June - After the signing of the Treaty of Madrid, in which Great Britain agrees to cease its privateering activities against Spain, ending British support for buccaneering raids against the Spanish. Local colonial governors such as Thomas Modyford of Jamaica reluctantly cease issuing "letters of marque".[2]
December - Henry Morgan's Panama expedition. In spite of a direct order from Thomas Modyford not to engage in hostilities against the Spanish, Captain Henry Morgan begins organizing a group of English and French buccaneers to raid the Spanish stronghold of Panama City. His fleet, which included 1,800 men, sailed from Port Royal [3] as an advance force captured Fort San Lorenzo guarded the Chagres River. Travelling up the river by canoe, Morgan and his 1,200 men crossed the isthmus of Panama to attack Panama City within several weeks.[4]
^Nothcroft, G.J.H. Sketches of Summerland: Giving Some Account of Nassau and the Bahama. Nassau: Nassau Guardian, 1902. (pg. 276)
^Konstam, Angus. Pirates: Predators of the Seas. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2007. (pg. 71) ISBN1-60239-035-5
^Lane, Kris E. Pillaging the Empire: Piracy in the Americas - 1500-1750. London: M.E. Sharp, 1998. (pg. 117) ISBN0-7656-0256-3
^Katzman, Patricia. Panama Adventure Guide. Edison, New Jersey: Hunter Publishing, 2004. (pg. 52) ISBN1-58843-368-4
^Rogozinski, Jan. Pirates!: Brigands, Buccaneers, and Privateers in Fact, Fiction, and Legend. New York: Da Capo Press, 1996. (pg. 291) ISBN0-306-80722-X
