Brusy

Brusy
Flag of Brusy
Flag
Coat of arms of Brusy
Coat of arms
Brusy is located in Poland
Brusy
Brusy
Coordinates: 53°53′8″N 17°43′19″E / 53.88556°N 17.72194°E / 53.88556; 17.72194
Country Poland
VoivodeshipPomeranian
CountyChojnice
GminaBrusy
City rights1 January 1988[1]
Government
 • MayorWitold Ossowski
Area
 • Total
5.1 km2 (2.0 sq mi)
Population
 (30 June 2023[2])
 • Total
5,103
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
89-632
Vehicle registrationGCH
Websitehttp://brusy.pl/

Brusy [ˈbrusɨ] (Kashubian: Brusë; formerly German: Bruß) is a town in northern Poland, located in the Chojnice County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. As of June 2023, the town has a population of 5,103.[2]

History

All Saints church

Brusy was a royal village of the Polish Crown, administratively located in the Tuchola County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.[3]

Since the 19th century Brusy was an important center of the Kashub movement, although a fair amount of Kashubians from Brusy emigrated to Winona, Minnesota in the late 1900s.[4] In 2007, the ninth Congress of Kashubians was held here, and in 2012, the annual Kashubian Unity Day celebration was conducted here. A Kashubian secondary school is also located in the town.

In the interwar period, it was administratively located in the Chojnice County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship of Poland. According to the 1921 census, Brusy had a population of 2,260, 98.2% Polish.[5]

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), inhabitants of Brusy were among over 450 Poles massacred by the Germans in autumn of 1939 in the Igielska Valley.[6] In November 1939 the SS, Gestapo and Selbstschutz murdered local Polish teachers in a large massacre of Polish teachers near Skarszewy.[7] Further executions of local Poles were carried out in January 1940 in the Igielska Valley and in the fields near Chojnice.[8] In May 1942, the Germans expelled dozens of Poles, whose farms were handed over to Germans as part of the Lebensraum policy.[9] The secret Polish resistance organization Pomeranian Griffin (Gryf Pomorski) operated in the Brusy area under the leadership of Colonel Józef Wrycza, who was also a Roman Catholic priest. The Germans set up a Waffen-SS training ground in the vicinity, and located its administration in Brusy.[10] Brusy was also the location of the Nazi German Bruss subcamp of the Stutthof concentration camp, in which around 500 female prisoners were held as forced labour.[11]

It has obtained town rights on 1 January 1988.[1]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Uchwała Rady Państwa z dnia 18 grudnia 1987 r. w sprawie utworzenia miasta Brusy w województwie bydgoskim (M.P. z 1987 r. nr 38, poz. 326)" (in Polish). Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych. Retrieved 2022-06-02.
  2. ^ a b "Local Data Bank". Statistics Poland. Retrieved 2022-06-02. Data for territorial unit 2202024.
  3. ^ Biskup, Marian; Tomczak, Andrzej (1955). Mapy województwa pomorskiego w drugiej połowie XVI w. (in Polish). Toruń. p. 123.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  4. ^ "First Settlement in Winona: 1859 – Bambenek.org". bambenek.org. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
  5. ^ Skorowidz miejscowości Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Tom XI (in Polish). Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny. 1926. p. 10.
  6. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. p. 152.
  7. ^ Wardzyńska (2009), p. 153
  8. ^ Wardzyńska (2009), p. 182
  9. ^ Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. pp. 120–121. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.
  10. ^ Wardzyńska (2017), p. 128
  11. ^ "Bruss-Sophienwalde (Brusy-Dziemiany)" (in German). Retrieved 31 March 2021.