly-erected genus Cyclodendron , to which he also assigned specimens from southwest Africa and Uganda .[ 1] Later authors would recognize more fossils from other Permian Gondwanan localities to belong to this species, including Australia (Reids Dome beds), India and Oman (Gharif Formation ).[ 2] [ 3] [ 4]
In Brazil , the fossil of indefinite species of the genus Cyclodendron , was located on outcrop Morro Papaléo in the city of Mariana Pimentel . They are in the geopark Paleorrota in Rio Bonito Formation and date from Sakmarian at Permian .[ 5]
In 2012, C. golondrinensis was described from specimens collected in the Permian-aged La Golondrina Formation of Santa Cruz Province, Argentina . It is named after the formation.[ 6]
The species C. andreisii was described in 2014 based on a series of sequentially decorticated stems. The fossil specimens were discovered in the upper Permian Yaguarí Formation of Uruguay .[ 7]
References
^ Rayner, R J; Rayner, R. J. (1985). "The Permian lycopod Cyclodendron leslii from South Africa" . Palaeontology . 28 : 111– 120. ISSN 0031-0239 .
^ Beeston, J.W. (January 1990). "Cyclodendron leslii (Seward) Kräusel 1928 and associated palynomorphs in the Early Permian Reids Dome beds, Queensland, Australia" . Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology . 14 (4): 325– 330. Bibcode :1990Alch...14..325B . doi :10.1080/03115519008619063 . ISSN 0311-5518 .
^ Goswami, Shreerup; Jeet Singh, Kamal; Chandra, Shaila (2006-12-15). "Pteridophytes from Lower Gondwana formations of the Ib River Coalfield, Orissa and their diversity and distribution in the Permian of India" . Journal of Asian Earth Sciences . 28 (4): 234– 250. Bibcode :2006JAESc..28..234G . doi :10.1016/j.jseaes.2005.09.009 . ISSN 1367-9120 .
^ Berthelin, M.; Broutin, J.; Kerp, H.; Crasquin-Soleau, S.; Platel, J.-P.; Roger, J. (July 2003). "The Oman Gharif mixed paleoflora: a useful tool for testing Permian Pangea reconstructions" . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology . 196 (1– 2): 85– 98. Bibcode :2003PPP...196...85B . doi :10.1016/S0031-0182(03)00314-6 .
^ Afloramento Morro do Papaléo, Mariana Pimentel, RS
^ Cariglino, Bárbara; Coturel, Eliana P.; Gutiérrez, Pedro R. (December 2012). "The lycophytes of the La Golondrina Formation (Permian), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina: systematic revision, biostratigraphy and palaeoecology" . Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology . 36 (4): 427– 449. Bibcode :2012Alch...36..427C . doi :10.1080/03115518.2012.663582 . hdl :11336/67877 . ISSN 0311-5518 . S2CID 128462002 .
^ Herbst, Rafael; Gutiérrez, Pedro R. (1995). "CYCLODENDRON ANDREISII NOV. SP. (LYCOPODIOPSIDACEAE, LYCOPHYTA) DEL PERMICO SUPERIOR DE URUGUAY" . Ameghiniana (in Spanish). 32 (2): 141– 150. ISSN 1851-8044 .