Archaeopriapulida

Archaeopriapulida
Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3–Middle Cambrian
Reconstruction of the archaeopriapulid Ottoia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Stem group: Priapulida (?)
Class: †Archaeopriapulida
Species[1][2]

See text

Archaeopriapulida is a group of priapulid worms known from Cambrian lagerstätte.[3] The group is closely related to, and very similar to, the modern Priapulids.[4] It is unclear whether it is mono- or polyphyletic.[5] Despite a remarkable morphological similarity to their modern cousins,[6] they fall outside of the priapulid crown group, which is not unambiguously represented in the fossil record until the Carboniferous.[7] In addition to well-preserved body fossils, remains of several archaeopriapulid taxa are known to have been preserved primarily as organic microfossils, such as isolated scalids and pharyngeal teeth.[8][9][10] They are probably closely related or paraphyletic to the palaeoscolecids; the relationship between these basal worms is somewhat unresolved.[5]

Species

References

  1. ^ Smith, M. R.; Harvey, T. H. P.; Butterfield, N. J. (2015). "The macro- and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia" (PDF). Palaeontology. 58 (4): 705–721. doi:10.1111/pala.12168. S2CID 55337080.
  2. ^ Supplementary information from Smith, M.R.; Harvey, T.H.P.; Butterfield, N.J. (2015). "The macro- and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia" (PDF). Palaeontology. 58 (4): 705–721. doi:10.1111/pala.12168. S2CID 55337080.
  3. ^ Conway Morris, S. (1979). "The Burgess Shale (Middle Cambrian) Fauna". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 10: 327–349. doi:10.1146/annurev.es.10.110179.001551.
  4. ^ Por, F. D. (1983). "Class Seticoronaria and Phylogeny of the Phylum Priapulida". Zoologica Scripta. 12 (4): 267–272. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.1983.tb00510.x. S2CID 85091685.
  5. ^ a b Wills, M. A. (1 April 1998). "Cambrian and Recent Disparity: the Picture from Priapulids". Paleobiology. 24 (2): 177–199. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(1998)024[0177:CARDTP]2.3.CO;2. JSTOR 2401237. S2CID 88647544.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Huang, D.-Y.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J.-Y. (2004). "Anatomy and lifestyles of Early Cambrian priapulid worms exemplified by Corynetis and Anningvermis from the Maotianshan Shale (SW China)". Lethaia. 37: 21–33. doi:10.1080/00241160410005088.
  7. ^ Budd, G. E.; Jensen, S. (2000). "A critical reappraisal of the fossil record of the bilaterian phyla". Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. 75 (2): 253–95. doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1999.tb00046.x. PMID 10881389. S2CID 39772232.
  8. ^ Slater, Ben J.; Harvey, Thomas H. P.; Guilbaud, Romain; Butterfield, Nicholas J. (January 2017). Rahman, Imran (ed.). "A cryptic record of Burgess Shale-type diversity from the early Cambrian of Baltica". Palaeontology. 60 (1): 117–140. doi:10.1111/pala.12273. hdl:2381/38663.
  9. ^ Smith, Martin R.; Harvey, Thomas H. P.; Butterfield, Nicholas J. (July 2015). Kouchinsky, Artem (ed.). "The macro‐ and microfossil record of the Cambrian priapulid Ottoia". Palaeontology. 58 (4): 705–721. doi:10.1111/pala.12168. ISSN 0031-0239.
  10. ^ Wernström, Joel Vikberg; Slater, Ben J.; Sørensen, Martin V.; Crampton, Denise; Altenburger, Andreas (2023-08-12). "Geometric morphometrics of macro- and meiofaunal priapulid pharyngeal teeth provides a proxy for studying Cambrian "tooth taxa"". Zoomorphology. doi:10.1007/s00435-023-00617-4. hdl:10037/30213. ISSN 1432-234X.
