2024 Iowa Republican presidential caucuses
2024 Iowa Republican presidential caucuses Turnout 15% of registered Republicans in Iowa[ 1]
County results
Congressional district results
Trump
30 – 40%
40 – 50%
50 – 60%
60 – 70%
70 – 80%
Haley
30 – 40%
The 2024 Iowa Republican presidential caucuses were held on January 15, 2024,[ 2] as part of the Republican Party primaries for the 2024 presidential election . 40 delegates to the 2024 Republican National Convention will be allocated on a proportional basis.[ 3] As in past primary cycles, the Iowa caucuses were the first-in-the-nation Republican presidential nominating contest.
The results were a landslide victory for Donald Trump , with his 30-point margin being the largest margin of victory ever for a non-incumbent in the Iowa Republican caucuses.[ 4] Trump won 20 delegates, Ron DeSantis won nine, Nikki Haley won eight, and Vivek Ramaswamy won three.[ 5] Trump also became the first Republican ever to win a contested Iowa caucus with a majority of the vote, and third person of either major political party to do so (the others being Tom Harkin in 1992 , and Al Gore in 2000 ). Analysts described the results as establishing him as the Republican Party's presumptive nominee , with both DeSantis's and Haley's campaigns seen as heavily damaged.[ 6] [ 7] [ 8]
Trump also won 98 out of Iowa's 99 counties, losing Johnson County to Haley by a single vote.[ 9] Ramaswamy announced the suspension of his campaign the night of the caucus, endorsing Trump, but retained his three delegates. Asa Hutchinson , who finished with less than 1% of the vote, dropped out the following day and endorsed Haley. DeSantis dropped out the following weekend and endorsed Trump.[ 10]
Background and electorate
History of the Iowa caucus
Beginning in 1972, the Iowa caucuses have been characterized as the first major electoral test for Republican presidential contenders.[ 11] Despite its strategic importance, between 1976 and 2016 , only three out of eight winners of the Iowa caucuses went on to receive the Republican presidential nomination.[ 12]
Republican electorate
It has been argued that the Iowa Republican caucuses effectively serve as "referendums on who is the most socially conservative candidate" in the Republican field.[ 12]
Commentators have noted in the 2010s the decisive role of Evangelical Christian caucusgoers in past contests. The victory of social conservatives George W. Bush ,[ 13] Mike Huckabee ,[ 14] Rick Santorum ,[ 15] and Ted Cruz in the 2000 , 2008 , 2012 , and 2016 Iowa caucuses, respectively, was credited to their strong support among evangelical voters.[ 16] [ 17]
In 2016, it was noted by The Des Moines Register that almost half of likely Republican caucusgoers self-identify as evangelical or born-again Christians.[ 18] In the 2016 Iowa Republican caucus , Senator Ted Cruz of Texas defeated eventual nominee Donald Trump by a 27.6% to 24.3% margin in what was considered an upset victory .
Procedure
Delegates are proportionally allocated to candidates based on the statewide vote. Unlike most states, there is no minimum threshold for a candidate to be eligible for delegates.[ 19]
Campaign developments
In February 2023, the Trump campaign announced its Iowa campaign staff, with state representative Bobby Kaufmann and consultant Eric Branstad , the son of former Governor Terry Branstad , serving as senior advisors.[ 20] In March 2023, Trump's campaign announced that it would hold an "America First Education Policy" event in Davenport on March 13, marking his first official campaign appearance in the state.[ 21] [ 22]
Nikki Haley had held 22 events in Iowa by May 19, 2023.[ 23] Her campaign made ad buys of $10 million in Iowa and New Hampshire beginning in December 2023.[ 24] On December 8, Haley addressed a convention center conference where she stated her campaign had momentum and needed "to have a good showing in Iowa. I don’t think that means we have to win, necessarily, but I think that we have to have a good showing."[ 25]
Governor of Florida Ron DeSantis held a pair of events in the state on March 10 and was accompanied by Governor Kim Reynolds .[ 26] Reynolds remained neutral between Trump and DeSantis, which caused Trump to post on Truth Social accusing her of stealing the race from him and that like DeSantis, she would not have been elected without Trump's help.[ 27] Reynolds broke her neutrality in November 2023 and endorsed DeSantis.[ 28] Between October and December, DeSantis toured all 99 Iowan counties .[ 29] In December, DeSantis' wife, Casey DeSantis , was widely criticized for calling on Republicans from other states to participate in the Iowa caucuses.[ 30]
Asa Hutchinson focused most of his energy campaigning in the state, hoping to perform well and use that success as a springboard for the rest of his campaign.[ 31] [ 32]
Endorsements
Ron DeSantis
Governors
State senators
Amy Sinclair , District 12 (2023–present) and District 14 (2013–2023); President (2023–present)[ 34]
Jack Whitver , District 23 (2023–present), District 19 (2013–2023), and District 35 (2011–2013); Majority Leader (2018–present)[ 35]
Dave Rowley , District 5 (2023–present) and District 1 (2022–2023)[ 34]
Mark Costello , District 8 (2023–present) and District 12 (2015–2023)[ 34]
Tom Shipley , District 9 (2023–present) and District 11 (2015–2023)[ 34]
