Avzrog

Avzrog
Village
Avzrog is located in Iraq
Avzrog
Avzrog
Location in Iraq
Avzrog is located in Iraqi Kurdistan
Avzrog
Avzrog
Avzrog (Iraqi Kurdistan)
Coordinates: Lower Avzrog (Avzrog Miri)[1]
36°56′33″N 42°37′47″E / 36.94255°N 42.62965°E / 36.94255; 42.62965
Upper Avzrog (Avzrog Shano)[2]
37°01′12″N 42°30′46″E / 37.02012°N 42.51271°E / 37.02012; 42.51271
Country Iraq
Region Kurdistan Region
GovernorateDohuk Governorate
DistrictSimele District
Sub-districtBatel

Avzrog (Arabic: أفزروك,[3] Armenian: Աւզրուկ,[4] Kurdish: ئاڤزریك,[5] Syriac: ܐܦ̮ܙܪܘܟ)[6][nb 1] is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located in the district of Simele.

The village is divided into lower and upper sections.[10] In Avzrog Shano, there is a church of Mar Gewargis,[11] and in Avzrog Miri, there is an Armenian Apostolic church of Sourp Vartan.[12]

Etymology

The name of the village is derived from "av" ("water" in Kurdish) and "zer" ("yellow" in Kurdish),[13] and thus Avzrog translates to "yellow water".[10]

History

The Armenian Sourp Vartan Church in Avzrok Miri, Iraqi Kurdistan.

Avzrog Miri was founded in 1933 by Kurdish-speaking Armenians from the village of Gaznar, near Van in Turkey, who had taken refuge at Zakho amidst the Armenian genocide in 1915–1917, during the First World War,[12] whereas Avzrog Shano was settled by Syriac-speaking Assyrians in 1936.[14] The former was mostly inhabited by Armenians, with some Assyrians, whilst the latter was exclusively inhabited by Assyrians.[10] A Syriac school was built at Avzrog Shano in 1947,[14] and an Arabic school at Avzrog Miri was constructed in 1950.[12] In the Iraqi census of 1957, Avzrog Miri was populated by 176 people.[10]

The eruption of the First Iraqi–Kurdish War in 1961 spurred the villagers of Avzrog Shano to flee and seek refuge elsewhere until the war's conclusion in 1970,[14] during which time, the village was looted and burned in four separate attacks.[15] However, the villagers' return was short-lived as both Avzrog Miri and Avzrog Shano were destroyed and their inhabitants displaced by the Iraqi government in 1975, at which time the former had a population of 50 families, and 60 families in the latter.[10] As part of the government's policy of Arabisation, the village was resettled by Arabs.[8]

In the aftermath of the 1991 uprisings in Iraq, the Arab settlers fled,[14] 25 Assyrian families returned to Avzrog Shano,[15] and the Armenians began to gradually return to Avzrog Miri in 1996 after the construction of 65 houses.[12][16] At Avzrog Miri, the church of Sourp Vartan was built in 2002,[12] and the Supreme Committee of Christian Affairs constructed 20 houses and a hall, renovated the school and church, and developed the infrastructure of Avzrog Shano in the following year.[14] More Armenians returned to Avzrog Miri in 2005 after the restoration of 40 houses, construction of 20 new houses, and development of the village's infrastructure by the Supreme Committee of Christian Affairs.[12][16]

Avzrog Miri was visited by Archbishop Avak Asadourian in 2011,[9] and was inhabited by 390 Armenians and 200 Chaldean Catholics in 2012.[17][nb 2] In the same year, 600 Syriac Orthodox Christians and 185 Chaldean Catholics resided at Avzrog Shano.[17] The Assyrian Aid Society provided humanitarian aid to the village on 2 September 2014,[18] and on 27 January 2015.[7] As of November 2017, Avzrog Miri is inhabited by 268 people with 67 families, whilst Avzrog Shano has a population of 124 people with 31 families.[19]

Notable people

References

Notes

  1. ^ Alternatively transliterated as Avzarok,[7] Avzerok,[8] Avzerog,[8] or Avzrouk.[9]
  2. ^ The Iraqi Kurdistan Christianity Project erroneously places 390 Armenians at Avzrog Shano,[17] whereas c. 350 Armenians are attested at Avzrog Miri in 2014,[9] and in 2018.[12]

Citations

  1. ^ "Āvī Zawrik, Semel District, Dihok, Iraq". Mindat.org. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  2. ^ "Avzarūk 'Alī, Semel District, Dihok, Iraq". Mindat.org. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  3. ^ "قرية أفزروك ميري". Ishtar TV (in Arabic). Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  4. ^ Staff, Asbarez (10 June 2013). "Հարցազրոյց Իրաքի Քիւրտիստանի Հայոց Հոգեւոր Հովիւ Մասիս Քահանայ Շահին". Asbarez - Armenian. Retrieved 1 January 2025.
  5. ^ "2009 - ناوی پاریزگا. يه که کارگيرييه كانی پاریزگاكانی هه ریمی کوردستان" (PDF). Kurdistan Region Statistics Office (KRSO) (in Kurdish). p. 142. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 March 2017. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  6. ^ "افزروك ميرى". Ishtar TV. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  7. ^ a b "AAS-Iraq Continues The Providing Of Clothes To The Displaced Families In Zakho Area". Assyrian Aid Society. 27 January 2015. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  8. ^ a b c Donabed (2010), pp. 150–151.
  9. ^ a b c d Hrant Gadarigian (18 October 2014). "Armenians of Iraqi Kurdistan – Taking Up Arms Against the Ongoing ISIL Threat". Hetq Online. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  10. ^ a b c d e Donabed (2015), pp. 302–303.
  11. ^ "Mar Mansor church – Afzaruk Shno". Ishtar TV. 12 October 2011. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g "The Armenian Sourp Vartan Church in Avzrok". Mesopotamia Heritage. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  13. ^ Chyet (2003), pp. 842, 846.
  14. ^ a b c d e "Avsarook Shno". Ishtar TV. 8 December 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  15. ^ a b Eshoo (2004), p. 15.
  16. ^ a b "Avzarook Miri (Armenian)". Ishtar TV. 12 November 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2020.
  17. ^ a b c "Christian Communities in the Kurdistan Region". Iraqi Kurdistan Christianity Project. 2012. Archived from the original on 24 November 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  18. ^ Patto, Christina K.; Eskrya, Eramia S. (2014). "Assyrian Aid Society of Iraq: Annual Report 2014" (PDF). Assyrian Aid Society. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  19. ^ "Population Project". Shlama Foundation. Retrieved 19 August 2021.

Bibliography