  11. ^ Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas (2012-12-21). Nematomorpha, Priapulida, Kinorhyncha, Loricifera. ISBN 9783110272536.
  12. ^ Liu, Y.; Xiao, S.; Shao, T.; Broce, J.; Zhang, H. (2014). "The oldest known priapulid-like scalidophoran animal and its implications for the early evolution of cycloneuralians and ecdysozoans". Evolution & Development. 16 (3): 155–65. doi:10.1111/ede.12076. PMID 24754444. S2CID 205095219.
  13. ^ a b Ma, X.; Aldridge, R. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Siveter, D. J.; Hou, X.; Edgecombe, G. D. (2014). "A New Exceptionally Preserved Cambrian Priapulid from the Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Journal of Paleontology. 88 (2): 371. doi:10.1666/13-082. S2CID 85627132.
  14. ^ Han, J.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Z.; Shu, D. (2006). "A new theca-bearing Early Cambrian worm from the Chengjiang Fossil Lagerstätte, China". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 30: 1–10. doi:10.1080/03115510608619340. S2CID 84288209.
  15. ^ Peel, John S. (2017). "Feeding behaviour of a new worm (Priapulida) from the Sirius Passet Lagerstätte (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) of North Greenland (Laurentia)". Palaeontology. 60 (6): 795–805. doi:10.1111/pala.12316. S2CID 134180194.
  16. ^ Peel, John S; Willman, Sebastian (2018). "The Buen Formation (Cambrian Series 2) biota of North Greenland". Papers in Palaeontology. 4 (3): 381–432. doi:10.1002/spp2.1112. S2CID 134539597.
  17. ^ Ivantsov, A. I., Zhuravlev, A. I., Krasilov, V. A., Leguta, A. V., Melnikova, L. M., Urbanek, A., et al. (2005). Unique Sinsk Localities of Early Cambrian Organisms (Siberia Platform). Moscow: Nauka. Rossiyskaya Akademia Nauk, 143. [in Russian].
  18. ^ Huang, D.; Vannier, J.; Chen, J. (2004). "Recent Priapulidae and their Early Cambrian ancestors: Comparisons and evolutionary significance". Geobios. 37 (2): 217. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2003.04.004.
  19. ^ Han, J.; Shu, D.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, J. (2004). "The earliest-known ancestors of Recent Priapulomorpha from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte". Chinese Science Bulletin. 49 (17): 1860. Bibcode:2004ChSBu..49.1860H. doi:10.1007/BF03183414. S2CID 84891981.
  20. ^ Zeng, H.; Zhao, F.; Yin, Z.; Li, G.; Zhu, M. (2014). "A Chengjiang-type fossil assemblage from the Hongjingshao Formation (Cambrian Stage 3) at Chenggong, Kunming, Yunnan". Chinese Science Bulletin. 59 (25): 3169. Bibcode:2014ChSBu..59.3169Z. doi:10.1007/s11434-014-0419-y. S2CID 128594728.
  21. ^ (Chengjiang deposits)Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, J.; Shu, D. (2007). "Evidence of Priapulid Scavenging from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Deposits, Southern China". PALAIOS. 22 (6): 691–694. Bibcode:2007Palai..22..691H. doi:10.2110/palo.2006.p06-117r. ISSN 0883-1351. S2CID 86584623.[permanent dead link‍]
  22. ^ a b Haaramo, Mikko (2003). "Scalidophora – †palaeoscolecids, priapulids, mud dragons and brush heads". Mikko's Phylogeny Archive. Archived from the original on 2023-04-22.
  23. ^ Hu, S.; Steiner, M.; Zhu, M.; Luo, H.; Forchielli, A.; Keupp, H.; Zhao, F.; Liu, Q. (2012). "A new priapulid assemblage from the early Cambrian Guanshan fossil Lagerstätte of SW China". Bulletin of Geosciences: 93–106. doi:10.3140/bull.geosci.1238.