Al Murrah

Al Murrah
آل مرة
Arab tribe
EthnicityArab
LocationArabian Peninsula
Saudi Arabia
Qatar
United Arab Emirates
Kuwait
Bahrain
Descended fromBanu Yam
LanguageArabic
ReligionIslam

The Al Murrah (Arabic: آل مرة) (singular 'Al Marri') is an Arab tribe descended from the well-known Banu Yam tribe. They mainly reside in countries such as Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and Bahrain. Historically, Al Murrah was a tribe of camel-herding nomads, who controlled and travelled through a vast area of the Arabian Peninsula.

Seven clans make up the Saudi branch of the Al Murrah.[1][2] Travelling as much as 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi) each year, the tribe comprises approximately 15,000 individuals.

Population

Qatar

Historically, the Al Murrah tribe made up a large proportion of Qatar's ethnic population.[3]

In 1885, a number of Al Murrah tribespeople, along with several members from the Bani Hajer tribe, renounced their allegiance to Qatar and departed from the country. The two families were joined by the Ajman tribe, whom were known to harbor hostilities toward Qatar and regularly engage in skirmishes with its inhabitants. While the group was encamped in an area between Qatar and Oman, a regiment of 1,200 partisans composed of branches of Al Murrah and Bani Hajer loyal to the sheikh of Qatar engaged the group. Although the three tribes boasted a combined force of 2,000 men and outnumbered the opposition, they were inflicted with heavy losses.[4]

A majority of tribe members were strong supporters of Sheikh Khalifa Al Thani, the former Emir of Qatar who was deposed in 1995 in a coup by his son. Eight months after the coup, 119 Al Murrah members attempted to overthrow the new Emir of Qatar, Sheikh Hamad Al Thani, but failed. In February 2000, 19 of the alleged perpetrators had been sentenced to death, 33 were sentenced to life in prison, and the rest were acquitted.[5] However, none of those sentenced to death were executed.

In 2017 Qatar revoked the citizenship of the sheikh and 54 tribespeople. Al Murrah are friendly to UAE and Saudi Arabia and negative to the current regime in Iran.[6]

Al Murrah tribespeople were not allowed to run for the 2021 Qatari general election, which led to protests.[7]

References

  1. ^ "Saudi Arabia - Structure of Tribal Groupings". countrystudies.us.
  2. ^ Donald Cole. Nomads of the Nomads: The Al Murrah Bedouin of the Empty Quarter (1975) (ISBN 978-0-88295-605-3)
  3. ^ "2012: Transformationsindex". bti-project.org. Archived from the original on 25 December 2012. Retrieved 10 November 2012.
  4. ^ "Report On The Administration Of The Persian Gulf Political Residency And Muscat Political Agency For 1884-85". Records of the Government of India. 1885. p. 7. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  5. ^ "Qatar's release of Saudi prisoners likely to herald new era in bilateral relations". habibtoumi.com. 26 May 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2012.
  6. ^ "Head of al-Murrah tribe confirms Qatar revokes family's citizenship". 14 September 2017.
  7. ^ "Qatari Al-Murra tribe protests against the election law". The Levant News. 10 August 2021. Archived from the original on 20 November 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2021.