Cordulegaster bidentata

Cordulegaster bidentata
Male, Romania
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Infraorder: Anisoptera
Family: Cordulegastridae
Genus: Cordulegaster
Species:
C. bidentata
Binomial name
Cordulegaster bidentata
Selys, 1843

Cordulegaster bidentata, also known as sombre goldenring or two-toothed goldenring, is a species of dragonfly in the family Cordulegastridae.[2]

Description

This species is identifiable by its black body and yellow rings.[3] Adults are approximately 8 centimetres (3.1 in) in body length with a 10 centimetres (3.9 in) wingspan, and have a similar appearance to the related species Cordulegaster boltonii.[4]

Distribution and habitat

C. bidentata is primarily found in Central and Southern Europe,[5] spreading as far south as Sicily, where the subspecies C. bidentata sicilica is found.[2] It lives primarily around mountain springs.[6] This species is scattered throughout Central and Western Europe. The population rate is declining, the biggest threat to this species being droughts which are a result of global warming.[2]

Behaviour and development

Larva

C. bidentata breeds in mountain springs, and the larvae are benthic, living in the lowest reaches of the water.[7] As a result of this, larval sites are difficult to locate and study. Breeding takes place in May–June, with eggs being laid in the upper reaches of the streams. Larval development takes between three and five years, and can be slowed if cold weather causes the water to freeze.[4] The larvae may sometimes leave the water, hunting for small arthropods on the ground at night.[8]

References

  1. ^ Paulson, D.R. (2020). "Cordulegaster bidentata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T165498A140229216. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T165498A140229216.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Cordulegaster bidentata". ICUN redlist. ICUN. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  3. ^ "Sombre goldenring (Cordulegaster bidentata)". Arkive.org. Archived from the original on 2014-10-24. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  4. ^ a b "Cordulegaster bidentata". Odonata on stamps. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  5. ^ "Sombre Goldenring (Cordulegaster bidentata)". Dragonflypix. Archived from the original on 23 October 2014. Retrieved 17 October 2014.
  6. ^ Brunke, Matthew (Dec 2003). "Patchiness of River: Groundwater Interactions within Two Floodplain Landscapes and Diversity of Aquatic Invertebrate Communities". Ecosystems. 6 (8): 713. doi:10.1007/pl00021501. JSTOR 3658648. S2CID 23856797.
  7. ^ Victor Fet; Alexi Popov (21 June 2007). Biogeography and Ecology of Bulgaria. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 224. ISBN 978-1-4020-4417-5.
  8. ^ Suhling, F.; Sahlén, G.; Gorb, S.; Kalkman, V.J.; Dijkstra, K.-D.B.; van Tol, J. (2015). "Order Odonata". In Thorp, James; Rogers, D. Christopher (eds.). Ecology and general biology. Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates (4 ed.). Academic Press. pp. 893–932. ISBN 9780123850263.
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