Álava (Congress of Deputies constituency)

For the Basque Parliament constituency, see Álava (Basque Parliament constituency). For the Senate constituency, see Álava (Senate constituency).
Álava
Congress of Deputies
Electoral constituency
Location of Álava within Spain
ProvinceÁlava
Autonomous communityBasque Country
PopulationGreen arrow up339,137 (2024)[1]
ElectorateGreen arrow up260,214 (2023)
Major settlementsVitoria-Gasteiz
Current constituency
Created1977
Seats4
Member(s)
  •   PSOE (1)
  •   EH Bildu (1)
  •   PP (1)
  •   PNV (1)

Álava (Basque: Araba) is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects four deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Álava. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Political Reform Act 1977 and was first contested in the 1977 general election. The Act provided for the provinces of Spain to be established as multi-member districts in the Congress of Deputies,[2] with this regulation being maintained under the Spanish Constitution of 1978.[3] Additionally, the Constitution requires for any modification of the provincial limits to be approved under an organic law, needing an absolute majority in the Cortes Generales.[4]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over 18 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political rights.[5] The only exception was in 1977, when this was limited to nationals over 21 years of age and in full enjoyment of their political and civil rights.[6][7] Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Spaniards abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado),[8][9] which was abolished in 2022.[10] 348 seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with an electoral threshold of three percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots—being applied in each constituency. Each provincial constituency is entitled to an initial minimum of two seats, with the remaining 248 being distributed in proportion to their populations. Ceuta and Melilla are allocated the two remaining seats, which are elected using plurality voting.[2][3][11][12] The use of the electoral method may result in an effective threshold based on the district magnitude and the distribution of votes among candidacies.[13]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one permille of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates. Also since 2011, parties, federations or coalitions that have not obtained a mandate in either chamber of the Cortes at the preceding election are required to secure the signature of at least 0.1 percent of electors in the aforementioned constituencies.[14][15]

Deputies

Deputies 1977–present
Key to parties
  Amaiur
  EHB[a]
  EHB[b]
  UP
  Pod.
  PSOE
  PNV
  UCD
  PP
  CP
  AP
Legislature Election Distribution
Constituent 1977
1 1 2
1st 1979
1 1 2
2nd 1982
2 1 1
3rd 1986
2 1 1
4th 1989
2 1 1
5th 1993
2 1 1
6th 1996
1 1 2
7th 2000
1 1 2
8th 2004
2 1 1
9th 2008
2 1 1
10th 2011
1 1 1 1
11th 2015
1 1 1 1
12th 2016
1 1 1 1
13th 2019 (Apr)
1 1 1 1
14th 2019 (Nov)
1 1 1 1
15th 2023
1 1 1 1

Elections

2023 general election

Summary of the 23 July 2023 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 46,775 27.66 +5.72 1 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 32,987 19.51 +3.44 1 ±0
People's Party (PP) 30,212 17.87 +2.94 1 +1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 28,075 16.60 –6.97 1 ±0
Unite (Sumar)1 21,561 12.75 –3.75 0 –1
Vox (Vox) 6,573 3.89 +0.13 0 ±0
Animalist Party with the Environment (PACMA)2 773 0.46 –0.21 0 ±0
Blank Seats to Leave Empty Seats (EB) 619 0.37 New 0 ±0
Workers' Front (FO) 354 0.21 New 0 ±0
Zero Cuts (Recortes Cero) 185 0.11 –0.13 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 165 0.10 –0.03 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 106 0.06 –0.13 0 ±0
Blank ballots 722 0.43 –0.10
Total 169,107 4 ±0
Valid votes 169,107 99.16 –0.06
Invalid votes 1,431 0.84 +0.06
Votes cast / turnout 170,538 65.54 –1.08
Abstentions 89,676 34.46 +1.08
Registered voters 260,214
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

