Ceratophaga

Ceratophaga
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Tineidae
Subfamily:	Tineinae
Genus:	Ceratophaga Petersen, 1957
Species
Ceratophaga haidarabadi Zagulajev, 1966 Ceratophaga orientalis Ceratophaga vastella Ceratophaga vicinella

An African species of horn moth, Ceratophaga vastella, on old kudu horns. Cases with the exuviae of the emerged moths protruding from the open ends are empty, while intact cases with their ends still closed, contain larvae or pupae of the moths.

Ceratophaga is a genus of moths belonging to the family Tineidae. The name "ceratophaga" is derived from the Greek for "horn eater". Sixteen species are currently recognised, widespread in the Afrotropical realm and Asia. In the Americas one species has been described: Ceratophaga vicinella, which occurs in the southeastern United States. Twelve of the known species occur in Africa, and of those Ceratophaga vastella is perhaps the best-known.

The larvae of most Tineidae (of which clothes moths are the most familiar) have adapted to feeding on non-herbaceous material, but Ceratophaga are remarkable in that they feed, apparently exclusively, on solid keratin from dead vertebrates. For most species this usually means the horns and hooves of ungulates, but the North American Ceratophaga vicinella feeds on the shells of the tortoise Gopherus polyphemus.

References

• A Caterpillar that Eats Tortoise Shells