Adam Heydel

Adam Heydel
BornDecember 6, 1893
Stare Gardzienice, Russian Empire
DiedMarch 14, 1941 (aged 47)
Auschwitz-Birkenau, Nazi occupied Poland
Academic career
School or
tradition		Kraków School of Economics
Austrian School of Economics[1]
Alma materJagiellonian University
InfluencesSay · Mill · Menger · Marshall · Böhm-Bawerk · Krzyżanowski [pl] · Mises · Hayek · Schumpeter

Adam Zdzisław Heydel (December 6, 1893 – March 14, 1941) was a Polish economist and representative of the Cracow School of Economics, a type of economic liberalism.

Biography

Early life and education

Adam Heydel was the son of Zdzisław and Maria Heydel, his brother named Wojciech. He was a student at John III Sobieski High School and later studied in Moscow and Kiev. In 1922 he studied law at the Jagiellonian University, where he got his doctorate.[2] In the years 1921–1922 he worked in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1925 he got a habilitation in the field of political economy. Two years later he became a lecturer of economics at the Jagiellonian University.

Scholarly work and political activism

Together with Adam Krzyżanowski and Ferdinand Zweig he became a follower of the Cracow School of Economics, which advocated free market reforms. Heydel was familiar with western economic developments, particularly with the Austrian School and the economists of Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich von Hayek. He criticised the arguments concerning the general level of prices made by Joseph Schumpeter despite his personal friendship with him, as well as the monetary doctrines of Irving Fisher.[1]

Heydel considered himself a nationalist and was sympathetic to the National Democratic movement and in the years 1930–1931 he led the National club in Cracow.[2] He was critical of Sanation and due to this he was removed from the economics department at the Jagiellonian University and proceeded to become a director of the economics institute at the Academy of Learning.

Second World War

Heydel was arrested on 6 November 1939 as a part of the operations of Sonderaktion Krakau and with other academics he was placed Sachsenhausen concentration camp. Due to international pressure Heydel was released from the camp together with other academics which reached 40 years of age. After his release he got involved in the Union of Armed Struggle and on 23 of January 1941 he was arrested by the Gestapo.

After refusing to sign the Volksliste he was moved to Auschwitz where he was murdered in a mass-shooting.[1]

Works

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Paryna, Wojciech (26 April 2017). "Adam Heydel – polski "austriak" w metodologicznym boju" [Adam Heydel – a Polish 'Austrian' in the methodological battle] (in Polish). Po kilku godzinach zginął razem z innymi od salwy plutonu egzekucyjnego w żwirowni koło drutów, tuż za terenem obozu Auschwitz. [After a few hours, he was killed along with others by a salvo of the firing squad in a gravel pit near the wires, just outside the Auschwitz camp grounds.]
  2. ^ a b "Czy wiesz kto to jest?". Warszawa: Wydawnictwa Artystyczne i Filmowe : na zam. Zrzeszenia Księgarstwa. 1983.