November 2019 general election

Summary of the 10 November 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 40,262 23.57 +0.85 1 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 37,488 21.94 –0.46 1 ±0
United We Can (Podemos–IU) 28,186 16.50 –1.24 1 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 27,453 16.07 +2.12 1 ±0
People's Party (PP) 25,506 14.93 +1.18 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 6,421 3.76 +0.60 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 2,526 1.48 –2.51 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,152 0.67 –0.38 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 409 0.24 –0.06 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 326 0.19 ±0.00 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 215 0.13 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots 911 0.53 –0.08
Total 170,855 4 ±0
Valid votes 170,855 99.22 +0.24
Invalid votes 1,344 0.78 –0.24
Votes cast / turnout 172,199 66.62 –2.89
Abstentions 86,296 33.38 +2.89
Registered voters 258,495
Sources[16]

April 2019 general election

Summary of the 28 April 2019 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 40,300 22.72 +6.79 1 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 39,722 22.40 +6.66 1 ±0
United We Can (Podemos–IU–Equo Berdeak) 31,469 17.74 –13.18 1 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 24,747 13.95 +4.49 1 +1
People's Party (PP) 24,385 13.75 –6.70 0 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs) 7,082 3.99 –1.00 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 5,608 3.16 +2.98 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,869 1.05 +0.06 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 536 0.30 –0.06 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 338 0.19 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Workers of the Basque Country (PCTE/ELAK) 235 0.13 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,075 0.61 –0.03
Total 177,366 4 ±0
Valid votes 177,366 98.98 –0.02
Invalid votes 1,820 1.02 +0.02
Votes cast / turnout 179,186 69.51 +3.00
Abstentions 78,611 30.49 –3.00
Registered voters 257,797
Sources[16]

2016 general election

Summary of the 26 June 2016 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
United We Can (Podemos/Ahal Dugu–IU–Equo)1 51,827 30.92 +0.10 1 ±0
People's Party (PP) 34,276 20.45 +1.65 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 26,703 15.93 +0.11 1 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 26,381 15.74 +1.60 1 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu) 15,858 9.46 –2.39 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 8,372 4.99 –0.88 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,657 0.99 +0.22 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 599 0.36 +0.05 0 ±0
Vox (Vox) 306 0.18 New 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 298 0.18 –0.25 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 211 0.13 +0.03 0 ±0
Navarrese Freedom (Ln) 74 0.04 –0.01 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,078 0.64 –0.08
Total 167,640 4 ±0
Valid votes 167,640 99.00 –0.03
Invalid votes 1,691 1.00 +0.03
Votes cast / turnout 169,331 66.51 –4.64
Abstentions 85,248 33.49 +4.64
Registered voters 254,579
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

2015 general election

Summary of the 20 December 2015 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
We Can (Podemos/Ahal Dugu) 48,413 27.02 New 1 +1
People's Party (PP) 33,683 18.80 –8.37 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 28,353 15.82 –3.03 1 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 25,331 14.14 –9.29 1 ±0
Basque Country Gather (EH Bildu)1 21,225 11.85 –7.30 0 –1
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 10,512 5.87 New 0 ±0
United Left–Popular Unity in Common (IU–UPeC) 6,814 3.80 –0.28 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,385 0.77 +0.07 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 768 0.43 –2.32 0 ±0
Zero Cuts–Green Group (Recortes Cero–GV) 561 0.31 New 0 ±0
Blank Seats (EB/AZ) 473 0.26 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 175 0.10 New 0 ±0
Welcome (Ongi Etorri) 110 0.06 New 0 ±0
Navarrese Freedom (Ln) 82 0.05 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,292 0.72 –0.42
Total 179,177 4 ±0
Valid votes 179,177 99.03 +0.62
Invalid votes 1,764 0.97 –0.62
Votes cast / turnout 180,941 71.15 +2.49
Abstentions 73,386 28.85 –2.49
Registered voters 254,327
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

