Březnice (Příbram District)

Březnice
Town
Town square with the Church of Saints Francis Xavier and Ignatius of Loyola
Town square with the Church of Saints Francis Xavier and Ignatius of Loyola
Flag of Březnice
Flag
Coat of arms of Březnice
Coat of arms
Březnice is located in Czech Republic
Březnice
Březnice
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°33′31″N 13°57′15″E / 49.55861°N 13.95417°E / 49.55861; 13.95417
Country Czech Republic
RegionCentral Bohemian
DistrictPříbram
First mentioned1224
Government
 • MayorPetr Procházka
Area
 • Total
19.47 km2 (7.52 sq mi)
Elevation
462 m (1,516 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
3,538
 • Density180/km2 (470/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
262 72
Websitewww.breznice.cz

Březnice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈbr̝ɛzɲɪtsɛ]; German: Bresnitz) is a town in Příbram District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,500 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Administrative parts

The villages of Bor, Dobrá Voda, Martinice, Přední Poříčí and Zadní Poříčí are administrative parts of Březnice.

Etymology

The name of the town is probably derived from Březná, which was the former name of the stream that flowed through the birch forest (from the Czech word bříza, i.e. 'birch').[2]

Geography

Březnice is located about 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Příbram and 61 km (38 mi) southwest of Prague. It lies in the Benešov Uplands. The highest point is the hill Vinice at 538 m (1,765 ft) above sea level. The Skalice River flows through the town.

History

The first written mention of Březnice is from 1224, when Budislav of Březnice, a member of the royal council, was documented. In 1327, Březnice was first referred to as a market town. Until the Battle of the White Mountain, it was a small market town. In 1621, Březnice was acquired by Přibík Jeníšek of Újezd, who together with his wife started the construction development, founded a Jesuit college and had a new church built.[3]

During the Thirty Years' War, the town was not damaged much, and continued to develop after the war, especially in the 18th century. The Jewish ghetto was founded in 1726. In 1728, Březnice was inherited by the Kolowrat family. In 1872, the town was inherited by the Pálffy family, who owned it until 1945. For centuries, Březnice was an agricultural town. In 1875, the railway was built, and industry began to develop slowly. Between 1918 and 1931, several factories were established.[3]

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18693,354—    
18803,534+5.4%
18903,312−6.3%
19003,149−4.9%
19103,058−2.9%
YearPop.±%
19212,818−7.8%
19302,926+3.8%
19502,836−3.1%
19613,196+12.7%
19703,196+0.0%
YearPop.±%
19803,808+19.1%
19913,614−5.1%
20013,659+1.2%
20113,586−2.0%
20213,433−4.3%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Economy

Březnice is home to the Březnice Castle Brewery, which sells its beer under the Herold brand name.

Transport

The I/19 road from Plzeň to Tábor passes through the town.

Březnice is located on the major railway line Prague–České Budějovice and on the line Beroun–Blatná.[6]

Sights

Březnice Castle with its park

Březnice is known for the Březnice Castle, protected as a national cultural heritage. It was built in the 13th century. The castle is surrounded by a Renaissance garden and English landscape garden. Historically significant is its library from 1558, one of the oldest in Bohemia. The castle is open to the public.[7]

The Church of Saints Francis Xavier and Ignatius of Loyola is a landmark of historical town centre. It was built by Carlo Lurago in 1642–1650. It includes many valuable paintings and carved sculptures.[8]

The Jewish ghetto is a unique urban complex with preserved Neoclassical houses. The synagogue was built in 1726–1728 and rebuilt in 1874. Březnice served as an important cultural and social centre for Jewish population in a wide area. There is also a Jewish cemetery in the town.[9]

Notable people

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Březnice is twinned with:[10]

References

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ Profous, Antonín (1947). Místní jména v Čechách I: A–H (in Czech). pp. 185–186.
  3. ^ a b "Historie města Březnice" (in Czech). Město Březnice. Retrieved 2022-07-10.
  4. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  5. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. ^ "Detail stanice Březnice" (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2023-09-15.
  7. ^ "Zámek v Březnici" (in Czech). Město Březnice. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
  8. ^ "Kostel sv. Ignáce z Loyoly a sv. Františka Xaverského" (in Czech). Město Březnice. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
  9. ^ "Židovské ghetto a synagoga" (in Czech). Město Březnice. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
  10. ^ "Partnerské město" (in Czech). Město Březnice. Retrieved 2024-11-15.
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