Ken Rozenboom , District 19 (2023–present) and District 40 (2013–2023)[ 34]
Jesse Green , District 24 (2021–present)[ 34]
Dennis Guth , District 28 (2023–present) and District 4 (2013–2023)[ 34]
Waylon Brown , District 30 (2023–present) and District 26 (2017–2023)[ 34]
Mike Klimesh , District 32 (2023–present) and District 28 (2021–2023); Mayor of Spillville (2008–2020)[ 34]
Dan Zumbach , District 34 (2023–present) and District 48 (2013–2023)[ 36]
Adrian Dickey , District 44 (2023–present) and District 41 (2021–2023)[ 34]
Scott Webster , District 47 (2023–present) (switched endorsement to Ramaswamy) [ 37]
Jeff Reichman , District 50 (2023–present) and District 42 (2021–2023)[ 38] (previously endorsed Trump)
State representatives
Matt Windschitl , District 15 (2023–present), District 17 (2013–2023), and District 56 (2007–2013); Majority Leader (2020–present)[ 34]
John Wills , District 10 (2023–present) and District 1 (2015–2023); Speaker Pro Tempore (2020–present)[ 34]
Robert Henderson , District 2 (2023–present)[ 34]
Skyler Wheeler , District 4 (2017–present)[ 34]
Ann Meyer , District 8 (2023–present) and District 9 (2019–2023)[ 34]
Henry Stone , District 9 (2023–present) and District 7 (2021–2023)[ 34]
Brian Best , District 11 (2023–present) and District 12 (2015–2023)[ 34]
Steven Holt , District 12 (2023–present) and District 18 (2015–2023) (switched endorsement to Ramaswamy) [ 34]
Ken Carlson , District 13 (2023–present)[ 34]
David Sieck , District 16 (2023–present) and District 23 (2015–2023)[ 34]
Devon Wood , District 17 (2023–present)[ 34]
Tom Moore , District 18 (2023–present) and District 21 (2015–2023)[ 34]
Brent Siegrist , District 19 (2023–present), District 16 (2021–2023), District 84 (1993–2003), and District 99 (1985–1993)[ 34]
Hans Wilz , District 25 (2023–present)[ 34]
Jon Dunwell , District 38 (2023–present) and District 29 (2021–2023)[ 34]
Bill Gustoff , District 40 (2023–present)[ 34]
Dan Gehlbach , District 46 (2023–present)[ 34]
Carter Nordman , District 47 (2023–present) and District 19 (2021–2023)[ 34]
Phil Thompson , District 48 (2023–present) and District 47 (2019–2023)[ 34]
Dave Deyoe , District 51 (2023–present), District 49 (2013–2023), and District 10 (2007–2013)[ 34]
Dean Fisher , District 53 (2023–present) and District 72 (2013–2023)[ 34]
Tom Determann , District 69 (2023–present)[ 34]
Norlin Mommsen , District 70 (2023–present) and District 97 (2015–2023)[ 34]
Mike Vondran , District 94 (2023–present)[ 34]
Taylor Collins , District 95 (2023–present)[ 34]
Notable individuals
Nikki Haley
Former executive branch officials
State senators
State representatives
Megan Jones , District 6 (2013–present)[ 43]
Jacob Bossman , District 14 (2018–present)[ 44]
Austin Harris , District 26 (2023–present)[ 45]
Brian Lohse , District 45 (2019–present)[ 40]
Shannon Latham , District 55 (2021–present)[ 46]
Jane Bloomingdale , District 60 (2017–present)[ 40]
Chad Ingels , District 68 (2021–present)[ 47]
Carmine Boal , District 70 (1999–2009)[ 40]
Dan Clute , District 59 (2007–2009)[ 48]
George Eichhorn , District 9 (2001–2007)[ 48]
Scott Raecker , District 63 (1999–2012)[ 48]
Mayors
Notable individuals
Vivek Ramaswamy
Former U.S. Representatives
State executive officials
State senators
Donald Trump
Former Executive Branch officials
Former U.S. Representatives
State Executive officials
State senators
State representatives
Brooke Boden , District 21 (2023–present) and District 26 (2021–2023)[ 56]
Steve Bradley , District 66 (2023–present) and District 58 [ 57]
Mark Cisneros , District 96 (2023–present) and District 91 (2021–2023)[ 58]
Cindy Golding , District 83 (2023–present)[ 57]
Stan Gustafson , District 22 (2023–present) and District 25 (2014–2023)[ 56]
Heather Hora , District 92 (2023–present)[ 57]
Craig Johnson , District 67 (2023–present)[ 57]
Bobby Kaufmann , District 82 (2023–present) and District 73 (2013–2023)[ 60]
Shannon Lundgren , 65th district (2023–present) and the 57th district (2017–2023)[ 61]
Anne Osmundson , District 64 (2023–present) and District 56 (2019–2023)[ 57]
Mike Sexton , 7th district (2023–present) and the 10th district (2015–2023)[ 62]
Brad Sherman , District 91 (2023–present)[ 57]
Luana Stoltenberg , 81st district (2023–present)[ 63]
Charley Thomson , 58th district (2023–present)[ 64]
Derek Wulf , District 76 (2023–present)[ 57]
Notable individuals
Declined to endorse
U.S. Senators
U.S. Representatives
Newspapers
Endorsements by incumbent Republicans in the
Iowa Senate .
Endorsed Ron DeSantis (13)
Endorsed Donald Trump (8)
Endorsed Nikki Haley (1)
Endorsed Vivek Ramaswamy (1)
No endorsement (11)
Endorsements by incumbent Republicans in the
Iowa House of Representatives .
Endorsed Ron DeSantis (27)
Endorsed Donald Trump (15)
Endorsed Nikki Haley (7)
Endorsed Vivek Ramaswamy (1)
No endorsement (14)
Polling
Local regression graph of all polls conducted since November 2022.
Aggregate polls
Source of poll aggregation
Dates administered
Dates updated
Ron DeSantis
Nikki Haley
Asa Hutchinson
Vivek Ramaswamy
Donald Trump
Other/ Undecided[ a]
Margin
270toWin [ 72]
January 11–15, 2024
January 15, 2024
15.7%
18.5%
0.8%
6.8%
52.5%
5.7%[ b]
Trump +34.0
FiveThirtyEight [ 73]
Through January 14, 2024
January 15, 2024
15.8%
18.7%
0.7%
6.4%
52.7%
5.7%
Trump +34.0
RealClearPolling [ 74]
January 5–14, 2024
January 15, 2024
15.7%
18.8%
0.8%
6.8%
52.5%
5.4%
Trump +33.7
Average
15.7%
18.7%
0.7%
6.7%
52.6%
5.6%
Trump +33.9
