Orang Parni

Prajurit Parthia

Parni (/ˈpɑːrn/; bahasa Yunani Kuno: Πάρνοι, Parnoi) atau Aparni (/əˈpɑːrn/; Ἄπαρνοι, Aparnoi) adalah sebuah suku bangsa Iran Timur[1][2] yang tinggal di sekitaran Sungai Ochus[2][3][4] (bahasa Yunani Kuno: Ὧχος Okhos) (Tejen), tenggara Laut Kaspia. Suku tersebut meyakini bahwa wilayah asal mereka adalah selatan Rusia dimana mereka berimigrasi dengan suku-suku Skitia lainnya.[2] Parni adalah salah satu dari tiga suku dari konfederasi Dahae.

Referensi

  1. ^ Encyclopedia Iranica : "APARNA (Gk. Aparnoi/Parnoi, Lat. Aparni or Parni), an east Iranian tribe established on the Ochos (modern Taǰen, Teǰend) and one of the three tribes in the confederation of the Dahae
  2. ^ a b c Lecoq 1987, hlm. 151.
  3. ^ Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Stewart, Sarah (2010-03-24). The Age of the Parthians. ISBN 9780857733085. 
  4. ^ Curtis 2007, hlm. 7.

Sumber

  • Bickerman, Elias J. (1983), "The Seleucid Period", dalam Yarshater, Ehsan, Cambridge History of Iran, 3.1, London: Cambridge UP, hlm. 3–20 
  • Bivar, A.D.H. (1983), "The Political History of Iran under the Arsacids", dalam Yarshater, Ehsan, Cambridge History of Iran, 3.1, London: Cambridge UP, hlm. 21–99 
  • Bivar, A.D.H. (2003), "Gorgan v.: Pre-Islamic History", Encyclopaedia Iranica, 11, New York: Encyclopaedia Iranica] 
  • Curtis, Vesta Sarkhosh; Stewart, Sarah, ed. (2007), The Age of the Parthians, Ideas of Iran, vol. 2, London: I. B. Tauris 
  • de Blois, Lukas; van der Spek, Robartus J. (1997), An Introduction to the Ancient World, New York: Routledge, ISBN 0-415-12774-2 .
  • Lecoq, Pierre (1987), "Aparna", Encyclopaedia Iranica, 2, New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul  Hapus pranala luar di parameter |chapter= (bantuan)
  • Lendering, Jona (2006), The Parni, Amsterdam: livius.org, diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-07-31, diakses tanggal 2020-05-03 
  • Lukonin, Vladimir G. (1983), "Political, Social and Administrative Institutions", dalam Yarshater, Ehsan, Cambridge History of Iran, 3.2, London: Cambridge UP, hlm. 681–747 
  • Rawlinson, Henry C. (1879), "The Road to Merv", Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society and Monthly Record of Geography, New Monthly Series, 1 (3): 161–191, doi:10.2307/1800653, JSTOR 1800653 
  • Yarshater, Ehsan (2006), "Iran ii. Iranian History: An Overview", Encyclopaedia Iranica, 13, New York: Encyclopaedia Iranica 

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