2011 general election

Summary of the 20 November 2011 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 46,034 27.17 +0.63 1 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 39,698 23.43 –17.30 1 –1
Amaiur (Amaiur)1 32,439 19.15 +14.33 1 +1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 31,931 18.85 +1.10 1 ±0
United Left–The Greens: Plural Left (IU–LV) 6,917 4.08 –0.09 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 4,662 2.75 +0.73 0 ±0
Equo (Equo) 3,574 2.11 New 0 ±0
Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 1,178 0.70 +0.23 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 778 0.46 +0.07 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 290 0.17 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,924 1.14 –0.38
Total 169,425 4 ±0
Valid votes 169,425 98.41 –0.40
Invalid votes 2,729 1.59 +0.40
Votes cast / turnout 172,154 68.66 –0.97
Abstentions 78,589 31.34 +0.97
Registered voters 250,743
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

2008 general election

Summary of the 9 March 2008 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 69,479 40.73 +9.94 2 ±0
People's Party (PP) 45,276 26.54 –0.33 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 31,983 18.75 –7.08 1 ±0
United Left–Greens–Alternative (EB–B) 7,120 4.17 –3.61 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity (EA) 5,311 3.11 –1.19 0 ±0
Aralar (Aralar) 2,917 1.71 –0.16 0 ±0
Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) 2,019 1.18 New 0 ±0
The Greens (B/LV) 1,080 0.63 New 0 ±0
Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA) 805 0.47 New 0 ±0
For a Fairer World (PUM+J) 662 0.39 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 327 0.19 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain–Basque Communists (PCPE–EK) 254 0.15 New 0 ±0
Engine and Sports Alternative (AMD) 215 0.13 New 0 ±0
Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's) 161 0.09 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 159 0.09 –0.47 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 63 0.04 –0.02 0 ±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC) 58 0.03 –0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 57 0.03 –0.01 0 ±0
Spanish Alternative (AES) 29 0.02 New 0 ±0
National Alliance (AN) 26 0.02 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,588 1.52 +0.08
Total 170,589 4 ±0
Valid votes 170,589 98.81 +3.37
Invalid votes 2,055 1.19 –3.37
Votes cast / turnout 172,644 69.63 –7.60
Abstentions 75,286 30.37 +7.60
Registered voters 247,930
Sources[16]

2004 general election

Summary of the 14 March 2004 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 56,137 30.79 +6.49 2 +1
People's Party (PP) 48,992 26.87 –12.23 1 –1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 47,090 25.83 +5.09 1 ±0
United Left (EB/IU) 14,181 7.78 +2.17 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity (EA) 7,838 4.30 –0.41 0 ±0
Aralar–Stand up (Aralar–Zutik) 3,417 1.87 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 1,021 0.56 +0.19 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 360 0.20 +0.08 0 ±0
Republican Left (IR) 281 0.15 New 0 ±0
National Democracy (DN) 110 0.06 New 0 ±0
Republican Social Movement (MSR) 103 0.06 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 71 0.04 New 0 ±0
Carlist Party of the Basque Country–Carlist Party (EKA–PC) 64 0.04 New 0 ±0
The Phalanx (FE) 49 0.03 –0.02 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,626 1.44 –1.61
Total 182,340 4 ±0
Valid votes 182,340 95.44 –3.21
Invalid votes 8,709 4.56 +3.21
Votes cast / turnout 191,049 77.23 +6.95
Abstentions 56,328 22.77 –6.95
Registered voters 247,377
Sources[16]

2000 general election

Summary of the 12 March 2000 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 66,267 39.10 +11.79 2 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 41,182 24.30 –1.12 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 35,155 20.74 +0.58 1 ±0
United Left (EB/IU) 9,509 5.61 –6.06 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity (EA) 7,985 4.71 –0.88 0 ±0
The Greens (B/LV) 1,880 1.11 +0.65 0 ±0
Natural Law Party (PLN) 705 0.42 New 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 624 0.37 +0.26 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 372 0.22 New 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre–Centrist Union (CDS–UC) 206 0.12 –0.01 0 ±0
Republican Action (AR) 170 0.10 New 0 ±0
Spain 2000 Platform (ES2000) 116 0.07 New 0 ±0
The Phalanx (FE) 89 0.05 New 0 ±0
Internationalist Struggle (LI (LIT–CI)) 65 0.04 New 0 ±0
Basque Citizens (EH)1 0 0.00 –7.50 0 ±0
Blank ballots 5,163 3.05 +1.56
Total 169,488 4 ±0
Valid votes 169,488 98.65 –0.49
Invalid votes 2,320 1.35 +0.49
Votes cast / turnout 171,808 70.28 –2.02
Abstentions 72,669 29.72 +2.02
Registered voters 244,477
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1996 general election

