Bulandshahr

For the book by Frederic Growse, see Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District.

Bulandshahr
City
Left to right, top to bottom: Garden Gate, Mahatma Gandhi bust (Malika park), Bathing ghat, Nahar (Canal), Kala Aam, Exhibition grounds, Kali Nadi bridge and MiG-27 fighter aircraft at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar
Bulandshahr is located in Uttar Pradesh
Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Bulandshahr is located in India
Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr
Bulandshahr (India)
Coordinates: 28°24′25″N 77°50′59″E / 28.40694°N 77.84972°E / 28.40694; 77.84972
Country India
StateUttar Pradesh
DistrictBulandshahr
Founded byKing Ahibaran
Area
 • Total
72 km2 (28 sq mi)
Elevation
195 m (640 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
235,310[1]
 • Density788/km2 (2,040/sq mi)
Language
 • OfficialHindi[2]
 • Additional officialUrdu[2]
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
203001
Telephone code91 (5732)
Vehicle registrationUP-13
Sex ratio1.892 ♂/♀
Websitebulandshahar.nic.in

Bulandshahr, formerly Baran, is a city and a municipal board in Bulandshahr district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.[3]

It is the administrative headquarters of Bulandshahr district and part of Delhi NCR region. According to the Government of India, district Bulandshahr is one of the Minority Concentrated Districts of India on the basis of the 2011 census data on population, socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators.[4]

Etymology

An early history of Bulandshahr and the origin of its name is given by British District magistrate and collector for the Indian Civil Service, Frederic Salmon Growse, in a paper titled "Bulandshahr Antiquities" published in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1879.[5] Bulandshahr was founded as 'Baran' by the king Ahibaran.[6]

Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as "high city",[7] (Persian: بلند شهر), which translates as Bulandshahr in Persian language during the Mughal era.[8]

History

Early history

The history of Bulandshahr begins even before 1200 B.C. This region is nearer to the capital of Pandavas – Indraprasth and Hastinapur. After the decline of Hastinapur, Ahar which is situated in the north east of district Bulandshahr became an important place for Pnadavas. With the passage of time, the king Parmal's descendant Maharaja Ahibaran[9] made a fort on this part of region and laid the foundation of a tower called Baran(Bulandshahr).[10] Since it was perched on a highland it came to be known as high city which was translated into Persian language as Bulandshahr. At present this is called by this name.[11] All evidences point it to being Varnavat as described in Mahabharat.[12][13] Previously bulandshahr ruled by the Gaur rajput dynasty.

The ancient ruins found at places Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur etc. are symbolic of antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues of medieval age and objects of ancient temples had been founded. Even today several historical and ancients objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in Lucknow State Museum .[14]

The kingdom of Baran came to an end probably during the 12th century. It was being ruled by Dod Rajputs who were tributaries of the royal family of Baran, Baranwals and ruled under the royal family's name, the family was considered a direct descendant of Pandavas. In 1192 CE when Muhammad Ghauri conquered parts of India, his general Qutubuddin Aibak conquered Fort Baran; Raja Chandrasen Baran died fighting but not before killing Khwaja, the commander of the Aibak army, in whose memory a maqbara was built.[citation needed]

The ancient ruins found at places in Bhatora Veerpur, Ghalibpur, etc. are indicative of the antiquity of Bulandshahr. There are several other important places in the District from where statues belonging to the medieval age and objects of ancient temples have been found. Even today, several of these historical and ancient objects such as coins, inscriptions etc. are preserved in the State Museum Lucknow.[citation needed]

British rule

Raja Lachhman Singh (1826–1896), who served the government from 1847 and wrote a Statistical Memoir of the Bulandshahr District, moved to Bulandshahr following retirement.[15][16]

The first collector of Bulandshahr was Robert Lowther.[17]

Indian Rebellion of 1857

A large number of Gurjar and Rajput rulers, called zamindars, rebelled and attacked Bulandshahr itself on 21 May 1857.[18] The Gurjars plundered multiple towns such as Sikandrabad. They burnt down Telegraph lines and Dak Bungalows. The rebelling Nawab, Walidad Khan also belonged from Bulandshahr. The presence of Nawab Walidad Khan in Bulandshahr had completely paralysed the British about this time.[19]

