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Ayapana triplinervis
Ayapana triplinervis (aya-pana, water hemp) is a tropical American shrub in the family Asteraceae. This plant has long slender leaves which are often used in traditional medicine.[1] The flowers are pale pink and the thin, hairless stem is reddish in color.[1] DescriptionAyapana triplinervis is an ascending, slender perennial. Its leaves are purple, subsessile, lanceolate, 3-nerved, acuminate, subentire, and glabrous. Inflorescence is a lax, few-headed corymb, heads pedicellate, about 20-flowered. Flowers are slaty blue.[contradictory] Chemical constituents Ayapana triplinervis is a source of several coumarin derivatives. The leaves contain a volatile essential oil, ayapana oil, 1.14%.[citation needed] This oil contains the coumarins ayapanin (herniarin) and ayapin, as well as other chemical compounds including stigmasterol, vitamin C, and carotene.[citation needed] The essential oil also contains thymohydroquinone dimethyl ether.[2] The plant yields cineol, α-phellandrene, alpha-terneol, ayapanin, ayapin, borneol, coumarin, sabinene, and umbelliferone, among many others.[citation needed] Phytochemical analysis of a methanolic extract yielded hexadecanoic acid (14.65%), 2,6,10-trimethyl,14-ethylene-14-pentadecane (9.84%), 7-butyl-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane (2.38%), 8-methyldecanoic acid methyl ester (3.86%), 1-undecanol (7.82%), 1-hexyl-1-nitrocyclohexane (2.09%), 1,14-tetradecanediol (6.78%), and 2-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid 1,3-propanediyl ester.[citation needed] References
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