Summary of the 3 March 1996 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
People's Party (PP) 45,731 27.31 +7.75 2 +1
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE)) 42,561 25.42 –0.66 1 –1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 33,761 20.16 +3.36 1 ±0
United Left (IU/EB) 19,535 11.67 +4.81 0 ±0
Popular Unity (HB) 12,552 7.50 –1.88 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity (EA) 9,364 5.59 –0.18 0 ±0
European Greens–Basque Country Greens (VE–EHB) 774 0.46 –0.67 0 ±0
Workers' Revolutionary Party (PRT) 255 0.15 New 0 ±0
Centrist Union (UC) 213 0.13 –1.03 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 190 0.11 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR) 0 0.00 –0.07 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,490 1.49 +0.07
Total 167,426 4 ±0
Valid votes 167,426 99.14 –0.10
Invalid votes 1,458 0.86 +0.10
Votes cast / turnout 168,884 72.30 +1.23
Abstentions 64,688 27.70 –1.23
Registered voters 233,572
Sources[16]

1993 general election

Summary of the 6 June 1993 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Left (PSE–EE (PSOE))1 40,860 26.08 –8.45 2 ±0
People's Party (PP) 30,652 19.56 +5.47 1 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 26,321 16.80 –0.06 1 ±0
Alavese Unity (UA) 16,623 10.61 New 0 ±0
Popular Unity (HB) 14,702 9.38 –2.24 0 ±0
United Left (IU/EB) 10,748 6.86 +3.80 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity–Basque Left (EA–EuE) 9,036 5.77 –2.71 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 1,818 1.16 –5.53 0 ±0
The Greens (Berdeak/LV) 1,775 1.13 +0.45 0 ±0
The Ecologists (LE) 1,084 0.69 ±0.00 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group–European Democratic Alliance (ARM–ADE) 392 0.25 –1.08 0 ±0
Natural Law Party (PLN) 204 0.13 New 0 ±0
Coalition for a New Socialist Party (CNPS)2 127 0.08 –0.01 0 ±0
Revolutionary Workers' Party (POR) 111 0.07 –0.03 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 2,223 1.42 +0.65
Total 156,676 4 ±0
Valid votes 156,676 99.24 +0.25
Invalid votes 1,203 0.76 –0.25
Votes cast / turnout 157,879 71.07 +4.37
Abstentions 64,273 28.93 –4.37
Registered voters 222,152
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1989 general election

Summary of the 29 October 1989 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 35,723 25.92 –7.22 2 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 23,247 16.86 –2.20 1 ±0
People's Party (PP)1 19,427 14.09 –1.73 1 ±0
Popular Unity (HB) 16,015 11.62 –0.42 0 ±0
Basque Country Left (EE) 11,873 8.61 +0.50 0 ±0
Basque Solidarity (EA) 11,689 8.48 New 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 9,228 6.69 –2.06 0 ±0
United Left (IU/EB) 4,219 3.06 +2.21 0 ±0
Ruiz-Mateos Group (Ruiz-Mateos) 1,838 1.33 New 0 ±0
The Ecologist Greens (LVE) 953 0.69 New 0 ±0
Ecologist Party of the Basque Country–Green List (PEE–(LV)) 931 0.68 New 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 589 0.43 +0.04 0 ±0
Workers' Party of the Basque Country–Basque Country Workers (PTE–EL)2 397 0.29 –0.31 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) 186 0.13 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Workers' Party of Spain (PORE) 136 0.10 New 0 ±0
Alliance for the Republic (AxR)3 120 0.09 –0.04 0 ±0
Humanist Party (PH) 120 0.09 New 0 ±0
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS) 96 0.07 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League–Communist Movement (LKI–EMK)4 0 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Blank ballots 1,059 0.77 +0.05
Total 137,846 4 ±0
Valid votes 137,846 98.99 +0.80
Invalid votes 1,400 1.01 –0.80
Votes cast / turnout 139,246 66.70 +3.22
Abstentions 69,528 33.30 –3.22
Registered voters 208,774
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1986 general election