Poll source
Date(s) administered
Sample size[ c]
Marginof error
Doug Burgum
Chris Christie
Ron DeSantis
Larry Elder
Nikki Haley
Asa Hutchinson
Mike Pence
Vivek Ramaswamy
Tim Scott
Donald Trump
Other
Undecided
Trafalgar Group [ 75]
Jan 12–14, 2024
1,092 (LV)
± 2.9%
–
–
19.3%
–
18.5%
0.7%
–
6.5%
–
52.1%
–
2.9%
Selzer & Co. [ 76] [ A]
Jan 7–12, 2024
705 (LV)
± 3.7%
–
–
16%
–
20%
1%
–
8%
–
48%
3%[ d]
5%
Insider Advantage [ 77]
January 11, 2024
850 (LV)
± 4.3%
–
–
17%
–
17%
0%
–
7%
–
51%
–
8%
Suffolk University [ 78]
Jan 6–10, 2024
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
–
13%
–
20%
0%
–
6%
–
54%
–
–
Civiqs [ 79]
Jan 5–10, 2024
433 (LV)
± 6.4%
–
4%
14%
–
14%
0%
–
8%
–
55%
2%
3%
InsiderAdvantage [ 80]
Dec 18–19, 2023
850 (LV)
± 4.36%
–
4%
15%
–
17%
0%
–
8%
–
50%
–
6%
Fox Business [ 81]
Dec 14–18, 2023
804 (LV)
± 3.5%
–
3%
18%
–
16%
0%
–
7%
–
52%
1%
2%
Emerson College [ 82]
Dec 15–17, 2023
420 (LV)
± 4.7%
–
4%
15%
–
17%
0%
–
8%
–
50%
–
6%
Iowa State University /Civiqs [ 83]
Dec 8–13, 2023
438 (LV)
± 6.0%
–
4%
17%
–
15%
1%
–
7%
–
54%
0%[ e]
2%
Selzer & Co. [ 84] [ A]
Dec 2–7, 2023
502 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
4%
19%
–
16%
1%
–
5%
–
51%
2%[ f]
3%
Trafalgar Group [ 85]
Dec 1–4, 2023
1,091 (LV)
± 2.9%
2%
4%
22%
–
19%
1%
–
5%
–
45%
–
1%
Morning Consult [ 86]
Nov 1–30, 2023
324 (LV)
–
1%
2%
18%
–
11%
0%
–
13%
5%
50%
–
–
Iowa State University /Civiqs [ 87]
Nov 10–15, 2023
432 (LV)
± 4.3%
1%
3%
18%
–
12%
0%
–
6%
2%
54%
0%
4%
Arc Insights [ 88] [ B]
Nov 9–14, 2023
800 (LV)
± 3.5%
1%
4%
17%
–
17%
<1%
–
5%
–
44%
2%[ g]
9%
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates [ 89] [ C]
Nov 9–12, 2023
600 (LV)
± 4.0%
1%
5%
19%
-
16%
0%
-
4%
5%
43%
0%
7%
2%
5%
20%
-
18%
0%
-
5%
-
44%
0%
7%
Trafalgar Group (R) [ 90]
Nov 3–5, 2023
1,084 (LV)
± 2.9%
4%
5%
18%
–
15%
0%
–
5%
9%
44%
0%[ h]
1%
Morning Consult [ 86]
Oct 1–31, 2023
324 (LV)
–
1%
2%
15%
–
7%
0%
3%
9%
6%
57%
–
–
Public Opinion Strategies [ 91] [ D]
Oct 24–26, 2023
400 (LV)
± 4.9%
1%
2%
20%
–
12%
1%
1%
4%
5%
46%
–
–
Selzer & Co. [ 92] [ A]
Oct 22–26, 2023
404 (LV)
± 4.9%
3%
4%
16%
–
16%
1%
2%[ i]
4%
7%
43%
2%[ j]
3%
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates [ 89] [ C]
Oct 17–19, 2023
600 (LV)
± 4.0%
2%
3%
21%
0%
14%
0%
2%
4%
5%
42%
2%[ k]
6%
Iowa State University /Civiqs [ 93]
Oct 6–10, 2023
425 (LV)
± 6.1%
0%
2%
17%
0%
11%
0%
1%
5%
4%
55%
2%[ l]
1%
Morning Consult [ 94]
Sep 1–30, 2023
316 (LV)
–
1%
5%
13%
–
6%
–
7%
9%
7%
53%
–
–
CBS News /YouGov [ 95]
Sep 15–24, 2023
458 (LV)
± 6.1%
0%
1%
21%
0%
8%
1%
6%
5%
6%
51%
0%[ m]
–
Public Opinion Strategies [ 96] [ E]
Sep 19–21, 2023
400 (LV)
± 4.9%
1%
2%
21%
–
9%
0%
2%
5%
6%
45%
–
9%
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates [ 97] [ F]
Sep 17–19, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
1%
5%
15%
–
13%
<1%
2%
5%
5%
45%
<1%[ n]
7%
Trafalgar Group (R) [ 98]
Sep 14–18, 2023
1,079 (LV)
± 2.9%
4%
2%
16%
0%
8%
0%
4%
7%
7%
49%
1%[ o]
2%
Fox Business [ 99]
Sep 14–18, 2023
813 (LV)
± 3%
2%
3%
15%
<0.5%
11%
<0.5%
3%
7%
7%
46%
3%[ p]
2%
Emerson College [ 100]
Sep 7–9, 2023
357 (V)
± 5.1%
3%
–
14%
–
7%
–
3%
7%
8%
49%
6%
–
Civiqs [ 101]
Sep 2–7, 2023
434 (LV)
± 5.8%
2%
3%
14%
–
10%
0%
1%
9%
6%
51%
1%[ q]
–
Public Opinion Strategies [ 102]
Sep 5–6, 2023
400 (LV)
± 4.9%
1%
3%
22%
–
6%
1%
2%
6%
5%
45%
–
–
Morning Consult [ 94]
Aug 1–31, 2023
341 (LV)
–
1%
4%
15%
–
6%
0%
6%
8%
7%
52%
0%[ r]
1%
Fabrizio, Lee & Associates [ 103]
Aug 25–28, 2023
500 (LV)
–
2%
3%
18%
<1%
10%
1%
2%
7%
7%
44%
<2%[ s]
5%
Public Opinion Strategies [ 104]
August 24, 2023
400 (LV)
± 4.9%
1%
1%
21%
–
11%
1%
2%
7%
7%
41%
–
–
Public Opinion Strategies [ 104]
Aug 19–21, 2023
400 (LV)
± 4.9%
3%
3%
14%
–
3%
<1%
2%
10%
3%
42%
–
–
HarrisX [ 105] [ G]
Aug 17–21, 2023
1,120 (LV)
–[ t]
2%
3%
11%
0%
4%
0%
3%
9%
8%
45%
3%[ u]
12%
–[ v]
2%
4%
21%
1%
6%
1%
8%
18%
15%
–
4%[ w]
19%
Echelon Insights [ 106] [ H]
Aug 15–17, 2023
800 (LV)
± 4.2%
2%
4%
17%
–
2%
<1%
3%
8%
3%
33%
3%[ x]
14%
Selzer & Co. [ 107] [ A]
Aug 13–17, 2023
406 (LV)
± 4.9%
2%
5%
19%
–
6%
–
6%
4%
9%
42%
1%[ y]
5%
The Trafalgar Group (R) [ 108]
Aug 14–16, 2023
1,126 (LV)
± 2.9%
3%
4%
16%
1%
5%
1%
4%
6%
13%
42%
3%[ z]
3%
New York Times /Siena College [ 109]
Jul 28 – August 1, 2023
432 (LV)
± 5.9%
1%
<1%
20%
<1%
4%
<1%
3%
5%
9%
44%
<2%[ aa]
12%
–
–
39%
–
–
–
–
–
–
55%
–
4%
Manhattan Institute [ 110]
Jul 2023
625 (LV)
–
3%
4%
17%
0%
5%
1%
4%
6%
10%
42%
1%[ ab]
7%
Morning Consult [ 94]
July 1–31, 2023
350 (LV)
–
1%
2%
19%
–
4%
0%
4%
8%
5%
55%
–
2%
National Research [ 111] [ I]
Jul 23–24, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
3%
4%
15%
–
3%
0%
2%
5%
9%
42%
–
13%
Fox Business [ 112]
Jul 15–19, 2023
806 (LV)
± 3.5%
3%
3%
16%
<1%
5%
1%
4%
6%
11%
46%
1%[ ac]
4%
co/efficient [ 113] [ J]
Jul 15–17, 2023
2,238 (LV)
± 2.6%
–
3%
16%
–
3%
–
3%
5%
10%
46%
–
10%
National Research [ 114] [ I]
Jul 5–6, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
3%
21%
–
2%
1%
3%
3%
7%
44%
–
14%
Morning Consult [ 94]
June 1–30, 2023
317 (LV)
–
0%
1%
18%
–
2%
1%
7%
3%
3%
64%
0%[ ad]
1%
McLaughlin & Associates [ 115] [ J]
Jun 10–12, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
–
19%
–
–
–
6%
–
9%
51%
–
15%
–
–
33%
–
–
–
–
–
–
60%
–
7%
National Research [ 116] [ I]
Jun 5–7, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
2%
24%
–
4%
0%
4%
1%
5%
39%
–
21%
Victory Insights [ 117]
Jun 3–6, 2023
450 (LV)
± 4.9%
–
3%
21%
–
5%
–
5%
2%
