Cyclocosmia is a genus of mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family Halonoproctidae, first described by Anton Ausserer in 1871.[4] Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, when the family split in 2018, this genus was placed with the Halonoproctidae as the type genus.[5] The name is derived from the Greek "kyklos" (κυκλος), meaning "circle", and "kosmeo" (κοσμεω), meaning "to adorn".[6]
Description
C. ricketti females are 28 millimetres (1.1 in) long, with a disk diameter of 16 millimetres (0.63 in). Their burrows are 7 to 15 centimetres (2.8 to 5.9 in) deep, and only the bottom portion of the burrow is silk lined.[7]
These are trapdoor spiders, whose species are distinguished from each other by the pattern of the abdominal disk, the number of hairs on its seam, and the shape of the spermathecae. They have abdomens that are abruptly truncated, ending in a hardened disc that is strengthened by a system of ribs and grooves. They use this to clog the entrance of their burrows when threatened,[8] a phenomenon called phragmosis. The disks have strong spines around the edge, and they each have four spinnerets just anterior to it. The posterior, retractable spinnerets are particularly large.
Species
As of April 2019[update] it contains ten species:[1]
^Gertsch, W. J.; Platnick, N. I. (1975). "A revision of the trapdoor spider genus Cyclocosmia (Araneae, Ctenizidae)". American Museum Novitates (2580): 5.
^Ausserer, A. (1871). "Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Arachniden-Familie der Territelariae Thorell (Mygalidae Autor)". Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien. 21: 117–224.
^Godwin, R. L.; et al. (2018). "Phylogeny of a cosmopolitan family of morphologically conserved trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae, Ctenizidae) using Anchored Hybrid Enrichment, with a description of the family, Halonoproctidae Pocock 1901". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 126: 307. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.04.008. PMID29656103. S2CID4890400.