Summary of the 22 June 1986 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 45,259 33.14 –2.19 2 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 26,030 19.06 –2.89 1 ±0
People's Coalition (AP–PDP–PL)1 21,600 15.82 –3.31 1 ±0
Popular Unity (HB) 16,440 12.04 +2.10 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 11,951 8.75 +4.92 0 ±0
Basque Country Left (EE) 11,081 8.11 +1.15 0 ±0
United Left (IU) 1,162 0.85 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 814 0.60 –0.48 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 533 0.39 –0.19 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 333 0.24 +0.11 0 ±0
Republican Popular Unity (UPR)2 193 0.14 +0.05 0 ±0
Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) 180 0.13 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LKI) 0 0.00 ±0.00 0 ±0
Communist Movement of the Basque Country (EMK) 0 0.00 –0.02 0 ±0
Party of the Communists of Catalonia (PCC) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 986 0.72 +0.15
Total 136,562 4 ±0
Valid votes 136,562 98.19 +0.58
Invalid votes 2,522 1.81 –0.58
Votes cast / turnout 139,084 69.92 –11.91
Abstentions 59,840 30.08 +11.91
Registered voters 198,924
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1982 general election

Summary of the 28 October 1982 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 51,674 35.33 +13.98 2 +1
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 32,103 21.95 –0.97 1 ±0
Democratic Coalition (AP–PDP–PDL–UCD)1 27,974 19.13 –12.46 1 –1
Popular Unity (HB) 14,540 9.94 ±0.00 0 ±0
Basque Country Left–Left for Socialism (EE) 10,180 6.96 +2.29 0 ±0
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS) 5,604 3.83 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 1,573 1.08 –2.25 0 ±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST) 854 0.58 New 0 ±0
New Force (FN)2 314 0.21 –0.70 0 ±0
Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) 191 0.13 New 0 ±0
Communist Unity Candidacy (CUC)3 140 0.10 +0.09 0 ±0
Communist Party of Spain (Marxist–Leninist) (PCE (m–l)) 138 0.09 New 0 ±0
Spanish Solidarity (SE) 132 0.09 New 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LKI) 0 0.00 –0.52 0 ±0
Communist League–Internationalist Socialist Workers' Coalition (LC (COSI)) 0 0.00 New 0 ±0
Communist Movement of the Basque Country (EMK) 0 0.00 –1.07 0 ±0
Socialist Party (PS)4 0 0.00 –0.59 0 ±0
Blank ballots 834 0.57 +0.16
Total 146,251 4 ±0
Valid votes 146,251 97.61 +0.35
Invalid votes 3,583 2.39 –0.35
Votes cast / turnout 149,834 81.83 +12.98
Abstentions 33,275 18.17 –12.98
Registered voters 183,109
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1979 general election