6%
44%
3%[ ae]
12%
–
–
32%
–
–
–
–
–
–
49%
–
19%
WPA Intelligence [ 118] [ K]
May 30 – June 1, 2023
655 (RV)
–
–
–
29%
–
6%
<1%
4%
4%
7%
39%
–
11%
–
–
43%
–
–
–
–
–
–
45%
–
12%
Morning Consult [ 94]
May 1–31, 2023
300 (LV)
–
–
–
17%
–
5%
0%
8%
5%
1%
60%
4%[ af]
0%
McLaughlin & Associates [ 119]
May 23–25, 2023
400 (LV)
–
0%
1%
24%
1%
4%
1%
5%
2%
7%
50%
3%[ ag]
4%
–
–
36%
–
–
–
–
–
–
54%
–
11%
Emerson College [ 120]
May 19–22, 2023
600 (LV)
± 3.9%
0%
–
20%
–
5%
1%
5%
2%
3%
62%
2%[ ah]
–
National Research [ 121] [ I]
May 9–11, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
–
26%
–
6%
1%
4%
3%
1%
44%
–
11%
–
–
33%
–
–
–
–
–
–
45%
–
22%
McLaughlin & Associates [ 122] [ J]
Apr 27–30, 2023
500 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
1%
20%
1%
5%
0%
7%
2%
1%
54%
5%[ ai]
5%
–
–
22%
–
–
–
–
–
–
57%
–
–
Morning Consult [ 94]
Apr 1–30, 2023
294 (LV)
–
–
–
20%
–
4%
0%
7%
4%
0%
60%
3%[ aj]
2%
Victory Insights [ 123]
Apr 10–13, 2023
400 (LV)
± 4.8%
–
–
24%
–
14%
4%
–
3%
–
54%
1%[ ak]
–
–
–
59%
–
24%
5%
–
8%
–
–
4%[ al]
–
–
–
41%
–
–
–
–
–
–
59%
–
–
Cygnal [ 124]
Apr 3–4, 2023
600 (LV)
± 3.9%
–
–
30%
–
5%
1%
2%
2%
1%
37%
3%[ am]
19%
J.L. Partners [ 125]
Mar 25 – April 4, 2023
628 (LV)
± 3.9%
–
–
26%
–
5%
–
3%
1%
–
41%
10%[ an]
14%
–
–
39%
–
–
–
–
–
–
47%
–
15%
Morning Consult [ 94]
Mar 1–31, 2023
329 (LV)
–
–
–
27%
–
5%
–
7%
–
0%
57%
2%[ ao]
2%
Morning Consult [ 94]
Feb 1–28, 2023
281 (LV)
–
–
–
25%
–
6%
–
9%
0%
0%
52%
8%[ ap]
0%
Morning Consult [ 94]
Jan 1–31, 2023
367 (LV)
–
–
–
27%
–
5%
–
9%
–
1%
51%
5%[ aq]
2%
Morning Consult [ 94]
Dec 1–31, 2022
227 (LV)
–
–
–
35%
–
2%
–
11%
–
1%
44%
8%[ ar]
0%
WPA Intelligence [ 126] [ L]
Nov 11–13, 2022
508 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
–
48%
–
–
–
–
–
–
37%
–
16%
WPA Intelligence [ 126] [ L]
Aug 7–10, 2022
508 (LV)
± 4.4%
–
–
37%
–
–
–
–
–
–
52%
–
12%
Neighborhood Research and Media [ 127] [ M]
Jun 22 – July 1, 2022
546 (LV)
± 4.2%
–
–
17%
–
2%
–
2%
–
–
38%
4%[ as]
–
Victory Insights [ 128]
Mar 5–8, 2021
630 (RV)
–
–
–
4%
–
6%
–
8%
–
–
61%
13%[ at]
–
–
–
20%
–
10%
–
19%
–
–
–
33% [ au]
–
Results
Each candidate's vote share and 1st/2nd-place finisher in each county
Just minutes after the caucus events started at 7 pm local time, Trump was projected to win the most votes by the Associated Press.[ 129] Trump received 20 delegates, DeSantis nine, Haley eight, and Ramaswamy three.[ 130] Barring any shifts in votes after the conclusion of the Iowa Republican Party's ongoing recanvass of the caucus results,[ 131] Trump won all of Iowa's counties except for Johnson County , which he lost to Haley by one vote.[ 130]
DeSantis and Haley finished second and third place respectively.[ 132] [ 133] Ramaswamy, who placed fourth, announced the suspension of his campaign the night of the caucus, endorsing Trump, but will retain his three expected delegates. Hutchinson announced the suspension of his campaign the day after the caucus.[ 134] DeSantis, despite finishing in second place, announced the suspension of his campaign six days after the caucus.
The DeSantis campaign was highly critical of "media outlets" calling the results before the caucuses had closed.[ 135]
According to The Des Moines Register ,[ 1] as well as The Hill [ 136] the turnout was reduced compared to the previous caucuses in 2020, due to the colder than normal weather .
By county
County
Donald Trump
Ron DeSantis
Nikki Haley
Vivek Ramaswamy
Others
Margin
Total
votes
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
Adair
50.63%
120
28.27%
67
8.86%
21
12.24%
29
0.00%
0
22.36%
53
237
Adams
58.70%
108
18.48%
34
14.13%
26
8.15%
15
0.54%
1
40.22%
74
185
Allamakee
66.86%
353
15.53%
82
10.61%
56
4.55%
24
2.46%
13
51.33%
271
528
Appanoose
71.87%
373
11.95%
62
6.94%
36
8.48%
44
0.77%
4
59.92%
311
519
Audubon
64.26%
178
15.88%
44
10.11%
28
9.39%
26
0.36%
1
48.38%
134
277
Benton
59.60%
652
21.85%
239
9.60%
105
8.59%
94
0.37%
4
37.75%
413
1,094
Black Hawk
52.23%
1,782
16.03%
547
21.98%
750
9.03%
308
0.73%
25
30.25%
1,032
3,412
Boone
46.46%
505
27.69%
301
16.01%
174
7.73%
84
2.12%
23
18.77%
204
1,087
Bremer
46.59%
437
18.55%
174
23.13%
217
11.19%
105
0.53%
5
23.45%
220
938
Buchanan
63.32%
423
15.42%
103
9.13%
61
10.48%
70
1.65%
11
47.90%
320
668
Buena Vista
61.87%
357
14.56%
84
14.56%
84
7.63%
44
1.39%
8
47.31%
273
577
Butler
58.47%
352
16.28%
98
12.96%
78
10.30%
62
1.99%
12
42.19%
254
602
Calhoun
62.87%
210
15.87%
53
11.98%
40
7.78%
26
1.50%
5
47.01%
157
334
Carroll
53.30%
355
20.42%
136
19.37%
129
5.56%
37
1.35%
9
32.88%
219
666
Cass
61.68%
375
17.93%
109
17.27%
105
2.63%
16
0.49%
3
43.75%
266
608
Cedar
60.19%
378
15.61%
98
15.61%
98
7.96%
50
0.64%
4
44.59%
280
628
Cerro Gordo
59.56%
941
14.87%
235
17.78%
281
6.14%
97
1.65%
26
41.77%
660
1,580
Cherokee
58.30%
337
17.13%
99
14.88%
86
8.65%
50
1.04%
6
41.17%
238
578
Chickasaw
58.43%
253
17.32%
75
13.86%
60
9.47%
41
0.92%
4
41.11%
178
433
Clarke
63.90%
246
14.55%
56
12.99%
50
5.71%
22
2.86%
11
49.35%
190
385
Clay
59.09%
390
18.18%
120
13.48%
89
8.03%
53
1.21%
8
40.91%
270
660
Clayton
63.79%
428
18.63%
125
7.60%
51
7.60%
51
2.38%
16
45.16%
303
671
Clinton
69.83%
1,139
11.47%
187
12.75%
208
5.95%
97
0.00%
0
57.08%
931
1,631
Crawford
52.47%
202
9.61%
37
12.47%
48
23.90%
92
1.56%
6
28.57%
110
385
Dallas
38.95%
1,978
25.03%
1,271
26.60%
1,351
8.65%
439
0.77%
39
12.35%
627
5,078
Davis
67.30%
177
16.35%
43
10.65%
28
4.56%
12
1.14%
3
50.95%
134
263
