Biomphalaria straminea

Biomphalaria straminea
Shells of Biomphalaria straminea
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Superorder:	Hygrophila
Family:	Planorbidae
Genus:	Biomphalaria
Species:	B. straminea
Binomial name
Biomphalaria straminea (Dunker, 1848)
Synonyms
Planorbis stramineus

Biomphalaria straminea is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.

This snail is a medically important pest,[1] because an intermediate host for the parasite Schistosoma mansoni and a vector of schistosomiasis.[2]

The history of these discoveries was summarized by Paraense (2001).[3]

The shell of this species, like all planorbids is sinistral in coiling, but is carried upside down and thus appears to be dextral.

Distribution

Biomphalaria glabrata is a Neotropical[1] species. It occurs in:

• Caribbean: Saint Lucia – reported since 1993[4]
• northeast of Brazil

This species has recently expanded its native range.[1] As an introduced species, it occurs in:

• Hong Kong and Southern China - firstly collected in 1973[5] in the Lam Tsuen valley in Hong Kong, in has now been identified at a number of locations in Hong Kong and Guangdong Province.[6]

Phylogeny

To allow comparisons with other mollusc genomes, a high-quality genome assembly for B. straminea together with accompanying transcriptomes has been sequenced, producing a 1.005 Gb in size reference genome consisting of 36 chromosomes.[7]

A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Biomphalaria:[8]

Biomphalaria

Biomphalaria stanleyi Biomphalaria pfeifferi Biomphalaria camerunensis Nilotic species complex Biomphalaria sudanica Biomphalaria choanomphala Biomphalaria alexandrina Biomphalaria smithi Biomphalaria glabrata Biomphalaria straminea complex Biomphalaria kuhniana Biomphalaria straminea Biomphalaria straminea Biomphalaria intermedia Biomphalaria amazonica Biomphalaria sp. Biomphalaria tenagophila Biomphalaria occidentalis Biomphalaria prona Biomphalaria andecola Biomphalaria sp. (? Biomphalaria havanensis) Biomphalaria sp. (? Biomphalaria havanensis) Biomphalaria temascalensis Biomphalaria obstructa Biomphalaria helophila Biomphalaria peregrina Biomphalaria schrammi

Parasites

Biomphalaria straminea is an intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni and a vector of intestinal schistosomiasis. Schistosoma mansoni came to Neotropics from Africa in context of the slave trade.[8] Schistosoma mansoni was not able to infect Biomphalaria straminea previously and it has adapted to this host.[8]

References

1. Pointier JP, David P, Jarne P (September 2005). "Biological invasions: the case of planorbid snails". Journal of Helminthology. 79 (3): 249–56. doi:10.1079/JOH2005292. PMID 16153319. S2CID 11158571.
2. Borda CE, Rea MJ (March 2007). "Biomphalaria tenagophila potencial vector of Schistosoma mansoni in the Paraná River basin (Argentina and Paraguay)". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 102 (2): 191–195. doi:10.1590/s0074-02762007005000022. hdl:1807/57161. PMID 17426884.
3. Paraense WL (2001). "The Schistosome Vectors in the Americas". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 96 (supplement): 7–16. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762001000900002. PMID 11586421. Archived from the original on 6 July 2011.
4. Pointier JP (1993). "The introduction of Melanoides tuberculata (Mollusca: Thiaridae) to the island of Saint Lucia (West Indies) and its role in the decline of Biomphalaria glabrata, the snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni". Acta Tropica. 54 (1): 13–18. doi:10.1016/0001-706x(93)90064-i. PMID 8103624.
5. Meier-Brook C (1974). "A snail intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni introduced into Hong Kong". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 51 (6): 661. PMC 2366262. PMID 4549615.
6. Attwood, Stephen W.; Huo, Guan-Nan; Qiu, Jian-Wen (2015-01-01). "Update on the distribution and phylogenetics of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) populations in Guangdong Province, China". Acta Tropica. Progress in research and control of helminth infections in Asia. 141 (Pt B): 258–270. doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.04.032. ISSN 0001-706X. PMID 24811366.
7. Nong, Wenyan; Yu, Yifei; Aase-Remedios, Madeleine E; Xie, Yichun; So, Wai Lok; Li, Yiqian; Wong, Cheuk Fung; Baril, Toby; Law, Sean T S; Lai, Sheung Yee; Haimovitz, Jasmine (2022-01-01). "Genome of the ramshorn snail Biomphalaria straminea—an obligate intermediate host of schistosomiasis". GigaScience. 11: giac012. doi:10.1093/gigascience/giac012 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2047-217X. PMC 8848322. PMID 35166339.
8. DeJong RJ, Morgan JA, Paraense WL, Pointier JP, Amarista M, Ayeh-Kumi PF, et al. (December 2001). "Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with implications regarding its role as host of the human bloodfluke, Schistosoma mansoni". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (12): 2225–39. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003769. PMID 11719572.

Further reading

• Yang Y, Cheng W, Wu X, Huang S, Deng Z, Zeng X, Yuan D, Yang Y, Wu Z, Chen Y, Zhou Y, Jiang Q (May 2018). "Prediction of the potential global distribution for Biomphalaria straminea, an intermediate host for Schistosoma mansoni". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 12 (5): e0006548. Bibcode:2018PNTDe..12.6548Y. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0006548. PMC 5993297. PMID 29813073.