Summary of the 1 March 1979 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 29,625 25.41 –5.45 2 ±0
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 26,722 22.92 +5.44 1 ±0
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE)1 24,891 21.35 –7.57 1 ±0
Popular Unity (HB)2 11,594 9.94 +7.72 0 ±0
Foral Union of the Basque Country (UFPV)3 7,205 6.18 –0.20 0 ±0
Basque Country Left (EE) 5,442 4.67 New 0 ±0
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 3,877 3.33 +0.19 0 ±0
Communist Movement–Organization of Communist Left (MC–OIC) 1,246 1.07 New 0 ±0
Workers' Revolutionary Organization (ORT) 1,218 1.04 New 0 ±0
National Union (UN) 1,061 0.91 New 0 ±0
Carlist Party (PC) 972 0.83 New 0 ±0
Party of Labour of Spain (PTE)4 777 0.67 +0.03 0 ±0
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (historical) (PSOEh)5 683 0.59 –2.09 0 ±0
Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) 601 0.52 New 0 ±0
Proverist Party (PPr) 199 0.17 +0.03 0 ±0
Workers' Communist Party (PCT) 7 0.01 New 0 ±0
Blank ballots 481 0.41 +0.21
Total 116,601 4 ±0
Valid votes 116,601 97.26 –0.57
Invalid votes 3,291 2.74 +0.57
Votes cast / turnout 119,892 68.85 –14.09
Abstentions 54,253 31.15 +14.09
Registered voters 174,145
Sources[16]
Footnotes:

1977 general election

Summary of the 15 June 1977 Congress of Deputies election results in Álava
Parties and alliances Popular vote Seats
Votes % ±pp Total +/−
Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD) 38,338 30.86 n/a 2 n/a
Socialist Party of the Basque Country (PSE–PSOE) 34,244 27.57 n/a 1 n/a
Basque Nationalist Party (EAJ/PNV) 21,708 17.48 n/a 1 n/a
People's Alliance (AP) 7,927 6.38 n/a 0 n/a
Communist Party of the Basque Country (PCE/EPK) 3,906 3.14 n/a 0 n/a
Basque Christian Democracy (DCV) 3,439 2.77 n/a 0 n/a
Democratic Socialist Alliance (ASDCI) 3,324 2.68 n/a 0 n/a
Basque Socialist Party (ESB/PSV) 2,756 2.22 n/a 0 n/a
Independent (INDEP) 2,622 2.11 n/a 0 n/a
Independent (INDEP) 2,347 1.89 n/a 0 n/a
People's Socialist Party–Socialist Unity (PSP–US) 1,677 1.35 n/a 0 n/a
Democratic Left Front (FDI) 791 0.64 n/a 0 n/a
Independent (INDEP) 492 0.40 n/a 0 n/a
Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (Authentic) (FE–JONS(A)) 216 0.17 n/a 0 n/a
Proverist Party (PPr) 180 0.14 n/a 0 n/a
Blank ballots 245 0.20 n/a
Total 124,212 4 n/a
Valid votes 124,212 97.83 n/a
Invalid votes 2,756 2.17 n/a
Votes cast / turnout 126,968 82.94 n/a
Abstentions 26,112 17.06 n/a
Registered voters 153,080
Sources[16]

Notes

  1. ^ From 2023.
  2. ^ Until 2023.

References

  1. ^ "Real Decreto 1210/2024, de 28 de noviembre, por el que se declaran oficiales las cifras de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal referidas al 1 de enero de 2024". Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 December 2024.
  2. ^ a b Law 1/1977 (1977), trans. prov. 1.
  3. ^ a b Const. Esp. (1978), tit. III, ch. I, art. 68.
  4. ^ Const. Esp. (1978), tit. VIII, ch. II, art. 141.
  5. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. I, art. 2.
  6. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. I, art. 2.
  7. ^ Carreras de Odriozola & Tafunell Sambola 2005, p. 1077.
  8. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 75.
  9. ^ Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
  10. ^ Araque Conde, Pilar (8 June 2022). "El Congreso acaba con el voto rogado: diez años de trabas burocráticas para los residentes en el extranjero". Público (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  11. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. II, ch. II, art. 19–20.
  12. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. II, ch. III, art. 162–164.
  13. ^ Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  14. ^ RDL 20/1977 (1977), tit. IV, art. 30–31 & 34.
  15. ^ LOREG (1985), tit. I, ch. VI, art. 44 & tit. II, ch. V, art. 169.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Elecciones celebradas. Resultados electorales". Ministry of the Interior (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 December 2024.

Bibliography

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