Decatur
60.71%
153
19.05%
48
13.89%
35
5.95%
15
0.40%
1
41.67%
105
252
Delaware
55.62%
292
18.29%
96
16.19%
85
8.95%
47
0.95%
5
37.33%
196
525
Des Moines
59.68%
786
21.49%
283
11.85%
156
6.68%
88
0.30%
4
38.19%
503
1,317
Dickinson
52.00%
429
20.97%
173
15.15%
125
10.91%
90
0.97%
8
31.03%
256
825
Dubuque
47.74%
1,244
23.37%
609
19.53%
509
9.13%
238
0.23%
6
24.37%
635
2,606
Emmet
67.94%
195
14.63%
42
6.97%
20
9.41%
27
1.05%
3
53.31%
153
287
Fayette
56.70%
368
16.33%
106
17.87%
116
7.24%
47
1.85%
12
38.83%
252
649
Floyd
66.41%
346
17.08%
89
10.56%
55
4.61%
24
1.34%
7
49.33%
257
521
Franklin
54.25%
217
20.00%
80
15.25%
61
7.75%
31
2.75%
11
34.25%
137
400
Fremont
68.33%
164
12.08%
29
15.00%
36
4.58%
11
0.00%
0
53.33%
128
240
Greene
56.33%
209
18.33%
68
16.44%
61
6.74%
25
2.16%
8
38.01%
141
371
Grundy
51.68%
292
20.35%
115
15.04%
85
11.86%
67
1.06%
6
31.33%
177
565
Guthrie
55.58%
264
17.47%
83
18.53%
88
8.00%
38
0.42%
2
37.05%
176
475
Hamilton
56.90%
334
20.61%
121
14.48%
85
7.16%
42
0.85%
5
36.29%
213
587
Hancock
65.44%
337
17.67%
91
8.93%
46
6.21%
32
1.75%
9
47.77%
246
515
Hardin
50.97%
368
23.41%
169
12.33%
89
10.80%
78
2.49%
18
27.56%
199
722
Harrison
66.56%
428
13.53%
87
11.82%
76
7.31%
47
0.78%
5
53.03%
341
643
Henry
64.88%
436
18.30%
123
12.20%
82
4.02%
27
0.60%
4
46.58%
313
672
Howard
63.79%
222
10.06%
35
16.95%
59
8.62%
30
0.57%
2
46.84%
163
348
Humboldt
70.65%
313
11.06%
49
8.80%
39
9.03%
40
0.45%
2
59.59%
264
443
Ida
51.16%
132
15.89%
41
21.32%
55
9.30%
24
2.33%
6
29.84%
77
258
Iowa
55.21%
360
22.39%
146
15.18%
99
6.29%
41
0.92%
6
32.82%
214
652
Jackson
71.97%
498
9.83%
68
10.84%
75
7.37%
51
0.00%
0
61.13%
423
692
Jasper
54.62%
751
22.84%
314
13.02%
179
7.85%
108
1.67%
23
31.78%
437
1,375
Jefferson
69.52%
301
12.01%
52
9.24%
40
8.55%
37
0.69%
3
57.51%
249
433
Johnson
35.49%
1,270
21.10%
755
35.52%
1,271
7.15%
256
0.73%
26
-0.03%
-1
3,578
Jones
55.91%
426
19.16%
146
14.83%
113
9.19%
70
0.92%
7
36.75%
280
762
Keokuk
74.61%
285
12.83%
49
7.59%
29
4.45%
17
0.52%
2
61.78%
236
382
Kossuth
66.87%
430
15.86%
102
9.02%
58
7.93%
51
0.31%
2
51.01%
328
643
Lee
65.79%
550
16.27%
136
8.97%
75
6.82%
57
2.15%
18
49.52%
414
836
Linn
42.75%
2,992
23.59%
1,651
24.80%
1,736
8.07%
565
0.79%
55
17.95%
1,256
6,999
Louisa
70.65%
219
17.74%
55
8.71%
27
2.90%
9
0.00%
0
52.90%
164
310
Lucas
66.46%
218
14.33%
47
6.40%
21
11.59%
38
1.22%
4
52.13%
171
328
Lyon
58.73%
427
28.20%
205
7.43%
54
5.36%
39
0.28%
2
30.54%
222
727
Madison
57.10%
430
19.79%
149
14.74%
111
7.84%
59
0.53%
4
37.32%
281
753
Mahaska
52.75%
499
28.96%
274
9.41%
89
7.29%
69
1.59%
15
23.78%
225
946
Marion
46.08%
700
28.97%
440
17.18%
261
6.78%
103
0.99%
15
17.12%
260
1,519
Marshall
52.68%
649
24.19%
298
14.53%
179
7.06%
87
1.54%
19
28.49%
351
1,232
Mills
59.00%
449
20.24%
154
16.56%
126
3.94%
30
0.26%
2
38.76%
295
761
Mitchell
49.86%
178
20.45%
73
15.41%
55
14.01%
50
0.28%
1
29.41%
105
357
Monona
70.18%
200
15.44%
44
7.72%
22
6.67%
19
0.00%
0
54.74%
156
285
Monroe
66.67%
162
14.81%
36
9.05%
22
7.00%
17
2.47%
6
51.85%
126
243
Montgomery
57.28%
177
9.71%
30
22.01%
68
8.74%
27
2.27%
7
35.28%
109
309
Muscatine
53.74%
582
18.10%
196
20.22%
219
7.76%
84
0.18%
2
33.52%
363
1,083
O'Brien
62.91%
329
17.40%
91
8.80%
46
7.07%
37
3.82%
20
45.51%
238
523
Osceola
64.36%
121
15.96%
30
12.23%
23
6.38%
12
1.06%
2
48.40%
91
188
Page
63.94%
328
15.40%
79
15.59%
80
3.90%
20
1.17%
6
48.34%
248
513
Palo Alto
56.63%
188
21.39%
71
12.05%
40
9.64%
32
0.30%
1
35.24%
117
332
Plymouth
63.97%
712
17.61%
196
11.41%
127
6.29%
70
0.72%
8
46.36%
516
1,113
Pocahontas
67.11%
255
10.26%
39
11.32%
43
11.05%
42
0.26%
1
55.79%
212
380
Polk
38.03%
6,629
27.20%
4,742
26.36%
4,595
7.50%
1,308
0.91%
159
10.82%
1,887
17,433
Pottawattamie
61.01%
1,770
13.37%
388
18.20%
528
6.55%
190
0.86%
25
42.81%
1,242
2,901
Poweshiek
51.86%
293
23.36%
132
15.40%
87
8.14%
46
1.24%
7
28.50%
161
565
Ringgold
59.28%
131
29.41%
65
7.24%
16
2.26%
5
1.81%
4
29.86%
66
221
Sac
54.72%
174
16.35%
52
16.35%
52
11.32%
36
1.26%
4
38.36%
122
318
Scott
49.20%
2,857
18.32%
1,064
24.30%
1,411
7.68%
446
0.50%
29
24.90%
1,446
5,807
Shelby
68.55%
327
10.06%
48
11.74%
56
7.76%
37
1.89%
9
56.81%
271
477
Sioux
44.98%
964
31.12%
667
15.59%
334
6.16%
132
2.15%
46
13.86%
297
2,143
Story
33.94%
1,184
26.45%
923
29.95%
1,045
8.31%
290
1.35%
47
3.98%
139
3,489
Tama
58.45%
339
19.66%
114
11.90%
69
9.14%
53
0.86%
5
38.79%
225
580
Taylor
69.06%
125
16.02%
29
8.84%
16
6.08%
11
0.00%
0
53.04%
96
181
Union
58.77%
201
23.10%
79
9.94%
34
6.14%
21
2.05%
7
35.67%
122
342
Van Buren
71.28%
211
17.23%
51
6.08%
18
5.41%
16
0.00%
0
54.05%
160
296
Wapello
71.64%
538
12.52%
94
9.19%
69
6.26%
47
0.40%
3
59.12%
444
751
Warren
51.29%
1,292
26.52%
668
15.16%
382
6.43%
162
0.60%
15
24.77%
624
2,519
Washington
57.27%
496
22.29%
193
12.12%
105
7.51%
65
0.81%
7
34.99%
303
866
Wayne
66.28%
171
20.54%
53
5.81%
15
6.59%
17
0.78%
2
45.74%
118
258
Webster
66.46%
652
16.11%
158
9.48%
93
7.03%
69
0.92%
9
50.36%
494
981
Winnebago
55.29%
256
23.11%
107
11.45%
53
9.50%
44
0.65%
3
32.18%
149
463
Winneshiek
53.90%
415
17.27%
133
19.22%
148
7.40%
57
2.21%
17
34.68%
267
770
Woodbury
56.62%
1,565
21.53%
595
13.17%
364
6.80%
188
1.88%
52
35.09%
970
2,764
Worth
66.90%
194
12.07%
35
10.00%
29
10.34%
30
0.69%
2
54.83%
159
290
Wright
55.21%
212
22.92%
88
14.32%
55
6.77%
26
0.78%
3
32.29%
124
384
See also
Notes
^ Calculated by taking the difference of 100% and all other candidates combined.