Walidad Khan recruited a large number of Indian Muslims who had been serving in the Irregular Cavalry, such as Skinner's Horse.[20][21]

  • Regiment of Skinner's Horse returning from a General Review
    Regiment of Skinner's Horse returning from a General Review
  • Skinner's Horse at Exercise, 1840
    Skinner's Horse at Exercise, 1840

The Indian Rebellion of 1857 is generally associated with the surrounding areas, such as Meerut, Delhi and Aligarh.[22] On 20 May 1857, the 9th regiment of Bulandshahr looted the treasury at Bulandshahr. Sir Alfred Comyn Lyall was subsequently appointed assistant magistrate of Bulandshahr, and Lord Roberts was also present in the district.[22][23][24]

Park

Raja Babu Park had been constructed in Bulandshahr in 1837, and a statue of Queen Victoria was placed there in 1901, when the park was renamed ‘Maharani Victoria Park’.[25]

Development under Frederick Growse

Growse, district magistrate and collector of Bulandshahr from 1876 to 1884, resided at Collector's House.[26] In 1884 he published Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural.[27]

Post-independence

Following India's independence, ‘Maharani Victoria Park’ was renamed after Rajeshwar Dayal Saxena, president of the Civil Bar Association and later president of Municipal Board, Bulandshahar. Later it was renamed again back to 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969 a bust of Mahatma Gandhi was established in the park.[25]

Geography

The distance between Bulandshahr and New Delhi is 68 km.[29] It lies in the Bulandshahr District on the Agra to Delhi Road, and is surrounded by Delhi, Meerut, Moradabad, Badaun and Aligarh.[22]

Demographics

As per provisional data of 2011 census, Bulandshahr urban agglomeration had a population of 235,310, out of which males were 125,549 and females were 111,761. Population in the age groups of 0 to 6 years was 30,886. The total number of literates were 160,203, of which 90,761 were males and 69,442 were females. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population was 78.37%.[1]

Administration and politics

Bulandshahr is one of seven administrative sub-divisions of the District of Bulandshahr.[3]

Buildings

Bulandshahr has four gates; Bunford Club Gate, Fatehganj Gate, Growseganj Gate and Moti Bagh Gate.[25][clarification needed]

Events

The town hosts an annual exhibition known as 'numaish'.[30]

Attractions

Clock Tower

Clock Tower is a historical landmark from the Victorian era located at the centre of Bulandshahr district in Raja Babu Park or Malka Park which was constructed during the British period in 1837. In 1901, a statue of Queen Victoria was placed in this park and the park was named as 'Maharani Victoria Park'. After the independence of the country, it was renamed as 'Raja Babu Park'. In 1969, a statue of Mahatma Gandhi was established inside the tower.[31][32]

  • Clock tower at Malka park[31]
    Clock tower at Malka park[31]

Kuchesar Fort

Kuchesar Fort, (alternatively known as 'Rao Raj Vilas Kuchesar Fort') is located at Kuchesar, in Bulandshahr, Uttar Pradesh, India, approximately 84.3 kilometres (52.4 miles) east of Delhi.[33][34]

The fort served as the erstwhile seat of the Jat Kingdom of Uttar Pradesh.[35]

  • Mud Fort at Kuchesar[36]
    Mud Fort at Kuchesar[36]

MiG-27 Fighter Aircraft

Mikoyan MiG-27, a supersonic swing-wing fighter aircraft is placed on static display at Veteran's Air Force School in Ganganagar, Bulandshahr. This is the first MiG-27 to be preserved and publicly displayed in Uttar Pradesh.[37][38]

The Kargil War veteran has also featured on 'Warbirds of India' [37] by PVS Jagan Mohan, a military historian who authored The India-Pakistan Air War of 1965.[39]

  • MiG-27 at Veteran's Air force School[37]
    MiG-27 at Veteran's Air force School[37]

Notable people

  • Bulandshahr Railway Station
    Bulandshahr Railway Station
  • Bulandshahr street frontages 2012
    Bulandshahr street frontages 2012
  • Sunaro wali galli
    Sunaro wali galli
  • Maman road, Bulandshahr
    Maman road, Bulandshahr
  • Bulandshahr vegetable market
    Bulandshahr vegetable market

