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Albanian nationality law
Albanian nationality law is based on a mixture of the principles of Jus sanguinis and Jus soli. In other words, both place of birth and Albanian parentage are relevant for determining whether a person is an Albanian citizen. It is regulated by the "Law on Albanian Citizenship".[1][2] In some circumstances citizenship is granted to children born in Albania to non-Albanian parents. This is not the case where parents are temporary or short-term visitors. As suggested by the United Nations and Council of Europe, all efforts are made in order to avoid statelessness. Birth in AlbaniaA person born in Albania to non-Albanian parents is an Albanian citizen if that person:
Effectively this means that:
Furthermore, if parents of a foundling become identified, citizenship right remains, unless parents request otherwise before the 14th birthday. Birth to an Albanian parentAccess to Albanian citizenship by birth is automatic if:
One Albanian parent is sufficient condition for the right to immediate citizenship, upon request, regardless of birthplace. NaturalisationA person may be naturalized as an Albanian citizen if he fulfills the following criteria:
This period can be reduced to:
If Albania has an economic, cultural or scientific interest, an adult as a foreigner can be granted immediate citizenship, provided (s)he does not pose any public threat. The only requirement for stateless applicants is the five-year residence requirement and not posing a threat to the Republic of Albania. Unemancipated minors obtain Albanian citizenship automatically at the same time a parent is naturalized. For minors above 14 years of age, their consent is required. Albanian citizenship by adoptionChildren adopted by Albanian citizens acquire Albanian citizenship. If only one of the foster parents is Albanian, both parents must agree. This is not necessary if the residence of the child will be in Albania, or the other parent is stateless. Loss of citizenshipIt is possible to lose Albanian citizenship in the following circumstances RenunciationAn Albanian citizen aged 18 and over may renounce Albanian citizenship, provided:
ChildrenIf both parents renounce Albanian citizenship and request the same for their child. Children under the age of 18 also lose Albanian citizenship if adopted by a foreigners, and the child acquires another nationality upon adoption. Deprivation of Albanian citizenshipAlbanian citizenship can be withdrawn if a person has acquired it submitting intentionally false documentation. Albanian citizenship is also withdrawn to children aged less than 18, of said parents, provided they do not remain stateless. Resumption of Albanian citizenshipA person who has renounced his/her Albanian citizenship in order to obtain another one may resume it if he fails to obtain the new one. A former citizen who wishes to resume Albanian citizenship, applies for naturalisation. Dual citizenshipAlbanian law permits all Albanian nationals to obtain any other nationality without losing their Albanian nationality (unless the law about the other newly acquired citizenship or nationality requires it). Visa requirements As of October 13th, 2020, Albanian citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 114 countries and territories, ranking the Albanian passport 51st in the world according to the C.I.A.[3] There are 82 other countries which require an eVisa or Visa-On-Arrival.[4] References
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