^ Chris Christie 3.0%Ryan Binkley 1.5%
^ Key: A – all adults RV – registered voters LV – likely voters V – unclear
^ Ryan Binkley with 1%; "None of these" with 2%
^ Ryan Binkley and David Stuckenberg with 0%
^ Ryan Binkley with 0%; "None of these" with 2%
^ "Someone else" with 2%
^ Ryan Binkley with 0%
^ The other percentages in this result were increased by redistributing Pence's supporters to their second-choice candidates in the poll
^ "Someone else" with 2%; Ryan Binkley with 0%
^ Perry Johnson with 1%
^ Ryan Binkley with 2%; Will Hurd and Perry Johnson with 0%
^ Will Hurd with 0%
^ Perry Johnson & Will Hurd with <1%
^ Perry Johnson with 1%; Ryan Binkley with and Will Hurd with 0%
^ Ryan Binkley, Perry Johnson and "Other" with 1%; Asa Hutchinson and "None of the above" with <0.5%
^ Ryan Binkley with 1% and Will Hurd with 0%
^ Francis Suarez with 0%
^ Perry Johnson and Will Hurd with <1%; Francis Suarez with 0%
^ Standard VI response
^ "Someone else" with 2%; Ryan Binkley with 1%; Will Hurd, Perry Johnson, Corey Stapleton and Francis Suarez with 0%
^ If Trump did not run in the caucuses
^ "Someone else" with 3%; Ryan Binkley with 1%; Will Hurd, Perry Johnson, Corey Stapleton and Francis Suarez with 0%
^ "Someone else" with 2%; Will Hurd with 1%; Ryan Binkley and Francis Suarez with <1%
^ Will Hurd with 1%
^ Ryan Binkley and Perry Johnson with 1%; Will Hurd and Francis Suarez with 0%
^ "Someone else" with <1%; Will Hurd with <1%; Francis Suarez with 0%
^ "Someone else" with 1%; Francis Suarez with 0%
^ Franciz Suarez at 1%; Will Hurd at less than 1%
^ Francis Saurez with 0%
^ Someone else with 3%
^ Greg Abbott with 2%; Liz Cheney and Kristi Noem with 1%
^ Mitt Romney with 3%; Rick Perry, Chris Sununu, Perry Johnson, Francis Suarez with 0%
^ Someone else with 2%
^ Mitt Romney with 4%, Liz Cheney with 1%, Chris Sununu, John Bolton and Glenn Youngkin with 0%
^ Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney and Kristi Noem with 1%; Greg Abbott, Mike Pompeo with 0%
^ Perry Johnson with 1%
^ Perry Johnson with 4%
^ Kristi Noem with 2%; Mike Pompeo with 1%
^ Mike Pompeo with 3%; Glenn Youngkin with 1%; "Someone else" with 6%
^ Kristi Noem and Mike Pompeo with 1%; Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney and Glenn Youngkin with 0%
^ Liz Cheney and Ted Cruz with 3%; Kristi Noem and Mike Pompeo with 1%
^ Ted Cruz with 3%; Greg Abbott, Kristi Noem and Mike Pompeo with 1%, Liz Cheney with 0%
^ Kristi Noem with 3%; Ted Cruz with 2%; Greg Abbott, Liz Cheney and Mike Pompeo with 1%, Glenn Youngkin with 0%
^ Kim Reynolds, Kristi Noem, Ted Cruz, and Marco Rubio with 1%
^ Mitt Romney with 5%; Ted Cruz with 4%; Kristi Noem and Mike Pompeo with 2%
^ Ted Cruz with 16%; Mitt Romney with 5%; Kristi Noem and Mike Pompeo with 6%
Partisan clients
References
^ a b Eller, Donnelle (January 17, 2024). "Iowa Caucuses drew 15% of state's registered Republicans. Why the lower turnout?" . The Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 17, 2024. Retrieved January 26, 2024 – via Yahoo! News .
^ Cohen, Ethan (July 8, 2023). "Iowa Republicans will hold 2024 caucuses on January 15" . CNN . Archived from the original on July 8, 2023. Retrieved July 8, 2023 .
^ "Iowa Republican Presidential Nominating Process" . The Green Papers . March 5, 2023. Archived from the original on February 8, 2023. Retrieved February 6, 2023 .
^ Collinson, Stephen (January 15, 2024). "Trump's landslide Iowa win is a stunning show of strength after leaving Washington in disgrace" . CNN. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ "Iowa Caucus 2024 Live Election Results" . www.nbcnews.com . Archived from the original on January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ Wolff, Michael (January 16, 2024). " 'Trump is the inevitable nominee' after big win in Iowa caucuses says Michael Wolff" . Sky News. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ Tumulty, Karen (January 15, 2024). "Trump's coronation officially gets underway" . The Washington Post . Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ Wren, Adam; Allison, Natalie (January 16, 2024). "Trump flexes and the rest of the field fades: 5 takeaways from a big night in Iowa" . Politico . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ "Nikki Haley beats Donald Trump in Johnson County Iowa Caucus by a single vote" . Iowa City Press-Citizen . Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ Hernández, Alec; Dixon, Matt; Burns, Dasha; Allen, Jonathan (January 21, 2024). "Ron DeSantis suspends his presidential bid and endorses Trump" . NBC News .
^ Holland, Brynn (November 25, 2019). "How the Iowa Caucus Has Shaped the US Presidential Race" . History.com . Archived from the original on March 3, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023 .
^ a b Norwood, Candice (February 6, 2020). "Do Iowa caucus winners become president? History shows mixed results" . PBS NewsHour . Archived from the original on March 3, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023 .
