Arnoul III dari Flandria

Arnoul III († 22 Februari 1071) a.k.a Arnoul 'si Naas' merupakan seorang Comte Flandria sebagai penguasa muda pada tahun 1070 dan sampai kematiannya pada tahun 1071.

Kehidupan

Lahir pada sekitar tahun 1055, Arnoul merupakan putra sulung Baudouin VI dan Richilde, Comtesse Mons dan Hainaut.^[1] Pada saat ia meninggal pada tahun 1070, Baudouin VI, menyerahkan Flandria kepada putra sulungnya Arnoul III dan Hainaut kepada putranya yang lain Baudouin dengan ketentuan bahwa jika salah satu dari mereka meninggal mendahului yang lain, maka provinsi lain akan diserahkan kepada yang masih hidup.^[2] Baudouin VI kemudian mempercayakan saudaranya Robert I denga perlindungan putranya Arnoul III, yang masih di bawah umur, dengan siapa Robert memberikan sumpah setianya untuk melindungi keponakannya.^[2] Richilde, ibunda Arnoul, janda ratu Flandria dan Comtesse de jure, menjadi wali di Flandria sampai Arnoul cukup dewasa untuk memimpin sendiri.^[3]

Setelah kematian ayahandanya pada tahun 1070, pamandanya Robert 'si Frisia' berkhianat dan menuntut takhta.^[4] Richilde mengajukan banding ke Raja Philippe I dari Prancis yang memanggil Robert untuk menghadapnya.^[5] Robert menolak dan melanjutkan agresinya melawan Richilde dan Arnoul sehingga Philippe I mengumpulkan pasukan yang ia bawa ke Flandria.^[4] Pasukan Prancis ditemani oleh pasukan Norman, yang diduga dikirim oleh bibi Arnoul Ratu Mathilde dan dipimpin oleh William FitzOsborn.^[3] Juga bersekutu dengan Arnoul III adalah Eustache II, Comte Boulogne yang memberi dukungan cukup baik kepada comte muda dan ibundanya.^[6] Kedua armada tersebut bertemu di Pertempuran Cassel pada tanggal 22 Februari 1071.^[3] Di dalam pertempuran tersebut pasukan Robert akhirnya menang^[a] namun Robert sendiri ditangkap dan pasukannya berbalik menangkap Comtesse Richilde.^[5] Keduanya dibebaskan di dalam pertukaran dan pertempuran terus disimpulkan.^[5] Di antarayang tewas terbunuh dimedan pertempuran itu adalah Arnoul III, yang dibunuh oleh Gerbod, yang diduga terjadi karena kecelakaan.^[b]^[7] Sebagai hasil dari pertempuran itu, Robert menuntut haknya sebagai comte di Flandria.^[5] Comtesse Richilde dan putranya Baudouin kembali ke Hainaut namun terus membenci Robert.^[5] Karena ia masih kecil pada saat kematiannya, Arnoul III tidak memiliki keturunan.^[1]

Lihat pula

Bagan Silsilah Comte Flandria

Catatan

^ The outcome of the battle itself was not a clear victory for either side, but the fact that Arnulf III was killed during the battle led to Robert's perceived victory by his recognition as Count of Flanders. See: Heather Tanner, Families, Friends, and Allies (Brill, 2004), 104.
^ Gerbod the Fleming, Earl of Chester and hereditary advocate of the Abbey of Saint Bertin at Saint-Omer, Flanders, had obtained permission of William the Conqueror to return to Flanders, ostensibly to tend to his affairs there. See: C.P. Lewis, 'The Formation of the Honor of Chester, 1066-1100,' The Earldom of Chester and its Charters; A Tribute to Geoffrey Barraclough, Ed. A.T. Thacker, Journal of the Chester Archaeological Society, Chester, Vol. 71, 1991, p.39. He was at the Battle of Cassel in early 1071 and according Gilbert of Mons killed Arnulf III in battle. After realizing he had killed the rightful count of Flanders who was also the Conqueror's nephew, he fled to Rome to seek forgiveness for the sin of killing his liege lord. The Pope, Gregory VII sent him to Hugh Abbot of Cluny who permitted him to become a monk at Cluny. See: Karl Hanquet, La Chronique de Saint-Hubert dite Cantatorium (Hayez, Imprimeur de L'Academie, Bruxelles, 1906), pp. 66-67; Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Translated by Laura Napran (Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 2005), pp. 6-7.

