Bystrowiana

Bystrowiana Temporal range: Lopingian to Early Triassic
Bystrowiana permira
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Reptiliomorpha (?)
Order:	†Chroniosuchia
Family:	†Bystrowianidae
Genus:	†Bystrowiana Vyushkov, 1957
Species
†B. permira Vyushkov, 1957 (type) †B. sinica Young, 1979

Bystrowiana is an extinct genus of bystrowianid chroniosuchian from upper Permian deposits of Vladimir Region, Russia[1] and Jiyuan, China.[2] Chroniosuchians are often thought to be reptiliomorphs,[3] but some recent phylogenetic analyses suggest instead that they are stem-tetrapods.[4] The genus is named in honour of the Russian paleontologist Alexey Bystrow. It was first described by Vyushkov in 1957 and the type species is Bystrowiana permira.[1] Two species—B. permira and B. sinica—are known.[5]

Bystrowiana is known from a 30 cm skull, which suggests it was a large animal, up to 2.5 m (8.2 ft) in total body length.[6]

Phylogeny

Bystrowiana in a cladogram after Novikov (2018) showing internal relationships of bystrowianids based on differences in their osteoderms:[7]

Bystrowianidae	Dromotectinae Axitectinae Bystrowianinae Bystrowiella Synesuchus Vyushkoviana Bystrowiana

References

1. V. K. Golubev (1998). "Narrow-armored Chroniosuchians (Amphibia, Anthracosauromorpha) from the Late Permian of Eastern Europe" (PDF). Paleontological Journal. 32 (3): 278–287.
2. Young, C.C. (1979). "A new Late Permian fauna from Jiyuan, Honan". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 17 (2): 99–113.
3. Michael Buchwitz; Christian Foth; Ilja Kogan; Sebastian Voigt (2012). "On the use of osteoderm features in a phylogenetic approach on the internal relationships of the Chroniosuchia (Tetrapoda: Reptiliomorpha)". Palaeontology. 55 (3): 623–640. Bibcode:2012Palgy..55..623B. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01137.x.
4. Laurin, M. (2010). How Vertebrates Left the Water. Berkeley, California, USA.: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26647-6.
5. Florian Witzmann; Rainer R. Schoch; Michael W. Maisch (2008). "A relict basal tetrapod from Germany: first evidence of a Triassic chroniosuchian outside Russia" (PDF). Naturwissenschaften. 95 (1): 67–72. Bibcode:2008NW.....95...67W. doi:10.1007/s00114-007-0291-6. PMID 17653527. S2CID 8161364.
6. "Seymouria : Message: Permian - Bystrowiana: A Reptiliomorph".
7. Novikov A.V. (2018). Early Triassic amphibians of Eastern Europe: evolution of dominant groups and peculiarities of changing communities (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: RAS. p. 162. ISBN 978-5-906906-71-7. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-12-08. Retrieved 2024-04-06.