Overview of the events of 1994 in archaeology
The year 1994 in archaeology involved some significant events.
Excavations
Publications
Alan K. Bowman – Life and Letters on the Roman Frontier: Vindolanda and its People (British Museum ).
Marc Bermann – Lukurmata: Household Archaeology in Prehispanic Bolivia (Princeton University Press).
Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza , Paolo Menozzi and Alberto Piazza – The History and Geography of Human Genes (Princeton University Press).
Gillian Hutchinson – Medieval Ships and Shipping (Leicester University Press).
Naomi F. Miller and Kathryn L. Gleason (ed.) – The Archaeology of Garden and Field (University of Pennsylvania Press).
John Schofield and Alan Vince – Medieval Towns (Leicester University Press).
Finds
26 June – British submarine HMS Vandal , lost on sea trials in 1943,[ 2] is rediscovered in the Sound of Bute off the west coast of Scotland.[ 3]
Late – Marine archaeologists led by Jean-Yves Empereur find remains of the Lighthouse of Alexandria in Egypt .[ 4]
December
Spotted horses and human hands, Pech Merle cave, Dordogne , France (painted c. 16000 BC).
Wall painting with horses, rhinoceroses and aurochs , Chauvet Cave , Vallon-Pont-d'Arc , Ardèche Gorges , France (made c. 25,000–17,000 BC).
Kafkania pebble .
Moroccan gold coins and jewellery discovered at Salcombe Cannon Wreck site off the coast of south-west England.
Diver Colin Martin discovers the wreck of the Hanover (built 1757) off the coast of Cornwall .
Sannai-Maruyama Site discovered at Aomori , northern Honshu , Japan (mainly of Jōmon period ).
Recovery of Homo antecessor skeletal remains from the Trinchera Dolina at the archaeological site of Atapuerca in northern Spain begins; these are the oldest known hominid fossils found in western Europe (between 850,000 and 780,000 years old).
'Ardi ', the fossilized skeletal remains of a female Ardipithecus ramidus , discovered at Aramis, Ethiopia , in the Afar Depression , the oldest known hominid fossil (4.4 million years old).
First of the Schöningen spears .[ 5]
Other events
Deaths
References
^ Woodard, Colin (August 15, 2007). "Popham, Maine's 'lost' colony, to get its modest due" . The Christian Science Monitor . Retrieved April 12, 2023.
^ MacKinnon, Angus (2010). "The Loss of HM Submarine Vandal (P64) off the Isle of Arran in 1943" . ClydeMaritime . Retrieved 24 February 2018 .
^ "HMS/M Vandal : Inchmarnock Water, Sound of Bute, Firth of Clyde" . Canmore . Edinburgh: Historic Environment Scotland . 2011. Retrieved 24 February 2018 .
^ "Treasures of the Sunken City" . Nova . November 1997. Retrieved 12 January 2012 .
^ Conard, Nicholas J.; Serangeli, Jordi; Bigga, Gerlinde; Rots, Veerle (May 2020). "A 300,000-year-old throwing stick from Schöningen, northern Germany, documents the evolution of human hunting" . Nature Ecology & Evolution . 4 (5): 690–693. Bibcode :2020NatEE...4..690C . doi :10.1038/s41559-020-1139-0 . ISSN 2397-334X . PMID 32313174 . S2CID 216033478 .
^ "ASPRO: Atlas des Sites du Proche-Orient" . Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean Pouilloux. 11 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2020 .
^ Ogilvie, Marilyn ; Harvey, Joy (2003). The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: Pioneering Lives From Ancient Times to the Mid-20th Century . Routledge. ISBN 9781135963422 .
^ "Obituary: Professor Richard Atkinson" . The Independent . 17 October 1994. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 30 May 2017 .