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above" (PDF). Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
  2. ^ a b "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
  3. ^ a b "District-Profile | District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Archived from the original on 19 January 2021. Retrieved 17 April 2021.
  4. ^ "List of Minority Concentration Districts (Category 'A' & 'B')" (PDF). minorityaffairs.gov.in. Retrieved 25 February 2019.
  5. ^ Growse, F. S. (1879). "Bulandshahr Antiquities". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal: 270–276.
  6. ^ Provinces (India), North-Western (1875). Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: Meerut division. v.2:pt.1. Saháranpur District. v.2:pt.2. Aligarh District. v.3:pt.1. Bulandshahr District. v.3:pt.2. Meerut (Mirath) District. v.3:pt.3. Muzaffarnagar District. Printed at the North-western Provinces' Government Press. p. 78.
  7. ^ Uttar Pradesh District Gazetteers: Bulandshahr. Government of Uttar Pradesh. 1980.
  8. ^ Everett-Heath, John (24 October 2019). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780191882913.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-188291-3.
  9. ^ Atkinson, Edwin T. (1876). Statistical descriptive and historical account of the North-Western provinces of India: Ed. ... by Edwin [Felix] Thomas Atkinson. North-Western Provinces' Government Press.
  10. ^ Singh, Kuar (28 February 2023). Historical and Statistical Memoir of Zila Bulandshahar. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 978-3-382-50031-3.
  11. ^ "About District | District Bulandshahr, Government of Uttar Pradesh | India". Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  12. ^ "About Bulandshahr, Bulandshahr Overview, Facts About Bulandshahr". www.bulandshahronline.in. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
  13. ^ Jaina, Sāgaramala (1996). Jaina dharma kāyāpanīya sampradāya (in Hindi). Pārśvanātha Vidyāpīṭha.
  14. ^ Nevill, H. R. (1922). District Gazetteers Of The United Provinces Of Agra And Oudh Bulandshar Vol-V. Lucknow: Government Branch Press. pp. 204–208.
  15. ^ Buckland, C. E. (1971). Dictionary of Indian Biography. Ardent Media. p. 60.
  16. ^ Growse, Frederic Salmon (1884). Bulandshahr: Or, Sketches of an Indian District: Social, Historical and Architectural. Benares: Medical Hall Press. p. 10.
  17. ^ Atkinson, Edwin Thomas (1876). Statistical, Descriptive and Historical Account of the North-Western Provinces of India: 3.:Meerut division part 2. North-Western Provinces Government. pp. 127–128.
  18. ^ Tewari, J. P. (1966). "The Revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 365–376. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44140455.
  19. ^ Heehs, Peter (29 August 1991), "British Rule and Indian Revolt", India's Freedom Struggle 1857-1947, Oxford University Press, pp. 18–31, doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195627985.003.0003, ISBN 978-0-19-562798-5, retrieved 9 November 2021
  20. ^ Stokes, Eric (1967). "Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr District". Bengal, Past & Present: Journal of the Calcutta Historical Society. 86. Calcutta Historical Society: 47.
  21. ^ Fleetwood Williams. Narrative of Events Attending the Outbreak of Disturbances and the Restoration of Authority in the District of Meerut in 1857-58. Government Press. p. 59.
  22. ^ a b c Tewari, J. P. (1966). "The revolt of 1857 in Bulandshahr District". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 28: 365–376. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44140455.
  23. ^ Mukherjee, Paresh Nath (1958). "Bulandshahr in 1857 rising". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 21: 496–500. ISSN 2249-1937. JSTOR 44145246.
  24. ^ Stokes, Eric (1978). "Nawab Walidad Khan and the 1857 Struggle in the Bulandshahr district". The Peasant and the Raj: Studies in Agrarian Society and Peasant Rebellion in Colonial India. Cambridge South Asian Studies, vol. 23. Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–158. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511563416.008. ISBN 9780521216845.
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  27. ^ "Obituary Notice: Frederic Salmon Growse". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 46: 650–652. July 1893. doi:10.1017/S0035869X0014359X. JSTOR 25197161. S2CID 250349621.
  28. ^ Growse, F.Bulandshahr; or, Sketches of an Indian district; social, historical and architectural. Benares: Medical Hall Press, 1884. p. 67
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