^ Walczak, Dunham, Lee, Richard (February 7, 2000). "Commentary: Zagging Right: Did Bush Lose More Than He Won?" . Bloomberg . Retrieved January 16, 2024 . {{cite web }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )
^ Cohn, Nate (May 5, 2015). "Mike Huckabee and the Continuing Influence of Evangelicals" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Archived from the original on May 6, 2015. Retrieved April 19, 2023 . Most important, evangelicals also represent nearly 60 percent of Iowa caucus goers, which allowed cultural conservatives like Rick Santorum (in 2012) and Mr. Huckabee (in 2008) to carry the state.
^ "Trump and Iowa evangelicals: A bond that is hard to break" . Associated Press News . April 12, 2023. Archived from the original on April 19, 2023. Retrieved April 19, 2023 . Beyond Cruz, former Pennsylvania Sen. Rick Santorum won the 2012 caucuses as a crusading abortion opponent. In 2008, former Arkansas Gov. Mike Huckabee, an ordained Baptist minister, posted a surprise victory by cobbling together a Christian coalition of pastors and religious home-school advocates.
^ "GOP race divides evangelical voters in Iowa" . PBS NewsHour . February 1, 2016. Archived from the original on March 3, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023 .
^ Zitner, Aaron (February 2, 2016). "Ted Cruz's Iowa Win Powered by Evangelicals, Conservatives" . The Wall Street Journal . Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023 .
^ Jacobs, Jennifer (February 1, 2016). "Cruz wins GOP caucuses, beating Trump" . The Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved March 3, 2023 .
^ Yoon, Robert (January 5, 2024). "Feeling caucus confusion? Your guide to how Iowa works" . Associated Press News . Archived from the original on January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 12, 2024 .
^ "Former President Donald Trump announces Iowa campaign staff" . KCCI. February 20, 2023. Archived from the original on March 3, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023 .
^ Vakil, Caroline (March 2, 2023). "Trump heading to Iowa this month to talk education" . The Hill . Archived from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved March 3, 2023 .
^ Murray, Isabella (March 13, 2023). "Trump campaigns in same Iowa city DeSantis visited Friday" . ABC News . Archived from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved March 13, 2023 .
^ Stanage, Niall (May 19, 2023). "Exclusive — Haley to DeSantis: 'Welcome to the race, we've been waiting' " . The Hill . Archived from the original on May 21, 2023. Retrieved May 21, 2023 .
^ Peoples, Steve (November 14, 2023). "Nikki Haley will launch a $10M ad campaign to try to overtake Ron DeSantis in the GOP primary" . Associated Press News . Archived from the original on November 13, 2023. Retrieved November 14, 2023 .
^ Browning, Kellen (December 8, 2023). "In Iowa, Nikki Haley Looks Beyond Her Rivals' Attacks" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on December 21, 2023. Retrieved January 15, 2024 .
^ Bender, Michael C. (March 10, 2023). "A Glimpse of DeSantis in Iowa: Awkward, but Still Winning the Crowd" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Archived from the original on May 19, 2023. Retrieved March 14, 2023 .
^ Garrity, Kelly (July 10, 2023). "Trump swings at Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds" . Politico . Archived from the original on July 11, 2023. Retrieved July 11, 2023 .
^ Sforza, Lauren (November 7, 2023). "Iowa governor officially endorses DeSantis at Des Moines rally" . The Hill . Archived from the original on November 10, 2023. Retrieved November 13, 2023 .
^ "Ron DeSantis to complete tour of Iowa counties as 2024 state caucuses loom" . The Guardian . Associated Press . December 2, 2023. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2023 .
^ Luscombe, Richard (December 9, 2023). "Casey DeSantis encourages Republicans nationwide to vote in Iowa caucus" . The Guardian . Archived from the original on December 17, 2023. Retrieved December 18, 2023 .
^ Kornfield, Meryl. "Asa Hutchinson reminds Iowans who forgot him: 'I'm still running' " . The Washington Post . Archived from the original on January 9, 2024. Retrieved January 10, 2024 .
^ Patel, Ronak (January 8, 2024). "Former AR Gov. Asa Hutchinson will be part of the Iowa Caucus" . Little Rock Public Radio . NPR . Archived from the original on January 10, 2024. Retrieved January 10, 2024 .
^ Sforza, Lauren (November 6, 2023). "Iowa governor officially endorses DeSantis at Des Moines rally" . The Hill . Archived from the original on November 7, 2023. Retrieved November 6, 2023 .
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai Isenstadt, Alex (May 12, 2023). "DeSantis rolls out a major slate of Iowa endorsements" . Politico . Archived from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2023 .
^ Meyer, Kellie (May 12, 2023). "Trump, Desantis to Headline Competing Iowa Events" . NewsNation . Archived from the original on July 15, 2023. Retrieved July 15, 2023 .
^ Korecki, Natasha; Gomez, Henry J. (June 2, 2023). "Porn Stars vs. Parenthood: Ron DeSantis Plays the Family Card Against Trump" . NBC News. Archived from the original on June 2, 2023. Retrieved June 3, 2023 .
^ a b Allison, Natalie (June 5, 2023). "Ramaswamy: 'I don't have a particular personal beef with DeSantis at all' " . Politico . Archived from the original on June 29, 2023. Retrieved August 13, 2023 .
^ a b Gancarski, A.G. (July 15, 2023). "Iowa Senator says he endorsed Ron DeSantis because Donald Trump insulted his Governor" . Florida Politics. Archived from the original on July 16, 2023. Retrieved July 16, 2023 .
^ Hernández, Alec; Tablet, Alex (November 21, 2023). "Ron DeSantis secures endorsement from Iowa evangelical leader Bob Vander Plaats" . Des Moines, Iowa: NBC News . Archived from the original on November 22, 2023. Retrieved November 21, 2023 .
^ a b c d e f Pfannenstiel, Brianne (November 14, 2023). "Nikki Haley unveils dozens of Iowa endorsers after another post-presidential debate boost" . Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved November 14, 2023 .
^ a b Stewart, Scott (January 3, 2024). "Council Bluffs Mayor Matt Walsh endorses Nikki Haley in Republican caucuses" . Daily Nonpareil . Archived from the original on January 6, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024 .
^ Alviz-Gransee, Noelle; Block, Francesca (June 11, 2023). "Nikki Haley's Iowa leadership team boasts Republican strategists and local politicians" . Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved August 13, 2023 .
^ Jones, Megan (January 2, 2024). "Haley garners local Iowa endorsements as campaign focus shifts to January caucus" . ABC4 News . Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024 .
^ Opsahl, Robin (December 8, 2023). "Nikki Haley says she and Trump will run a two-way race after Iowa caucuses" . Iowa Capital Dispatch. Archived from the original on December 9, 2023. Retrieved December 8, 2023 .
^ Harris, Austin (April 21, 2023). "Harris: How to win in Iowa" . The Iowa Torch. Archived from the original on May 29, 2023. Retrieved November 21, 2023 .
^ Tugade, F. Amanda (September 7, 2023). "Nikki Haley had a moment at the first Republican debate. But is she missing her chance in Iowa?" . The Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved September 14, 2023 .
^ Ingels, Chad (December 23, 2023). "Nikki Haley is the right person" . Oelwein Daily Register . Archived from the original on January 2, 2024. Retrieved January 2, 2024 .
^ a b c Fisher, Zach (November 4, 2023). "Nikki Haley lands endorsements from former Iowa lawmakers" . WHO Des Moines . Archived from the original on November 14, 2023. Retrieved November 14, 2023 .
^ "Nevada, IA Mayor Brett Barker Endorses Nikki Haley" . Archived from the original on December 18, 2023. Retrieved December 21, 2023 – via YouTube.
