Empati buatan

Empati buatan atau empati komputasional adalah pengembangan sistem kecerdasan buatan seperti robot pendamping atau agen virtual yang mampu mendeteksi dan merespons emosi manusia secara empatik.[1] Menurut para ilmuwan, meskipun sering dianggap menakutkan dan mengancam oleh banyak orang,[2] teknologi ini juga dapat memiliki banyak manfaat positif, khususnya dalam profesi yang secara tradisional terlibat dalam memainkan peran emosional seperti sektor pelayanan kesehatan.[3] Dari perspektif pemberi perawatan misalnya, melakukan kerja emosional di atas dan di luar persyaratan kerja berbayar sering mengakibatkan stres kronis atau kelelahan, dan mengakibatkan berkembangnya perasaan tidak peka terhadap pasien. Beberapa orang juga berpendapat bahwa hubungan peran emosional antara pasien dan robot sebenarnya dapat memiliki hasil yang lebih positif terutama untuk mengurangi kecemasan pasien, yang bisa dinyatakan dalam ungkapan: "jika saya hanya dirawat robot, mungkin penyakit yang saya derita tidaklah serius." Para ahli memperdebatkan kemungkinan hasil dari teknologi tersebut menggunakan dua perspektif yang berbeda. Entah empati buatan bisa membantu sosialisasi pemberi perawatan, atau berfungsi sebagai pemberi dukungan emosional.[3][4]

Definisi yang lebih luas dari empati buatan adalah "kemampuan model non-manusia untuk memprediksi keadaan internal seseorang (misalnya, kognitif, afektif, fisik) berdasarkan sinyal yang ia pancarkan (misalnya, ekspresi wajah, suara, gerakan) atau untuk memprediksi suatu reaksi seseorang (termasuk, namun tidak terbatas pada keadaan internal) ketika dia dihadapkan pada serangkaian rangsangan tertentu (misalnya, ekspresi wajah, suara, gerakan, grafik, musik, dll.)".[5]

Referensi

  1. ^ Yalçın, Ö.N., DiPaola, S. Modeling empathy: building a link between affective and cognitive processes. Artificial Intelligence Review 53, 2983–3006 (2020). DOI:10.1007/s10462-019-09753-0.
  2. ^ Jan-Philipp Stein; Peter Ohler (2017). "Venturing into the uncanny valley of mind—The influence of mind attribution on the acceptance of human-like characters in a virtual reality setting". Cognition (dalam bahasa Inggris). 160: 43–50. doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2016.12.010. ISSN 0010-0277. PMID 28043026. 
  3. ^ a b Bert Baumgaertner; Astrid Weiss (26 February 2014). "Do Emotions Matter in the Ethics of Human-Robot Interaction?" (PDF). Artificial Empathy and Companion Robots. European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 288146 (“HOBBIT”); and the Austrian Science Foundation (FWF) under grant agreement T623-N23 (“V4HRC”) – via direct download. 
  4. ^ Minoru Asada (14 February 2014). "Affective Developmental Robotics" (PDF). How Can We Design the Development of Artificial Empathy?. Osaka, Japan: Dept. of Adaptive Machine Systems, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University – via direct download. 
  5. ^ Xiao, L., Kim, H. J., & Ding, M. (2013). "An introduction to audio and visual research and applications in marketing". Review of Marketing Research, 10, p. 244. DOI:10.1108/S1548-6435(2013)0000010012.

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