Referensi

^ ^a ^b Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 5
^ ^a ^b Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Trans. Laura Napran (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2005), p. 5
^ ^a ^b ^c Renée Nip, 'The Political Relations between England and Flanders (1066–1128)', Anglo-Norman Studies 21: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1998, Ed. Christopher Harper-Bill (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1999), p. 154
^ ^a ^b Jim Bradbury, The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty (987–1328) (London & New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 114
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Trans. Laura Napran (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2005), p. 6
^ Heather J. Tanner, Families, Friends, and Allies: Boulogne and Politics in Northern France and England, c.879—1160 (Leiden: Konninklijke Brill NV, 2004), p. 104
^ Renée Nip, 'The Political Relations between England and Flanders (1066–1128)', Anglo-Norman Studies 21: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1998, Ed. Christopher Harper-Bill (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1999), p. 155

Didahului oleh: Baudouin I/VI	Comte Flandria 1070–1071	Diteruskan oleh: Robert I

| place of birth = | date of death = 22 February 1071 | place of death = }}

[7] The outcome of the battle itself was not a clear victory for either side, but the fact that Arnulf III was killed during the battle led to Robert's perceived victory by his recognition as Count of Flanders. See: Heather Tanner, Families, Friends, and Allies (Brill, 2004), 104.

[8] Gerbod the Fleming, Earl of Chester and hereditary advocate of the Abbey of Saint Bertin at Saint-Omer, Flanders, had obtained permission of William the Conqueror to return to Flanders, ostensibly to tend to his affairs there. See: C.P. Lewis, 'The Formation of the Honor of Chester, 1066-1100,' The Earldom of Chester and its Charters; A Tribute to Geoffrey Barraclough, Ed. A.T. Thacker, Journal of the Chester Archaeological Society, Chester, Vol. 71, 1991, p.39. He was at the Battle of Cassel in early 1071 and according Gilbert of Mons killed Arnulf III in battle. After realizing he had killed the rightful count of Flanders who was also the Conqueror's nephew, he fled to Rome to seek forgiveness for the sin of killing his liege lord. The Pope, Gregory VII sent him to Hugh Abbot of Cluny who permitted him to become a monk at Cluny. See: Karl Hanquet, La Chronique de Saint-Hubert dite Cantatorium (Hayez, Imprimeur de L'Academie, Bruxelles, 1906), pp. 66-67; Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Translated by Laura Napran (Boydell Press, Woodbridge, 2005), pp. 6-7.

[ESII5-1] Detlev Schwennicke, Europäische Stammtafeln: Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten, Neue folge, Band II (Marburg, Germany: Verlag von J. A. Stargardt, 1984), Tafel 5

[COH5-2] Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Trans. Laura Napran (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2005), p. 5

[PR154-3] Renée Nip, 'The Political Relations between England and Flanders (1066–1128)', Anglo-Norman Studies 21: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1998, Ed. Christopher Harper-Bill (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1999), p. 154

[TCHD114-4] Jim Bradbury, The Capetians: The History of a Dynasty (987–1328) (London & New York: Hambledon Continuum, 2007), p. 114

[COH6-5] Gilbert of Mons, Chronicle of Hainaut, Trans. Laura Napran (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 2005), p. 6

[6] Heather J. Tanner, Families, Friends, and Allies: Boulogne and Politics in Northern France and England, c.879—1160 (Leiden: Konninklijke Brill NV, 2004), p. 104

[9] Renée Nip, 'The Political Relations between England and Flanders (1066–1128)', Anglo-Norman Studies 21: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 1998, Ed. Christopher Harper-Bill (Woodbridge: The Boydell Press, 1999), p. 155

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Arnoul III dari Flandria

Kehidupan

Lihat pula

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Referensi

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