Baltimore and Ohio 4500

Baltimore and Ohio 4500
B&O 4500 as it was built in 1918
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder Baldwin Locomotive Works Serial number 49153 Build date July 4, 1918
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 2-8-2  • UIC 1′D2′ h1 Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Leading dia. 33 in (838 mm) Driver dia. 63 in (1,600 mm) Trailing dia. 43 in (1,092 mm) Wheelbase Loco & tender: 41.98 ft (12.80 m) Axle load 55,200 lb (25,000 kilograms; 25.0 metric tons) Adhesive weight 220,000 lb (100,000 kilograms; 100 metric tons) Loco weight 292,000 lb (132,000 kilograms; 132 metric tons) Tender weight 185,400 lb (84,100 kilograms; 84.1 metric tons) Total weight 477,400 lb (216,500 kilograms; 216.5 metric tons) Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 16 t (16 long tons; 18 short tons) Water cap. 10,000 US gal (38,000 L; 8,300 imp gal) Firebox: ​  • Grate area 66.70 sq ft (6.197 m^2) Boiler pressure 200 lbf/in^2 (1.38 MPa) Heating surface: ​  • Firebox 286 sq ft (26.6 m^2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 882 sq ft (81.9 m^2) Cylinders Two Cylinder size 26 in × 30 in (660 mm × 762 mm) Valve gear Walschaert
Performance figures Tractive effort 53,800 lbf (239.31 kN) Factor of adh. 4.08
Career Operators Baltimore and Ohio Class Q-3 Number in class 1st of 100 Numbers B&O 4500 B&O 300 (from 1957-1964) Retired August 1957 Preserved 1960 Current owner B&O Railroad Museum Disposition On static display

Baltimore and Ohio 4500 is a 2-8-2 "USRA Light Mikado" steam locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in July 1918 for the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) as a member of the Q-3 class.

The locomotive hauled freight for the B&O until retirement in August 1957 and was donated for display at the B&O Railroad Museum in Baltimore, Maryland. It is the sole surviving Baltimore and Ohio Mikado type steam locomotive.

History

The locomotive was the very first USRA locomotive built and it was constructed in just twenty days. It was also finished on July 4, 1918, and it was decked out with American Flags for the occasion. While it has mostly remained as built mechanically, it received some of B&O's distinctive cosmetic changes throughout its service life, but the locomotive retains the original tender and trailing truck. During its service life, the locomotive was in freight service primarily on the Ohio and St. Louis divisions of the railroad.

The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad No. 4500 is a class Q3 2-8-2 'Mikado' type steam locomotive, built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1918. Following America's entry into WWI, the USRA nationalised the nation's railroad system in the interest of ensuring the most efficient operations possible. Ironically, WWI was almost over when #4500 was ready for service on 4 July 1918. Like the other USRA designs, #4500 was sturdy, functional and popular with maintenance and locomotive crews. It was also popular with the railroad companies, and a total of six hundred and forty-one copies of the type were produced by different US railroads in the years following the war.

The B&O Q-3s were the first USRA Light Mikados built, and the first USRA engine of any type built. 100 of them were built from July 1918 to February 1919. They had 63 inch driving wheels, a tractive effort of 53,699 lbs, and 200 psi boiler. Their tenders could hold up to 10,000 gallons of water and 16 tons of coal. According to locomotive crews, they described these engines as sturdy, functional, very comfortable, and easy riding as their popularity with the engine crews grew. In 1957, the B&O renumbered the engines from the 4500 - 4599 range to the 300 - 399 range to make way for some new diesels that were being renumbered. In 1956, the first of the Q-3s were retired from service and after the 1957 renumbering, they began dropping like flies.

No. 4500 operated on the B&O's Ohio Division mainly hauling freight until it was retired from service in 1957, and it was donated to the B&O Railroad Museum in 1960 where it is placed on static display today.[1] In 1957, the locomotive was renumbered 300 to make room for four-digit diesel locomotives.[2][3] [4]

Preservation

In August 1957, 4500, still numbered 300, was retired. In 1964 it was purchased, along with B&O 5300, for safe keeping and eventual donation by Ed Striegel of Striegel Supply & Equipment Corp., a business on Chemical Road in Curtis Bay, MD. Mr. Striegel bought railroad equipment for parting out and future sales to other railroads, this though was not the case for 5300 and 4500. Upon Mr. Striegel's death, the Baltimore Sun wrote, "In the 1950s, while visiting a storage lot for decommissioned B&O steam engines, Mr. Striegel discovered two historically significant locomotives - the President Washington, No. 5300, the high-wheeling Pacific Class that had pulled such classic trains as the Capitol Limited; and a 2-8-2 Mikado Class locomotive that had been built in 1918. He salvaged them and donated them to the B&O; Railroad Museum. 'They are the linchpins of our collection,' said Courtney B. Wilson, executive director of the museum. 'Ed saved two significant pieces for the museum and, without his help, they would have been lost forever,' he said. 'In my opinion, he was a phenomenal Baltimorean. He was a quiet, unassuming and a very generous guy. The museum was his favorite place to come and he was always looking for ways to improve and enhance its collections,' Mr. Wilson said." In 1990, the locomotive was designated as a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.[2][1][5] Today, it still resides there on display alongside 4-6-2 No. 5300.[6]"

References

1. "USRA STEAM LOCOMOTIVES Atlantic Coast Line 1504 and Baltimore and Ohio 4500: A National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark" (PDF). American Society of Mechanical Engineers. October 23, 1990. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-04-18.
2. "B&O No. 4500". B&O Railroad Museum. Archived from the original on 2020-09-24. Retrieved 2020-09-30.
3. White, John H. (1970). "Review of Baltimore and Ohio Transportation Museum (Baltimore, Maryland 21223)". Technology and Culture. 11 (1): 70–84. doi:10.2307/3102812. ISSN 0040-165X. JSTOR 3102812. … The 4500, for example, represents not only the first of the United States Railroad Administration's standard design locomotives but a solid, much-built, and eminently practical Mikado or 2-8-2 freight locomotive. Some 14,000 engines were built on this plan for domestic …
4. Sullivan, Ben (3 April 2020). "B&ORR Historical Society Harry Eck - Life Aboard a Q". youtube. B&ORR Historical Society. Retrieved 24 October 2021.
5. Lonsdale, Cameron; Bieber, Allen; Burshtin, Michael (2014-02-26). ASME Rail Transportation Division's Historical Mechanical Engineering Landmarks: Preserving History and Heritage for the Future. American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection. doi:10.1115/RTDF2013-4730. ISBN 978-0-7918-5611-6. The #4500 was the first USRA locomotive built, in 20 days. …
6. Rasmussen, Frederick (20 April 2001). "Edward L. Striegel, 82, ran railroad parts firm, enriched B&O; museum". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 24 October 2021.