^ Gruber-Miller, Stephen; Pfannenstiel, Brianne (December 9, 2023). " 'You won't get chaos with me,' Nikki Haley tells Iowans in post-debate campaign visit" . Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved December 9, 2023 .
^ "Editorial: Caucus for Hutchinson - Storm Lake Times Pilot" . January 10, 2024. Archived from the original on January 14, 2024. Retrieved January 15, 2024 .
^ Wren, Adam (January 2, 2024). "Former Iowa Rep. Steve King endorses Vivek Ramaswamy for president" . Politico . Archived from the original on January 4, 2024. Retrieved January 6, 2024 .
^ Vakil, Caroline (August 21, 2023). "Iowa Treasurer Endorses Ramaswamy in GOP Primary" . The Hill . Archived from the original on August 21, 2023. Retrieved August 21, 2023 .
^ a b Murray, Isabella. "Trump to campaign in same Iowa city DeSantis visited Friday" . ABC News . Archived from the original on March 15, 2023. Retrieved March 15, 2023 .
^ "Which 2024 Republican Presidential Candidate Has The Most Endorsements?" . FiveThirtyEight . April 24, 2023. Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 25, 2023 .
^ a b c d e f "President Trump Announces Support from Over 150 Elected and Grassroots Leaders Across All 99 Counties in Iowa" . donaldjtrump.com . Archived from the original on May 15, 2023. Retrieved May 15, 2023 .
^ a b c d e f g h King, Ryan (March 13, 2023). "Trump campaign rolls out Iowa endorsements ahead of visit to early 2024 battleground" . Washington Examiner . Archived from the original on March 14, 2023. Retrieved March 15, 2023 .
^ a b Jacobs, Jennifer (March 11, 2023). "DeSantis Eyes Hiring Iowa Staff in Step Toward Possible 2024 Bid" . Bloomberg L.P. Archived from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved March 15, 2023 .
^ Gancarski, A.G. (May 12, 2023). "Ron DeSantis, Donald Trump schedule dueling Iowa stops" . Florida Politics . Archived from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved May 12, 2023 .
^ McCullough, Caleb (February 20, 2023). "Former President Donald Trump names Iowa campaign leaders" . Sioux City Journal . Archived from the original on February 28, 2023. Retrieved March 15, 2023 .
^ Lundgren, Shannon (May 30, 2023). "Opinion: Trump showed that he can capably lead America and protect the unborn" . Des Moines Register . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved May 30, 2023 .
^ Jenkins, Mike (July 7, 2023). "Trump Launches 'Farmers For Trump' Coalition In Iowa" . Tampa Free Press . Archived from the original on July 7, 2023. Retrieved July 7, 2023 .
^ Watson, Sarah (September 21, 2023). "In Jackson County, Trump urges supporters to caucus" . Quad-City Times . Archived from the original on September 25, 2023. Retrieved September 24, 2023 .
^ "Watch live: Trump delivers remarks in Iowa" . The Hill . October 7, 2023. Archived from the original on October 7, 2023. Retrieved October 7, 2023 .
^ Isenstadt, Alex (January 12, 2023). "Trump prepares to open next phase of 2024 campaign in South Carolina" . Politico . Archived from the original on January 16, 2023. Retrieved March 15, 2023 .
^ Goldmacher, Shane; Swan, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie (July 8, 2023). "Trump and DeSantis Are Battling for Iowa Voters. And for Its Governor, Too" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on July 20, 2023. Retrieved July 20, 2023 .
^ "Grassley unlikely to issue 2024 presidential endorsement" . qctimes.com . December 15, 2022. Archived from the original on December 2, 2023. Retrieved December 2, 2023 .
^ Ferris, Sarah; Mutnick, Ally; Everett, Burgess (April 18, 2023). "DeSantis gets warm words at GOP Hill event, but few endorsements" . Politico . Archived from the original on April 25, 2023. Retrieved April 26, 2023 . "I'm not endorsing anybody. I just think it's always good to see who's out there," Rep. Randy Feenstra (R-Iowa) said
^ "Campaign Almanac: More GOP presidential candidates added to Ashley Hinson's BBQ Bash" . thegazette.com . Archived from the original on July 20, 2023. Retrieved July 20, 2023 .
^ Beaumont, Thomas (July 16, 2023). "DeSantis would consider Iowa's Reynolds as running mate, calls Trump's attack of her 'out of hand' " . Stamford Advocate . Archived from the original on July 21, 2023. Retrieved July 21, 2023 .
^ "Editorial: Quad-City Times won't endorse prior to Iowa caucuses" . Quad-City Times . January 7, 2024. Archived from the original on January 7, 2024. Retrieved January 7, 2024 .
^ 270toWin
^ FiveThirtyEight
^ RealClearPolling
^ Trafalgar Group
^ Selzer & Co.
^ Insider Advantage
^ Suffolk University
^ Civiqs
^ InsiderAdvantage
^ Fox Business
^ Emerson College
^ Iowa State University/Civiqs
^ Selzer & Co.
^ Trafalgar Group
^ a b Morning Consult
^ Iowa State University/Civiqs
^ Arc Insights
^ a b Fabrizio, Lee & Associates
^ Trafalgar Group (R)
^ Public Opinion Strategies
^ Selzer & Co.
^ Iowa State University/Civiqs
^ a b c d e f g h i j Morning Consult
^ CBS News/YouGov
^ Public Opinion Strategies
^ Fabrizio, Lee & Associates
^ Trafalgar Group (R)
^ Fox Business
^ Emerson College
^ Civiqs
^ Public Opinion Strategies
^ Fabrizio, Lee & Associates
^ a b Public Opinion Strategies
^ HarrisX
^ Echelon Insights
^ Selzer & Co.
^ The Trafalgar Group (R)
^ New York Times/Siena College
^ Manhattan Institute
^ National Research
^ Fox Business
^ co/efficient
^ National Research
^ McLaughlin & Associates
^ National Research
^ Victory Insights
^ WPA Intelligence
^ McLaughlin & Associates
^ Emerson College
^ National Research
^ McLaughlin & Associates
^ Victory Insights
^ Cygnal
^ J.L. Partners
^ a b WPA Intelligence
^ Neighborhood Research and Media
^ Victory Insights
^ "Trump wins Iowa" . The Wall Street Journal . January 15, 2024. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ a b "Iowa Caucus 2024 Live Election Results" . NBC News. Archived from the original on January 15, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ "Trump's sweep denied ... for now" . POLITICO . January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 29, 2024 .
^ Yilek, Caitlin (January 15, 2024). "DeSantis takes second place over Haley in Iowa caucuses, vowing to remain in 2024 race" . CBS News. Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ Leonard, Kimberly (January 15, 2024). "DeSantis ekes out second-place finish in Iowa" . Politico . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 16, 2024 .
^ Weisman, Jonathan (January 15, 2024). "Vivek Ramaswamy, Wealthy Political Novice Who Aligned With Trump, Quits Campaign" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on January 16, 2024. Retrieved January 15, 2024 .
^ Mastrangelo, Domininick (January 17, 2024). "Media outlets defend early race call for Trump in Iowa" . The Hill . Archived from the original on January 17, 2024. Retrieved January 17, 2024 .
^ Vakil, Caroline (January 16, 2024). "5 takeaways from the Iowa GOP caucuses" . The Hill . Retrieved January 26, 2024 .
^ "Iowa Republican Presidential Nominating Process" . The Green Papers .
January February March
April May June